Technologies for addressing Environmental Challenges

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• Technologies for addressing Environmental
  Challenges

dedicated to Environmental Protection and
Restoration
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Technologies for addressing Environmental
ChallengesFreda Porter, Ph.D., President and
CEOPorter Scientific
The protection of water resources is vital in
todays environment. A number of environmental
issues are presented along with the latest
technologies including 1) corrosion control
coatings and processes, industrial water
recovery, and monitoring solutions 2) EPA
Brownfields properties and remediation
technologies 3) Leaky landfills and groundwater
monitoring and 4) UST removal and remediation,
where EPA guidelines function is to reduce
leaking USTs that contaminate water supplies.
Risk-based modeling of natural bioattenuation for
groundwater contamination along with monitoring
is suggested for measuring the extent of
contamination. The mathematical underpinning for
estimating the rate of natural bioattenuation is
discussed.
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Outline

• Company Overview
• Environmental Projects
• Technologies for addressing Environmental
  Challenges
• Mathematical Modeling of Groundwater
  Contamination

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Corporate HeadquartersPorter Plaza719 Old Main
Road Pembroke, NC 28372910-521-0549
dedicated to Environmental Protection and
Restoration

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Porter Scientific Incorporated (PSI) is an
American Indian woman owned small business with
an established track record of providing
environmental consulting services, information
technology and facility support services to a
variety of agencies including the Department of
Defense, the Department of Transportation and the
Environmental Protection Agency as well as
municipalities and commercial clients. PSI
specializes in providing environmental solutions
caused by wastewater, storm water, and HAZMAT
pollution by delivering cradle-to-grave solutions
to our clients. Through experience, modern
technologies and equipment, and customer
satisfaction, the PSI team has created an
outstanding track record of service to its client
base and to the community.
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Company Overview

• ? Staff of 21 industry-standard trained and
  certified personnel
• ? Established in 1997, Corporate Office
  Pembroke, NC
• ? Approximately 21,000 ft2 of office and
  warehouse space
• ? Approved MWBE/SDBE provider of Environmental
  and IT Services by the NC DOT, SC DOT, Charlotte,
  Raleigh, Durham, RDU AA, Wachovia, Progress
  Energy, and NC HUB
• ? ISO 90012000 certification pending
• ? 2007 UIDA American Indian Business of the Year
  Award
• 2008 UNCP Business Visions Business Person of the
  Year

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Core Competencies

• Environmental Services Division
• Environmental Protection and Restoration
• Technical and Environmental Consulting Services
• Professional Services Division
• Water and Sewer Construction Management
• Education, Outreach and Workforce Development
  Training
• Facility Support Services
• Grant Writing
• Information Technology Division
• GIS Mapping of Infrastructure
• Database Management

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Certifications

• Water Pollution Control System Operator
  Certification LA 22755
• Septage Management Firm NCS 00987
• GIS Technician
• Licensed Asbestos Inspector BI-00335
• Lead Inspector/Risk Assessor
• Secret Security Clearance (Facility Personnel)
• Hazardous Material Transport (DOT Registration
  No. 052305 550 047N, EPA Id. No. NC0991302636)
• NCBA approved to provide Environmental Site
  Assessments, Due Diligence Training
  Environmental Consulting (affiliate member)
• NCDOT Mentor Protégé Program with Mulkey
  Engineering and Consultants
• Stormwater Management BMP Inspections
• Wastewater Treatment Plant Operation Grade IV

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Professional Society Memberships

• The Society of American Military Engineers (SAME)
• American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
• North Carolina Technology Association (NCTA)
• Association for Women in Mathematics (AWM)
• American Council for Engineering Companies (ACEC)
• American WaterWorks Association (AWWA)

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Environmental Site Assessments

• Phase I Environmental Site Assessments (ASTM E
  1527-05)
• Asbestos Assessment, Abatement Demolition
• Mold Assessment Remediation
• Lead Inspections/Risk Assessments
• Phase II Environmental Site Assessments with
  BC
• Real Estate Transaction Screens (ASTM-1528)
• New Century Bank South
• BBT
• Lumbee Guaranty Bank
• Native Angels Health Care
• First Bank
• K A Richardson Co
• Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina

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What is a Brownfields Site?

• Real property, the expansion, redevelopment,
• or reuse of which may be complicated by the
  presence or potential presence of a hazardous
  substance, pollutant, or contaminant.
• As defined in 101(39) of the Comprehensive
  Environmental Response, Compensation, and
  Liability Act of 1980, as amended (CERCLA, or
  Superfund)

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EPA Brownfields Training Program
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EPA Brownfields Assessment Program

• Town of Pembroke EPA Brownfields Assessment
  Grant
• City of Durham EPA Brownfields Assessment Grant
• Hoke County EPA Brownfields Assessment Grant
• Robeson County EPA Brownfields Assessment
  Grants

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Town of Pembroke EPA Brownfields Sites
Petroleum product builds up in Lift station
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Town of Pembroke EPA Brownfields Sites

• Sheffs Seafood Parking Lot
• Petroleum product
• in storm drains existing monitoring wells on
  site

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Robeson County EPA Brownfields Sites

• Carolina Mills 26
• Lumberton
• Carolina Mills 27
• Lumberton

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Robeson County EPA Brownfields Sites

• Johnson Cotton Building
• Lumberton

Former Peoples Gas Oil Site, Red Springs
Old Mueller Steam Building, St Pauls
Transformer Site Red Springs
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Robeson County EPA Brownfields Sites

• Burned Plant
• Maxton
• Maxton Oil Fertilizer
• Maxton
• Textile Plant
• St. Pauls
• Tobacco Warehouse
• Fairmont

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City of Durham EPA Brownfields Sites

• Former Green Oil Site
• Durham Phase II completed
• Surficial Soil contamination that exceeded the
  RSLs appears to be localized at 2 sample
  locations 7 and 3 at residential and
  industrial. Benzene was detected in groundwater
  TMW 8
• 12 DCA was detected in TMW 4
• Groundwater contamination was next door
• Metals in the groundwater
• Depending on use of site, no remediation
  recommended, ie, surficial soil removal if use
  is residential
• Groundwater flow is in a northeasternly direction

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UST Removal and Disposal of Contaminated Soil

• UST Removal and Investigation
• Contaminated Soil Removal Disposal
• Trust Fund Assistance

• Hanes Dye Finishing
• Seymour Johnson AFB
• Picerne Housing, Ft Bragg

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Facility Support Services Contracts

• Working with Research Triangle Institute in
  developing Baseline Monitoring Plans as well as
  research subproject plans that will meet Camp
  Lejeunes needs and better manage their natural
  resources through the Strategic Environmental
  Research and Development Program (SERDP).
• Fayetteville, NC Annual Infrastructure
  Maintenance Program PSI has in-place an annual
  agreement with the Public Works Commission of
  Fayetteville, North Carolina to perform, as
  necessary, the following services collection
  system cleaning using high velocity jetting
  equipment, closed circuit television inspections
  of pipelines, inclinometer surveys, sewer root
  cutting, wastewater treatment plant maintenance,
  pump station maintenance, locating manholes,
  manhole inspections, land application of
  biosolids, infiltration/inflow evaluations, and
  GIS mapping of drainage systems and lift
  stations.

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Facility Support Services Contracts

• BPA for Environmental Services at Marine Corps
  Base, Camp Lejeune
• BPA for Environmental Services at MCAS, Cherry
  Point, NC
• Both BPAs include environmental and other
  services including but not limited to
  assessments, studies, testing, remediation, and
  related industrial hygiene services,
  facilities/infrastructure operations, problem
  detection, maintenance and repair, wastewater and
  storm water compliance issues, hazardous waste
  management, reports, and training.
• PSI conducted Air Sampling to monitor worker
  exposure to Silica at the UNILEVER facility
• PSI performs Air Sampling to monitor worker
  exposure to Hexavalent Chromium VI at MCAS CP

Before Duct Cleaning/MR
After Duct Cleaning/MR
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Water and Sewer Infrastructure Construction
Management and Grant Support

• Hoke County Regional WWTP stream modeling
  required on outfalls Rural Center and CWMTF
  grant proposals in progress
• Outfalls - Puppy Creek, Rockfish Creek, Black
  Branch Creek, Beaver Creek - QUAL2K
• Hoke County Ethanol Plant Gas Distribution Line
  and Fire suppression water tank Rural Center
  and CDBG grant proposals in progress -
  construction management oversight upon approval
• Donald D. Steed Lift Station and Force Main (In
  Progress)
• Walmart Water and Sewer Connection (401 Corridor)
  Rural Center grant proposals underway

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Water and Sewer Infrastructure Construction
Management

• Pump Station to serve Donald D. Steed Elementary
  School on Phillipi Church Road, in Raeford, NC

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Water and Sewer Infrastructure Project
Management and Grant Support

• Need a photo of the Ethanol site

The 100 million plant , by Clean Burn Fuels,
built in Hoke County, will be the largest on the
East Coast. It is one of four proposed facilities
in the state hoping to cash in on what could
become the surge in biofuels interest.
Proposed project WWTP effluent is in planning
to be piped to Ethanol plant as a primary water
source.
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Water and Sewer Infrastructure Project Management
Hoke County, NC commissioners are working with
Wal-Mart to open its doors next year, with grants
for the infrastructure improvements being written
to help handle water and sewer. Rural Center and
CDBG grants
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Emergency Response (URS, Fort Bragg, NC DOT,
and local government)
Emergency Response to Oil Water Separator
Overflow at Fort Bragg Approximately 97.47 tons
of contaminated soil and sludge was removed from
the retention pond and construction site.
Contaminated material was transported to a
permitted remediation facility off-site. Three
post excavation soil samples were collected from
the retention pond. The samples were analyzed
for MADEP Extractable Petroleum Hydrocarbons
(EPH) and MADEP Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons
(VPH). Upon receiving the lab results,
restoration of the project site was conducted.
The retention pond was backfilled and compacted
with local borrow soil along with all areas were
heavy equipment had accessed the contaminated
sites. The areas were stabilized and reseeded
per Fort Bragg seeding specifications.
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Other Professional Services -Technology
Transfer (T2) Bridge Program
Managed by ECU T2Bridge is a focused outreach
program that provides one-on-one support to
companies interested in licensing technologies
developed with DoD resources or transitioning
their own innovative products or technologies
into DoD. Specific components of the program
supported by Porter Scientific include
facilitating the licensing of DoD technologies to
the commercial sector accelerating the
transition of innovative technologies from the
commercial sector to DoD with heavy emphasis on
those technologies that will directly benefit the
warfighter encourage further utilization/access
of DoD infrastructure to aid in the technology
transition (e.g. validation/verification) and
through providing additional support and leverage
on programs such as the Small Business Innovation
Research (SBIR) and other RD funding programs.
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Corrosion Control - Industrial Water Treatment
Lab Services

• Monitor, test, treat, and provide water quality
  data analysis for boilers, cooling towers, and
  chilled water systems
• IWT chemicals purchased from national chemical
  supplier

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PSI Technical Team

• The PSI technical support team offers complete
  technical and laboratory support for chemical
  services related to water treatment.
• Project Manager
• Chemist
• Industrial Water Technician
• Chemical Formulations based on SOW purchased
  from national chemical supplier

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Energy and Water Conservation

• Basewide Order reduce water usage by 2
• HAZMAT Waste Reduction
• Replacing IWT chemicals with Molybdenum free
  chemicals
• Building 59
• Building 177 valve repairs
• Monitoring Makeup water with meters

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Clean Water Management Trust Fund Proposal for
Hoke County

• Clean Water Management Trust Fund grant
  proposal submitted for Wastewater Infrastructure
  Improvement Project along 401 Corridor Hoke Co
  BRAC RTF focused growth area
• includes novel research approach for measuring
  E-coli accumulation - Rachel Noble, Ph.D., UNC CH
  1

Most of Hoke County has either moderate or severe
limitations for septic fields Puppy Creek
near housing with failing septic systems
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Solid Waste Project Management

• Robeson County Solid Waste Landfill Phase IV
  expansion design/build project with BC
• Local Client Regulatory Community Relations
• Client Liaison
• Local Regulatory Liaison
• Public Meetings
• Engineering Construction Support
• Construction Management
• Leachate Pump Station Design support
• Bid Development Procurement
• Local Sampling Inspection
• Groundwater, Surface water Sampling
• Daily Oversight
• Soil Sampling

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Landfill Groundwater Monitoring and Leachate
Line Inspections
Landfill Cross Section
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Landfill Groundwater Monitoring and Leachate Line
Inspections
15A NCAC 13B .0601       GROUND-WATER MONITORING
- required of SWMF to detect effects of the
facility on ground-water in the area. 15A NCAC
13B .0602       SURFACE WATER MONITORING -
required of SWMF to detect effects of the
facility on ground-water in the area.
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Landfill Groundwater Monitoring and Leachate
Line Inspections Robeson County

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Landfill Groundwater Monitoring and Leachate
Line Inspections Robeson County

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Professional Services
EPA Modeling Support PSI was tasked by the US
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to analyze
mathematical models of mass conservation and to
implement efficient numerical algorithms that
predict the extent of groundwater contamination.
PSI personnel also provided training support by
instructing the mathematical modeling component
of an EPA course entitled Modeling Subsurface
Hydrocarbon (BTEX and MTBE) Transport and Natural
Attenuation with the USEPA Ecosystems Research
Division in Athens, Georgia. PSI personnel later
researched, evaluated, and coauthored a paper
titled Estimating the Rate of Natural
Bioattenuation of Groundwater Contaminants by a
Mass Conservation Approach. 2
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Estimating the rate of natural bioattenuation of
groundwater contaminants by a mass conservation
approach
A number of factors influence the rate of
biodegradation, which helps determine the extent
of contamination. Estimating degradation rate
constants is necessary for determining the impact
of contaminants on environmental receptors.
Contaminant mass conservation . Contaminants
dissolved in ground water are subject to
conservation of mass, M,
(1)
Where JM is the mass flux and ? is the
first-order decay constant. Used conventionally
for subsurface biodegradation, it summarizes the
behavior at a particular point in time and space.

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Estimating the rate of natural bioattenuation of
groundwater contaminants by a mass conservation
approach
If subsurface contamination is conceptualized as
in Figure 1, (1) can be applied to a control
volume that surrounds the contaminant plume. The
control volume is assumed to contain all aquifer
contamination at all times of interest, so no
mass exits the control volume. The only input of
mass is assumed to occur at the contact between
the oil lens and the water table. Equation (1)
can then be written as a first order linear ODE
(2)
Where Jin (t) is the rate that mass enters the
contaminant plume. The solution of (2) is

(3)
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Estimating the rate of natural bioattenuation of
groundwater contaminants by a mass conservation
approach
Figure 1.
Four cases are of interest Case 1 where mass
flux to the aquifer is zero Case 2 where mass
flux is a constant Case 3 if mass flux to the
aquifer as a represented as a decaying
exponential function and Case 4 mass flux is
represented as a general function of time. HSSM
computer model was used to estimate the mass
flux.
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References

• Noble, Rachel T., John F. Griffith, A. Denene
  Blackwood, Jed A. Fuhrman, Jason B. Gregory,
  Ximena Hernandez, Xiaolin Liang, Angie A. Bera,
  and Kenneth Schiff. Feb 2006. Applied and
  Environmental Microbiology. 721604-1612
• Weaver, James W. and Freda Porter-Locklear. 1998.
  Estimating the Rate of Natural Bioattenuation of
  Ground Water Contaminants by a Mass Conservation
  Approach. SIAM Rev. 40113-117.
• Norris, Robert D., Robert E. Hinchee, Richard
  Brown, Perry L. McCarty, John T. Wilson, Don H.
  Kampbell, Martin Reinhard, Edward J. Bouwer,
  Robert C. Borden, Timothy M. Vogel, J. M. Thomas,
  and C. H. Ward. 1993. Handbook of
  BIOREMEDIATION. Robert S. Kerr Environmental
  Research Laboratory.
• Bear, Jacob. 1979. Hydraulics of Groundwater.
  McGraw-Hill Series in Water Resources and
  Environmental Engineering.