Moving Beyond Local Solutions to Encroachment: A Regional Approach

1
Moving Beyond Local Solutions to Encroachment A
Regional Approach

• 2007 FPD Conference
• April 13, 2007
• Liz Drake, AICP
• Sarah Kackar, AICP

2
Agenda

• Define Encroachment and Challenges
• Case Studies DoD and Communities Addressing
  Encroachment
• Military Toolkit Key Elements to Consider in
  Partnering to Prevent Encroachment
• Resources for Further Information

3
Defining Encroachment

• Loss of mission capability due to any action,
  policy, or decision made outside the boundaries
  of an installation

4
Typical Encroachment Challenges

• Urban Development
• Airborne Noise
• Lighting
• Environmental Legislation/environmental
  degradation off of the installation
• Competition for Airspace and Range Use
• Competition for Frequency Spectrum
• BRAC Transformation/Modularity/Mission Growth

5
Why is Encroachment an Issue?

• Militarys ability to train for realistic
  conditions is compromised
• Potential impact of military operations on
  environmental resources
• Relationship between military and community
  both rely on each other

6
Levels of Action

• DoD
• Regional/state
• Community

7
DoD-Specific Efforts

• Long history of AICUZ and RAICUZ planning
• Service-level encroachment planning instructions
  and planning efforts
• Encroachment Control Program
• Encroachment Action Plans
• Compatible Use Buffer Program
• Service and DoD level Sustainable Range
  Initiatives to protect training ranges from
  encroachment
• Regional Environmental Coordinators
• Range Commander Councils

8
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Case Studies
• Fort Benning, GA
• Fort Campbell, TN/KY
• NAS Oceana
• NSA South Potomac

9
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Fort Benning, GA
• 184,000-acre US Army training installation in
  west-central Georgia and east-central Alabama
• Significant mission expansion due to BRAC
• Fort Benning is a priority conservation site in
  two Nature Conservancy ecoregional plans and is a
  regional center of biodiversity

10
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Other Partners
• Chattahoochee Valley Land Trust
• Georgia Land Trust
• Alabama Land Trust
• Alabama Forest Resource Center
• The Trust for Public Land
• Middle Chattahoochee River Watershed Steering
  Committee
• Valley Partnership Joint Development Authority

11
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment
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Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Fort Campbell, TN/KY
• 105,347 acre Army maneuver training installation
  in northwest Tennessee and southwest Kentucky
• The Nature Conservancy and Fort Campbell have
  initiated a long-term community-based grassland /
  shrubland ecosystem protection and restoration
  project

13
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Other Partners
• Quail Unlimited
• US Forest Service
• US Fish Wildlife
• Kentucky Division of Conservation
• Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency
• Greater Nashville Regional Council

14
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment
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Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Hampton Roads JLUS (Cities of Norfolk, Va Beach,
  and Chesapeake)
• Adopted in May 2005
• Major Recommendations
• Improved Communications / Public Education
  Programs
• Creation of Regional JLUS Committee
• Early Real Estate Disclosure
• Improved Sound Attenuation /Building Code
  Improvements
• Land Use Planning Recommendations Specific to
  Each Jurisdiction

16
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Impact Issues
• Residential Land Use in Virginia Beach
• gt75 dB 3,000 acres
• 70-75 dB 3,550 acres
• 65-70 dB 5,300 acres
• Total 11,850 acres (25 of total AICUZ land
  area)
• I/3 of City is covered by AICUZ
• APZ and AICUZ zones extend over Resort Area

17
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• 2005 BRAC Commission Requirements
• Establish zoning to meet AICUZ requirements in
  gt70 dB noise zones
• Establish legislation to condemn or purchase
  property in APZ Zone 1
• Provide state funding of 15 million for land
  acquisition
• Codify Hampton Roads JLUS recommendations
• Establish program to purchase development rights
  in Inter-facility Traffic Area between Oceana
  Fentress

18
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• State Actions
• Required sound attenuation measures for certain
  non-residential buildings
• Required real estate disclosure for residential
  and rental properties in noise zones gt 65dB and
  all accident potential zones
• Required zoning ordinances to follow Navy
  guidelines in noise zones gt 70 dB
• Granted eminent domain authority in noise zones gt
  70 dB

19
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Regional Actions
• Conservation Corridor System and Multiple
  Benefits Conservation Program Memorandum of
  Agreement
• Parcels within AICUZ
• Wetlands or designated wetland mitigation areas
• Wildlife habitat
• Headwaters of watershed
• Agricultural areas
• Lands with recreation, research or environmental
  education potential
• Willing sellers
• Initial grant application for 2,000,000 to
  purchase 300 acres in 2007-8
• Individual jurisdiction actions

20
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• NSA South Potomac
• Multi-installation mission spanning two states
• Associated with Potomac River Test Range
  over-water artillery test range
• Regular coordination with other DoD installations
  nearby for operational and communication issues
• Testing
• Community noise impacts
• EAP ongoing

21
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment

• Other Anticipated Partners
• Maryland Department of Natural Resources
• Virginia Department of Conservation and
  Recreation
• US Fish and Wildlife Service
• Local Land Trusts
• Trust for Public Land

22
Current DoD Efforts to Plan with Encroachment
23
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• Southeast Regional Partnership for Planning and
  Sustainability (SERPPAS)
• Long-term land use planning within multiple state
  regions guided by military mission
• Conserve and enhance access to land, air, water,
  and spectrum resources
• Identify initiatives that provide mutual mission
  support and serve multiple purposes for the
  partners
• Conduct joint planning to leverage scarce funding
  and other resources to provide multiple and
  mutual benefits to all partners.

24
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• SERPPAS Partners
• DoD and the Four Services
• Florida
• Georgia
• South Carolina
• North Carolina
• Alabama

25
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• State of Florida
• Florida Forever
• Florida Defense Alliance
• State Growth Management Act

26
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• Florida Forever
• The State of Florida has protected over 535,643
  acres of land with 1.8 billion in Florida
  Forever funds through December 2006

27
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• Florida Defense Alliance
• Created in 1998 by Enterprise Florida
• Serves as an overall advisory body for the
  states defense related activities
• Consists of representatives from each local base
  retention/re-use committee, local military base
  commanders, state agency liaisons, and other
  stakeholders

28
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• State Growth Management Act
• Requires each affected jurisdiction to consult
  with any nearby installation regarding proposed
  changes to the comprehensive plan and land
  development regulations
• Must amend their comprehensive plans to promote
  land use compatibility
• Must include a representative of a military
  installation as an ex officio, nonvoting member
  of the local government's land planning or zoning
  board

29
Regional/State Level Efforts/Partnerships

• State of Virginia and Maryland
• Virginia Regional Environmental Management System
• Statewide legislation
• Installations working across State lines and DoD
  services to protect military assets

30
Community Specific Efforts

• Becoming engaged in long-term military issues
• Revising land use regulation to accommodate
  training and testing requirements
• Partnering with trusts to protect land from
  future incompatible development

31
Military and Community Partnering Process

• Carrot vs. Stick Approach
• Encouraging compatible development
• Regional emphasis
• Private sector buy-in
• Anticipate and plan for regional growth
• Link compatibility planning to broader smart
  growth efforts
• Link land use recommendations to efforts to
  preserve viewsheds, agriculture, or natural areas

32
Military Toolkit Key Goals

• Protection of the military mission
• Enhanced efficiency across services
• Sustainability
• Maintenance of environmental quality
• Collaborative outlook
• Protection of individual property rights
• Overall quality of life

33
Military Toolkit Key Issues

• Resources
• Appropriate regulatory tools
• Public support
• Complexity of the current and projected military
  mission

34
Military Toolkit Key Partners

• Other state, regional entities (COGs, water
  management districts)
• Other DoD installations
• Non-profit conservation groups (Trust for Public
  Land, the Nature Conservancy)
• Agricultural industry
• Large landowners
• Real estate and development community

35
Military Toolkit Key Processes

• Share Information with local government
• Share information and partner with other DoD
• Conduct outreach to environmental community
• Create multi-entity conservation initiative
• Assess environmental/natural features

36
Military Toolkit Key Approvals for Acquisition
Partnering

• Establish Command support and prepare partnering
  proposal
• Military proposal documenting need for
  protection, potential partners, real estate
  information, etc
• Community developing relationships and seeking
  funding
• Submit service-specific documentation to HQ level
  for review and installation management level for
  approval
• Formalize agreements for partnering and execute

37
Military Toolkit Key Legislation

• Communication with local officials for land use
  actions/policies
• US and state legislators policy issues
• Required communication between military officials
  and local officials
• Growth management/comprehensive plan legislation
• Conservation or state areas of critical concerns
  that specifically recognize lands near military
  installations

38
Military Toolkit Key Recommendations

• Enhance communication with community
• Develop partnerships with non-DoD entities
• Encourage innovative land planning
• Acquire dedicated easements
• Strengthen state-level disclosure legislation

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Resources

• Defense Environmental Network and Information
  Exchange
• https//www.denix.osd.mil/
• Office of the Undersecretary of Defense
  Installations and Environment (DUSD IE)
• http//www.acq.osd.mil/ie/
• Environmental Council of the States
• http//www.ecos.org/section/sustainability_work_gr
  oup
• Army CUB program
• http//www.sustainability.army.mil/tools/programto
  ols_acub.cfm
• Navy EAP guidance
• http//neds.daps.dla.mil/Directives/1100020Facili
  ties20and20Land20Management20Ashore/11-0020Fa
  cilities20and20Activities20Ashore20Support/110
  10.40.pdf