Major points

1
Major points
JCOTS presentation July 28, 2008

• ICTAS
• A major university research institute with the
  following characteristics
• Inter-and trans-disciplinary research
• Cutting edge research in converging
  technologies for the new millennium
• State-of-the art laboratories
• Faculty-driven
• Enhancing Quality of Student s their
  experience
• outreach and economic development of COV
• COV support critical to ICTAS
• VT Carilion Research Institute (VTCRI)
• We are what we repeatedly do.
• Aristotle

ICTAS VTCRI Overview Roop L. Mahajan Tucker
Chair Professor of Engineering, Director , ICTAS
Director, VTCRI mahajanr_at_vt.edu 541 231 1929
2
ICTAS Mission

• Interdisciplinary/trans-disciplinary Research
• at the intersection of science, engineering,
  biology, medicine and social sciences.
• A few selected areas
• Big/visionary Science
• Institute for Transformative Technologies

3
RESEARCH NBIC with a bias
CANCER MARKERS. Red light-emitting quantum dots
tag proteins on the surfaces of breast cancer
cells, while a conventional blue dye stains the
cells' nuclei.
4
Research thrust

• Nanoscale Science and Engineeringa. Nanoscience
  and technology of the environment (a theme
  area)b. Nanomaterials including carbonaceous
  materials (a theme area)c. Seed projects
• Nano-bio Interfacea. Targeted delivery of
  nanomedicine (a focus area)b. Cellular
  Engineering Microsystems (a theme area)c.
  Non-invasive sensing and diagnosis (a theme
  area)d. Inflammation (a theme area)e. Seed
  projects
• Sustainable Energy Solutionsa. PEM Fuel Cells,
  Organic photovoltaics, Biofuels (a focus area)b.
  Seed projects

5

• Sustainable Water Technologiesa. Water
  infrastructure management, waste water treatment,
  water shed management (a focus area)b. Seed
  projects
• Renewable Materialsa. Bio-based design and
  processing of sustainable materials and products
  (a focus area)b. Seed projects
• (vi) Cognitive and Communication Systems
• a. Cognitive radio networks (a focus
  area)b. Human behavior analysis (a theme
  area)c. Autonomous Secure Communications (a
  theme area)d. Accelerating Scientific Discovery
  through Data Mining (a theme area) e. Seed
  projects

6

• Emerging Research
• a. Comprehensive Energy Initiative
• Carbon management, nuclear, hydro..
• Bell Labs Model
• Advanced Research Lab/Location Lab/
  Development
• b. Assistive Technologies including center for
  slips and falls (a seed project)
• c. Smart Vehicles (a theme area)
• d. Humanoid Hospital (a seed project)
• e. Complex Network Systems (a seed project)

7
Research thrust
NT Nano-Bio Interface
8
Imagine the Possibilities

• Data storage based on DNA will be a trillion
  times more dense than the current media
• Supercomputers modeled after the brain will use
  as little as a billionth of the power of existing
  designs.
• Biologically-inspired sensors will be sensitive
  to a single photon
• Nanoscale bio-compatible sensors distributed
  throughout the body to provide detailed
  information or deliver drug where needed.
• Individualized treatment.

9
NanoTech Now In Products
Products on the Market A survey by Small Times
magazine identified over 1600 companies involved
in nanotech, with more than 700 products being
produced. An internal EPA survey identified over
270 firms with products on the market.
10
Applied Nanotechnology Paint
Deletum 5000s special ingredient is silica that
are but a few nanometres (billionths of a metre)
across. These particles have had both
oil-repellent and water-repellent molecules
attached to their surfaces. Both are necessary,
since the materials used by graffiti artists may
be oil-based or water based. However, if merely
mixed together, the two would end up repelling
each other, and thus separating. By attaching
them to the silica, this mutual loathing can be
overcome and, as the paint dries, the changes
that take place force the oil-and-water-proofing
to the surface. The result is that most agents
used by graffiti artists will not stick to that
surfaceand what does stick can be washed or
brushed off easily.
Deletum 5000 Anti-graffiti paint Company Victor
Castaño
11
Applied Nanotechnology Self-Cleaning Fabrics
Nanowires The leaves of several plants, including
the lotus plant, show self-cleaning properties.
The so-called "lotus effect" that results means
that every rain shower washes away dust
particles.
This 2x2 micrometer AFM image shows an attempt to
mimic the dust-busting properties of the lotus --
a carpetlike assembly of nanowires, created by a
chemical vapor deposition process. When water
droplets hit the superhydrophobic nanowires, they
quickly roll off, taking those pesky dust
particles with them. Oliver
Bumchen/Saarland University, Germany
12
AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core Processor
Nano Lithography in Your World

• The AMD Athlon 64 FX processor is the first
  Windows-compatible 64-bit PC processor designed
  specifically for PC enthusiasts.
• Lithography is the printing process used to
  manufacture processors. AMD manufactures a device
  at 90 nanometers (nm), These tiny proportions
  allow AMD to etch onto a silicon die complex
  circuits of millions upon millions of
  transistors, which allow for more-powerful-but-sma
  ller processors.
• AMD uses a combination of 248nm and 193nm
  lithography tools, along with resolution
  enhancement techniques, to etch sub-50nm
  transistor gates the smaller transistors switch
  faster and draw less power.

13
The newest shaft in the AccuFLEX line and the 1st
ever shaft to hit the golf market incorporating
NANO COMPOSITE TECHNOLOGY. The Evolution is
unique in design and material and truly is the
best of both worlds. In the case of the
EVOLUTION, AccuFLEX Golfs Nano Composite
technology enhancement increases the surface area
of the shaft thereby creating a tighter molecular
structure. This means that shafts that are
enhanced with AccuFLEX Golfs Nano Composite
technology have fewer voids in the fiber, tighter
tolerances and can feature lighter weight with
more fiber density. Nano Composite technology
shafts are also stronger, have faster recovery
with less shaft deformation while transmitting
better feel.
Applied Nanotechnology Golf Clubs
AccuFlex Evolution Golf Shaft Company Accuflex
14
Applied Nanotechnology Water Filters
NF Membrane System, RN1812 PES is a domestic
type filter. It resists bacterium and eliminates
viruses removes color and odors effectively
eliminates organic compounds and heavy metal
ions dialyzes mineral microelements beneficial
to the human body. Used for various types of
domestic water purifiers and cup jug filters
Nanofiltration Membrane Systems Company Shenzhen
Become Industry Trade Co., Ltd.
15
Applied Nanotechnology Air Filter
NanoBreeze Car Air Purifier Company NanoTwin
Technologies, Inc.
The nanotechnology in NanoBreeze rips apart
dangerous airborne molecules to create benign
ones. The NanoBreeze decomposes allergens and
mold spores kills bacteria and viruses reduces
exhaust fumes and vapors. The patented NanoBreeze
was developed by a national government
laboratory.
16
The Nano-Future
Systems of nanosystems Guided
molecular Assembly 3D networking Robotics
Supramolecules

• Passive
• Nanostructures
• Nanoparticles
• Nanotubes
• Nanocomposites
• Nano-coatings
• Nanostructured
• Materials

Active Nanostructures Electronics Sensors
Targeted drugs Adaptive structures
Molecular nanosystems Molecules by design
Hierarchical functions Evolutionary systems
work now underway at VT
1st Generation
2nd Generation
3rd Generation
4th Generation
2018 - space elevator?
2040
NOW
17
The Nano Tech Market Virginia is a Player

• nanotech TO impact 3.1 trillion in
  manufactured goods in 2015
• Lux Research Report, July 22, 2008, New York
• Electronics (displays, batteries)
• 35 billion, 2007, 940 billion in 2015
•   Healthcare
• 25 billion, 2007 CAGR 46, 500 billion in
  2015
• Materials and manufacturing
• 97 billion, 2007 reach 1.8 trillion in 2015
•  
• USA --- 1.08 trillion (59 billion in products
  in 2007)
• Key states include, MA, NY, TX, CO, VA.

18
ICTAS _RESEARCH NBIC with a bias

• NT at VT
• Nanoscale Science Engineering
• Nano-bio Interface

19
Novel nanomaterials for engineering and medical
applications

• New material discovered by Prof. Harry Dorn of
  Chemistry, 1994
• Metal encapsulated in a fullerene cage
• More discoveries followed
• Many applications in bio-imaging, energy,
  optoelectronics
• Grants
• 6m from NIH and NSF 2005-09
• 200,000 from the Commonwealth Technology
  Research Fund (CTRF), March 2008
• Has spurred new collaborative research
• Novel nanostructures (peapods and nanohorns) as
  improved imaging agents and therapeutic
  enhancers (hyperthermia, drug delivery)
• NIH proposal with Nichole Rylander (ME) and ADA,
  a company from Colorado planning to move to
  Corporate Research Center

20
EXAMPLE OF PROGRAM Drug Targeting
CELL
Targeted drug delivery for the treatment of
infections due to intracellular pathogens
Nanoparticledissolving
Bacteria

• Work is currently underway into all aspects in a
  systematic manner with encouraging results
• Will define the ideal system which can be used
  for the control of intracellular bacterial
  infections like Tuberculosis Brucellosis and
  Salmonellosis with targeted drug delivery system
  using nanoparticles

Hollow or solid glass nano particle where t is
the thickness of glass shell and R is the
internal radius of the particle.
Drug Release
Macrophage cells infected with Brucella
expressing green fluorescence protein. Confocal
image of J774 A.1 cells
21
Growth inside fibers and tubes

• Quartz fibers 50 µm, 75 µm and 100 µm
• Ferrofluid coating Capillary action
• 800 oC, 10 min., C2H2 H2 (250500 sccm), H2
  pre-treatment

• Quartz tube 2 mm diameter
• Ferrofluid dropped inside rotating tube
• 800 oC, 10 min., C2H2 H2 (250500 sccm), H2
  pre-treatment

22
CNT Coatings (with NIST)
Blackest coating in the world !!
?T Temperature difference of the water before
entering the fixture and after exiting the
fixture m Mass flow rate of water flowing
behind the sample Power absorbed Pabs m Cp
?T ? Pabs / Pin Ivd Visual damage Iad
Absorbance based damage
23
Thermal Interface Material
24
Nano-knife Force Test
25
Examples of Success

• NSF Center for Environmental Implications of NT
• In collaboration with Duke, Carnegie Mellon,
  Howard
• VT P.I. Mike Hochella
• Tough competition Berkeley, MIT, Rice, Yale,
  Brown..
• 25 M over 5 years, some cuts possible
• ICTAS investment 199, 200 over two years
• NSF MRSEC
• On Materials Medicine Materials science
  Engineering
• pharmaceutical sciences
• Riffle et al.
• Reverse visit, outcome in August, 2008
• VERY PROUD OF OUR FACULTY!!

26
Awards/ Expenditures/Proposals
27
Infrastructure
Laboratories and Collaborative Space

• http//www.ictas.vt.edu/ncfl

28
ICTAS A
Open for Business
http//www.ictas.vt.edu/ncfl
NCFL Director Professor Bill Reynolds
Inauguration September 21, 2007
29
NCFL CRI funds at Work

• Nanoscale Characterization and Fabrication
  Laboratory
• A state-of-the -Art Laboratory
• Over 12 m worth of equipment
• 6,181,000 CRI Funds
• A BIG THANK YOU !!
• This laboratory will put us on the map many
  benefits
• Attract top-notch faculty
• Attract high quality students
• Enable cutting edge research
• IIndustry engagement

30

• Seeing, Studying, Manipulating
• and Fabricating VERY Small Things
• A Resource for Virginias Businesses

31
NCFL USERS
Industry and university use

• Students and post-docs working under 63 faculty
  from 3 different universities
• Researchers from 32 companies of which 15 are
  regular customers

32
ICTAS I
33
SITE PLAN, NTS
34
ICTAS II
35
Students Faculty
36
Outreach

• INDUSTRY
• NSF I/UCRCs
• Smart vehicle concepts
• Center for e-Design
• ADA
• ValleyLab
• GE/COV Center of
• Excellence in Carbon
• Management
• International Initiatives
• NSF-International Materials
• Institute
• Indo-US Science Technology Forum

37
Concluding remarks

• ICTAS making strides
• Early successes
• University-wide engagement
• Faculty invested in ICTAS
• View ICTAS as empowering and critical to their
  success
• Supportive Stakeholders Board University
  Leadership Team
• NCFL off to an excellent start
• Will significantly enhance our prestige ,
  research expenditures
• Help us attract top-notch new faculty
  graduate students
• Thanks Again to COV
• Elements in place for ICTAS to be an
  internationally recognized
• institute for excellence in inter/trans-discipl
  inary research

38
Major points
JCOTS presentation July 28, 2008

• ICTAS
• A major university research institute with the
  following characteristics
• Inter-and trans-disciplinary research
• Cutting edge research in converging
  technologies for the new millennium
• State-of-the art laboratories
• Faculty-driven
• Enhancing Quality of Student s their
  experience
• outreach and economic development of COV
• COV support critical to ICTAS
• VT Carilion Research Institute (VTCRI)
• We are what we repeatedly do.
• Aristotle

ICTAS VTCRI Overview Roop L. Mahajan Tucker
Chair Professor of Engineering, Director , ICTAS
Director, VTCRI mahajanr_at_vt.edu 541 231 1929
39
VT Carilion Research Institute
Introduction

• Modeled after Lerner College of Medicine
  Cleveland Clinic,
• VT Carilion Research Institute (VTCRI), in
  close collaboration with Carilion Clinic and VTC
  School of Medicine
• will serve as a premier institute of Translation
  Research in selected areas of medicine
• will facilitate discovery-based medical education
  and
• will help Carilion Clinic in becoming a research
  empowered provider of health care services.
• VTC School of Medicine
• 4-year curriculum, small class size (40
  students/year), case-study based with seamless
  integration of research 1St class, Fall, 2010.
• Carilion Clinic
• Research to become an integral part of clinical
  practice

40
VT Carilion Research Institute
Architects view
41
VT Carilion Research Institute
Physical Infrastructure

• VTCRI Building
• 99,000 SF building, 3 floors
• 40-50 PIs (M.D.s, Ph.D.s, M.D.- Ph.D.s)
• Phase I 2 Floors (66,000 SF) to be up-fitted
• Generic wetlab/dry lab design
• 3,000 SF vivarium- ready (small animal)
• Design close to completion, ( Dennis Dean,
  Director, Fralin
• Institute Associate Director, VTCRI
  leading the effort)
• Ready for business, Fall 2010.
• Cost to build the complex 59M
• Thanks to COV !!

42
VT Carilion Research Institute
Research Focus

• 4 Targeted areas
• Cardiovascular Science Cardiology
• Inflammation
• Infectious disease
• Neuroscience
• Investment to get research/school of medicine
  off the ground
• 70 M, first 35 M from Carilion, VTs
  investment to follow

43
VT Carilion Research Institute
Guiding Principles

• An Institute known for path-finding research in
  a few selected areas for improving the healthcare
  of people.
• A compelling story to tell
• Unique combination of Discovery, Learning and
  Practice domains
• A place for interdisciplinary/transdisciplinary
  research
• Creativity blossoms at the intersection of
  medicine, science and engineering

44
VT Carilion Research Institute
Guiding Principles

• Faculty-driven
• State-of-the-art infrastructure
• A few selected areas
• Research a mixture of
• Unencumbered, long-term research
• Solid, forward-looking research
• High risk, high pay-off research
• Short-term with immediate pay-off

45
VT Carilion Research Institute
Near-term Steps

• Building bridges VT, Clinic, SOM
• Seminar Series/poster sessions
• Seed projects (RFP in progress)
• Advisory Committee
• Identifying on-going collaborations, and
  strengthen these
• Web site
• Benchmarking
• Joint Faculty appointments

46
VT Carilion Research Institute
Looking ahead

• Faculty Hires
• Rain Makers
• Nation-wide search
• Process to start in earnest, Spring 2009
• Too good to miss Now
• Goal 12 hires by Fall 2010
• Identify opportunities for collaboration and
  breaking new ground
• Ex Humanoid Hospital
• VT/ Carilion/ Wake Forest triad
• SBES an excellent example

47
Focused Ion Beam Example
FIB deposition can produce features 200 nm or
less in thickness. FIB milling can produce even
finer results. This structure required
approximately 30 minutes of FIB time to produce.
48
ESEM Example
Environmental SEM image of a microbial fuel cell
component. The small, rod-like features are
bacteria growing on fibers of carbon cloth.
Image courtesy of Sayangdev Naha, Ishwar Puri,
and Steve McCartney
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM)
49
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM)
A Scanning Transmission Electron Micrograph of
several AlZr3 precipitates in an aluminum alloy.
The popcorn-shaped precipitates form at 375
degrees C and are responsible for increasing the
strength of the alloy. Each precipitate is
roughly 15 nanometers across. Image courtesy of
Joerg Jinschek, Bill Reynolds, Vincent Caluori,
Kristine Obusek, and Keith Knipling.
FEI Titan FEG 80-200kV X-Twin