ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 35
About This Presentation
Title:

ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER

Description:

The victims were the northern fur seals of the Pribilof Islands, which are ... has linked the decline of fur seals in the Pribilof Islands off Alaska, ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:77
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 36
Provided by: Technology82
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER


1
ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PAPER
  • By
  • Mrs. Gana Harris
  • For
  • Eleventh Grade
  • Honors English III English III

2
General Objectivehttp//owensville.k12.mo.us/r2cu
rriculum/Communications/honengIII.htm
  • CA HE 3-5E CA E 3-5E
  • The students will compose, revise, rewrite a
    research paper

3
Concept Map
4
Plagiarism
  • Plagiarism is presenting the ideas or words of
    another as if they were ones own.
  • To avoid plagiarism a writer simply acknowledges
    the sources used in a paper.
  • Plagiarism is found in direct quotations,
    paraphrases, and summaries.

5
Avoiding Plagiarism
  • Document all direct quotations (word for word
    from the text)
  • Document information the writer has paraphrased
    or summarized from the text (this includes all
    ideas and expressions that are adapted from
    sources)
  • DO NOT document common knowledge (the same
    information found in several different sources or
    if it is knowledge that people have)
  • WHEN IN DOUBT-CITE SOURCE

6
Paraphrasing
  • Paraphrasing is the rewording the meaning
    expressed in something spoken or written, using
    other words, but retaining all the original
    ideas.
  • The key passages of a written selection are
    explained in a persons own words.
  • This must have internal citation in an essay or
    in a research paper.

7
Guidelines of Paraphrasing
  • Locate the main idea.
  • List the supporting details.
  • Determine the tone of the selection (remember the
    tone is the writers attitude toward a subject-
    serious or angry)
  • Rework the vocabulary
  • Rewrite each sentence in a persons own
    words
  • Make a list of all the ideas in the source
    and the write
  • an original sentence containing these
    ideas.
  • CREDIT THE AUTHOR USING INTERNAL CITATION

8
Paraphrasing Practice
  • Directions Read and paraphrase the following
    quotation from Douglas Prestons The Mysterious
    Money Pit.
  • Here in Mahone Bay, about 40 miles southwest of
    Halifax, Nova Scotia, I am at the site of the
    most intensive treasure hunt in history, a hunt
    that has lasted 193 years, cost millions of
    dollars and killed six men. The reason for it
    all is a narrow water-filled shaft called Money
    Pit- and what me be hidden in its muddy depths.

9
Paraphrasing of Douglas Prestons direct
quotation by student
10
One way Douglas Prestons direct quotation could
be paraphrased
  • The Money Pit is a deep, narrow shaft on an
    island in Mahone Bay, near Halifax, Nova Scotia.
    For 193 years, people have been digging in the
    mud at the bottom of the shaft in search of
    buried treasure. Six men have lost the lives and
    millions of dollars have been spent seeking the
    treasure (INTERNAL CITATION NEEDED).

11
Summary
  • A summary in a persons own words, records only
    the main ideas of a passage. A writer should use
    this method when pulling together general ideas
    from a source.

12
Guidelines for Writing a Summary
  • Look for the topic sentence or the main ideas.
  • Write these down in ones own words.
  • Look for answers to questions, solutions to
    problems, and conclusions drawn from the
    information presented.
  • Write these down.
  • Look for key facts, statistics, and words.
  • Make a list of these items.
  • Reduce material by eliminating unnecessary
    details.
  • Write the summary in ones own words using the
    notes taken from the above used strategies.
  • CITE SOURCES IN THE FORM OF INTERNAL CITATION

13
Summarizing Practice
  • Directions Read and summarize the following
    passage from Michael Weisskopfs In the Sea,
    Slow Death by Plastic
  • A number of scientists believe that plastic is
    the most far-reaching, man-made threat facing
    many marine species, annually killing or maiming
    tens of thousands of seabirds, seals, sea lions
    and sea otters, and hundreds of whales, dolphins,
    porpoises and sea turtles. . .

14
Michael Weisskophs quotation continued
  • Plastics devastating effect on an entire
    population of marine animals was first observed
    in the late 1070s. The victims were the northern
    fur seals of the Pribilof Islands, which are
    located in the Bering Sea west of Alaska.
    Scientists from the National Marine Mammal
    Laboratory (NMMI-a division of the National
    Marine Fisheries Service) found that , beginning
    in 1976, the seal population was declining at a
    rate of 4 to 6 percent annually. They concluded
    that plastic entanglement was killing up to
    40,000 seals a year.

15
Students summary of Weisskophs quotation
16
One way to summarize Weisskopfs quotation
  • Scientists now feel that plastic is responsible
    for death and injury to a vast number of sea
    animals. The National Marine Mammal Laboratory
    has linked the decline of fur seals in the
    Pribilof Islands off Alaska, at the rate of
    perhaps 40,000 a year since 1976, to the seals
    becoming entangled in plastic (INTERNAL CITATION
    NEEDED).

17
Reading techniques for background information
  • Skim material for a general idea of what it
    contains
  • Scan material looking for a specific piece of
    information
  • Slowly and carefully read selected information
  • While reading identify main ideas, relationships
    among the ideas, draw inferences or conclusions
    from the material

18
Thesis Statement
  • A thesis statement is the main point of an essay
    or a research paper.
  • The entire writing will support this statement.
  • It is ONE SENTENCE.
  • The format for this sentence can be simple,
    compound, complex, or compound-complex.
  • It is located in the introductory paragraph of
    the writing.

19
Thesis Statement Practice
  • Directions Use the following items of purpose
    to create a thesis statement.
  • Define laser technology
  • Review history of lasers in the field of
  • medicine
  • Describe many ways doctors in various
    specialties are using lasers to heal the sick

20
Student thesis statement
21
Sample Thesis
  • Lasers have had their most important and most
    dramatic effects in the field of medicine.

22
Formal Outline
  • A formal outline not only lays out main ideas and
    their support, but it also shows the relative
    importance of all the papers elements and how
    they connect with each other.
  • This research paper will use a topic outline
    format.
  • Every heading is a gerund phrase (Preventing
    abuse)

23
Example of a gerund phrase outline
  • II. Abusing issues of young children
  • A. Facing problems
  • 1. Recognizing a problem
  • 2. Recognizing child-oriented
    myths
  • 3. Discovering abuse
  • 4. Helping after the fact
  • B. Involving statistics of abuse
  • 1. Increasing amounts of abuse
  • 2. Showing specific examples
  • 3. Helping without professional
    assistance
  • 4. Preventing child abuse

24
Source Cards
  • On a separate card for each source include the
    following information
  • Author
  • Title
  • Date of publication
  • Place of publication
  • Publication company
  • Each source card has an alphabetical letter in
    the upper right hand corner

25
Example of a source card

  • A
  • Anderson, J. (1982). There Was Harlem. New
    York Farrar Straus Giroux.

26
Student created source card
  • Directions Write a source card below.

27
Note Card
  • Use note cards to record specific information.
  • Place one subject on a card
  • Each note card has an alphabetical letter to
    match the source card in the upper right hand
    corner along with a number of the card.
  • Each card has a categorizing label in the upper
    left hand corner.
  • Information includes direct quotations (page
    numbers also), lists of ideas or words for
    paraphrasing or summarizing (page numbers also)

28
Note card example
  • Teaching
    A 3
  • Savage felt her teaching was an important part
    of her legacy(42)

29
Student example of a note card
30
Scoring Guide
  • The students oral feedback on each section of
    the lesson

31
Lesson Summary
  • The students will become acquainted with the
    elements of writing a research paper

32
References
  • Carrol, Joyce Armstrong, Edward
  • E. Wilson, and Gary Forlini.
  • Eds. Writing and Grammar
  • Communication in Action Ruby Level. Upper
    Saddle River
  • Prentice Hall, Inc., 2001.

33
Career Areas
  • Scientists
  • Marketing
  • Business Management

34
The basic elements of creating a research paper
are complete. The next step is for the writer to
gather information on the chosen topic.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com