Anatomically Modern Humans

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Topic 17 Anatomically Modern Humans
Homo sapiens sapiens

• 180,000 -gt present

• world-wide

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Africa
180,000 BP
Klasies R. Mouth 130-75,000 BP
Langebaan 117,000 BP
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Asia
100,000 BP
Quafzeh, Israel 90,000 BP
Diuktai, Russia 33,000 BP
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Europe
40,000 BP
Dolni-Vestonice 27,000 BP
Dordogne River 25 - 10,000 BP
Lascaux Cave 20,000 BP?
Altamira Cave 15 - 10,000 BP
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Peopling of Australia
possibly 100,000 BP
likely 50,000 BP
definitely 40,000 BP
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Australia

• Sunda Sahul

• watercraft?

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Australia
Willandra Lakes 37,000 BP
Devil's Lair 30 - 5,000 BP
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Peopling of Americas
possibly 30,000 BP
likely 20,000 BP
definitely 15,000 BP
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North South America
Kennewick, WA 20,000 BP?
Meadowcroft, PA 20,000 BP?
Monte Verde, Chile 14,000 BP
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Skeletal Anatomy
post-cranial skeleton
same as ours with same range of variability
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Skull

• cranial capacity 1250 - 1450 cc

• high, rounded cranium

• chin

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Upper Palaeolithic Technology
40,000 - 10,000 BP

• Increased Refinement

• Increased Diversity

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Increased Refinement
1 Blade Technology
2 Pressure Flaking / Retouch
3 Microlithic Technology
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Increased Refinement
Blade Technology

• pre-shaped core

• indirect percussion / punch technique

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Blade specialized flake

• longer than wide

• parallel sides

• increase efficiency

• decreased waste

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Increased Diversity

• more than 130 tool types

• composite tools

• tools for making tools

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• bone tools

• spear thrower or atlatl

• 2 in 1 tools

• microlithic tools

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Subsistence

• highly skilled hunters gatherers

• wide variety of resources

• fish other marine resources

• watercraft?

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Dwellings
more substantial permanent
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Social Organization
highly cooperative band organization based on
kinship
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Art
cave painting
Lascaux 20,000 BP
Altamira 15-10,000 BP
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Devil's Lair
30,000 - 5,000 BP
tool traditions extremely conservative
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Social - Cultural
highly complex social ceremonial life
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Paleo-Indians
12,000 - 10,000 BP

• Clovis Folsom

• fluted points

• big-game hunters

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Archaic
10,000 - 3,000 BP
broad-based foraging