Internet2 and the Health Sciences

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Internet2 and the Health Sciences

• Michael McGill
• Internet2

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Internet2 Background
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Why Internet2?

• The Internet was not designed for
• Millions of users
• Congestion
• Multimedia
• Real time interaction
• But, only the Internet can
• Accommodate explosive growth
• Enable convergence of information work, mass
  media, and human collaboration

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Why University Leadership?

• The Internet came from the academic community
• Stanford -- the Internet protocols
• NSFNet -- the scaled-up Internet
• CERN -- the WWW protocols
• University of Illinois -- the Web browser
• Research and education missions require an
  advanced Internet and universities have
  demonstrated they can develop it

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Internet2 Beginnings and Growth
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What we do

• We provide our members with an Advanced
  Networking Environment to use for research and
  education
• Abilene backbone
• Network research
• IPv6, Multicast
• End-to-End Performance Initiative
• Applications and Services e.g. Commons and
  InCommon
• Middleware
• Security

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What We Do

• We provide our members with an environment for
  partnerships and collaborations in advanced
  networking
• Among themselves and with faculty and research
  peers
• With other partners International, Federal
  agencies, K20 School networks, the Quilt
• Applications Collaborations high energy
  physicists, arts humanities, health science

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Internet2 Mission, Goals, Focus and Values
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Internet2 Mission and Goals

• Internet2 Mission
• Develop and deploy advanced network
  applications and technologies, accelerating the
  creation of tomorrows Internet.
• Internet2 Goals
• Enable new generation of applications
• Re-create leading edge RE network capability
• Transfer technology and experience to the global
  production Internet

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Internet2 Partnerships

• Internet2 fosters the partnerships and
  collaboration that spurred the development of the
  Internet.
• Academia
• Industry
• Government
• International

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Internet2 MembershipA Wealth of Diversity
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Internet2 Membership

• University
• United States institutions of higher education
• Corporate
• For-profit companies
• Affiliate
• Non-profit and other research or education
  organizations
• Association
• Non-profit, higher education associations with
  national or international scope
• http//members.internet2.edu/

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Internet2 Universities206 University Members,
September 2005
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Internet2 Corporate Members

• ADVA Optical Networking
• Advanced Infrastructure Ventures
• Apparent Networks
• Apple Computer, Inc.
• Avaya, Inc.
• Avici Systems
• Blackboard, Inc
• C-SPAN
• Ciena
• Comcast Cable
• Dell, Inc.
• EBSCO Information Services
• Eli Lilly and Company
• Fujitsu Laboratories of America
• Japan Telecom Co., LTD
• Johnson Johnson - Mountain View
• Johnson Johnson - Raritan
• Level 3 Communications
• LifeSize Communications

• Motion Picture Association of America
• Napster, LLC
• Nippon Telephone and Telegraph (NTT)
• Northrop Grumman Information Technology
• PaeTec Communications, Inc.
• Procket Networks
• Progress Software
• ProQuest Company
• Prous Science
• Recording Industry Association of America
• Red Hat Inc.
• Sprint
• Steelcase, Inc.
• Syntel, Inc.
• The Thomson Corporation
• VCON, Inc.
• Video Furnace, Inc.
• VoEx, Inc.
• Warner Bros.

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Internet2 Affiliate Members

• Altarum
• American Distance Education Consortium
• Association of Universities for Research in
  Astronomy (AURA)
• CENIC
• CERN
• Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia
• Cleveland Institute of Music
• Cleveland Museum of Art
• Desert Research Institute
• EDUCAUSE
• Food and Drug Administration
• Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• Indiana Higher Education Telecommunications
  System (IHETS)
• Internet Educational Equal Access Foundation
• Jet Propulsion Laboratory
• LaNet

• The Library of Congress
• Lonestar Education and Research Network (LEARN)
• Los Alamos National Laboratory
• Manhattan School of Music
• MCNC
• Merit Network, Inc.
• MOREnet
• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
• NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
• National Archives and Records Administration
• National Institutes of Health
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
  Washington, D.C.
• National Science Foundation
• New World Symphony
• NJEDge.Net
• NYSERNet, Inc.
• Oak Ridge National Laboratory

• OARnet
• OneNet
• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
• PeachNet
• Ruth Lilly Health Education Center
• Southeastern Universities Research Association
  (SURA)
• Southwest Research Institute
• TOPIX
• U.S. Census Bureau
• U.S. Dept. of Commerce Boulder Labs
• United States Holocaust Museum
• University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
• University of North Carolina, General
  Administration
• The World Bank

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Abilene Network Topology
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Abilene Community

• 239 Primary Participants
• Internet2 members across membership categories
• 130 Sponsored Participants
• Individual institutions, K-12 schools, museums,
  libraries, research institutes
• 34 Sponsored Educational Group Participants
• State-based education networks
• 38 Direct connectors
• 50 International MoU Partners
• http//abilene.internet2.edu/

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Advanced Networking Organizations around the
World
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Networks reachable via Abilene - by country
Last updated April 2005
Europe-Middle East
Americas
Asia-Pacific
Argentina (RETINA) Brazil (RNP2/ANSP) Canada
(CAnet) Chile (REUNA) Mexico (Red-CUDI) United
States (Abilene)Peru (RAAP) Venezuela
(REACCIUN-2)
Australia (AARNET) China (CERNET, CSTNET,
NSFCNET) Hong Kong (HARNET) Japan (SINET, WIDE,
JGN2) Korea (KOREN, KREONET2) Singapore
(SingAREN) Philippines (PREGINET) Taiwan (TANet2,
ASNet) Thailand (UNINET, ThaiSARN)
Austria (ACOnet) Belgium (BELNET) Croatia
(CARNet) Czech Rep. (CESNET) Cyprus
(CYNET) Denmark (Forskningsnettet) Estonia
(EENet) Finland (Funet) France (Renater) Germany
(G-WIN) Greece (GRNET) Hungary
(HUNGARNET) Iceland (RHnet) Ireland
(HEAnet) Israel (IUCC) Italy (GARR) Latvia
(LATNET) Lithuania (LITNET) Luxembourg (RESTENA)
Malta (Univ. Malta) Netherlands (SURFnet) Norway
(UNINETT) Poland (POL34) Portugal (RCTS2) Qatar
(Qatar FN) Romania (RoEduNet)Russia
(RBnet) Slovakia (SANET) Slovenia (ARNES) Spain
(RedIRIS) Sweden (SUNET) Switzerland
(SWITCH) United Kingdom (JANET) Turkey
(ULAKBYM) CERN
Central Asia
Africa
Algeria (CERIST) Egypt (EUN/ENSTIN) Morocco
(CNRST) Tunisia (RFR) South Africa (TENET)
Armenia (ARENA) Georgia (GRENA) Kazakhstan
(KAZRENA) Tajikistan (TARENA) Uzbekistan (UZSCI)
http//abilene.internet2.edu/peernetworks/interna
tional.html
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International connectivity
September 2005
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Networking 3D Space
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Map of Campus Upper and Core Middleware Land
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Core Middleware Scope(aka Identity Management
fcns)

• Identity and Identifiers namespaces, identifier
  crosswalks, real world levels of assurance, etc.
• Authentication campus technologies and
  policies, inter-realm interoperability via PKI,
  Kerberos, etc.
• Directories enterprise directory services
  architectures and tools, standard object classes,
  inter-realm and registry services
• Authorization permissions and access controls,
  delegation, privacy management, etc.
• Integration Activities open management tools,
  use of virtual, federated and hierarchical
  organizations, enabling common applications with
  core middleware

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Science and Engineering
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High Energy and Nuclear Physics (HENP)

• Physics has traditionally been one of the power
  users of all networks
• Physicists are generating Terabytes of data
  (1,000,000,000,000 or 1x1012) per experiment from
  the CERN lab in Switzerland
• Types of network usage
• Bulk data transfers that are extremely resistant
  to data loss.
• VRVS expects multicast and low-latency/jitter
  networks for effective video conferencing

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Arts Humanities
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Master Classes

• Active involvement
• Columbia University
• Manhattan School of Music
• Cleveland Institute of Music
• New World Symphony
• Curtis Institute of Music
• University of Michigan
• Eastman School of Music
• University of Oklahoma
• Florida State University
• Wayne State University
• Indiana University
• And many others

Michael Tilson Thomas
Pinchas Zukerman
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Health Sciences
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Healthcare Expectations
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The scope of the Internet2 Health Science
Initiative includes medical and related
biological research, education, and advances in
clinical practice.
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Key Health Science Members

• 111 Academic Medical Colleges (AAMC) and
• their medical centers
• 130 Health Science related colleges
• Public Health, Nursing, Dentistry, Pharmacy
• Affiliate Members
• NIH, NSF, NASA, NOAA
• Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• Pharmaceutical Companies
• JohnsonJohnson, Pfizer, Eli Lilly
• Industry
• Prous Science, Cisco, IBM, Microsoft, SUN,
  Polycom, Ford Motor Company

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CLINICAL Why Physicians Participate in Internet2

• Distributed data sharing
• Electronic Health Record
• National Health Initiatives (ONCHIT)
• Remote and Assisted Surgery
• Remote Instrumentation
• Real time access to remote images
• Collaboration independent of boundaries
• Geography Second Opinion Networks
• Time Learning Technology (Distance Education)
• Computation Knowledge Management
• New techniques and procedures
• Surgical Planning
• Digital Anatomy

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Educators Why Faculty Participate in Internet2

• Increasingly specialized information
• Access to expertise at remote locations
• Multiple learning modalities
• Access to resources not otherwise available

Dynamic charts
Second screen
lecture
Communal note taking
messaging
Slide courtesy Parvati Dev, Stanford University
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ResearchersWhy Scientists Participate in
Internet2

• Need for continually increasing bandwidth to
  support the increasingly finer resolution of data
  resources.
• To address policy issues such as the security and
  privacy requirements that must be met for the use
  of information that originates with or about a
  patient.
• To remove roadblocks as they confront the
  increasing need to collaborate across political
  (including state and federal government),
  academic, defense and security, and commercial
  boundaries.

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Biotech data's BIG BANG
It's like Moore's Law on steroids The total
volume of biological data worldwide, having
doubled every 18 months in recent years, is now
doubling every half a year to three months. And
this isn't a momentary spike, but a long-term
trend that may require new ways to measure,
analyze and mine biological databases.
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Health Science Grand Challenge
ltPerson-----Organ-----Tissue-----Cell-----Protein-
----Atomgt (1m) (10-3m)
(10-6m) (10-9m) (10-12m) (10-15m)
       Systems
models Continuum models (PDEs) ODEs
Stochastic models Pathway models Gene
networks  
 
 
Courtesy Peter Hunter, University of Auckland
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EACH BRAIN REPRESENTS A LOT OF DATA
Comparisons must be made across several image sets
Slide courtesy of Arthur Toga (UCLA)
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Time Needed to Move Brain Images Across the
Internet
Voxel size 1 µmImaging Technology Color
MRIData generated 4.5 Petabytes
1,062,925.17 weeks
56 Kbps Modem
59,523.8 weeks
Broadband Internet
181.7 weeks
Typical LAN
10.6 weeks
Current Internet2 Record (5.6 Gbps)
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Biomedical Informatics Research Network (BIRN)
Funded by NCRR/NIH Mark Ellisman, PhD,Univ.
California San Diego, SDSC www.nbirn.net
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BIRN Network Operations Center Standardized Site
Rack
24x7 Operations Monitoring
Internet 2
BIRN NOC Monitoring
UCSD/SDSC Network
NCRR

• Network Switch
• BIRN Statistics
• BIRN Network Probe
• Network Attached Storage
• Grid POP/ SRB, Globus
• General purpose ( e.g.., encryption)
• UPS for Rack

Cisco 4006
GB Switches
DL380 - Network Stats
BIRN Network Management
GigE Net Probe
N2400 NAS 1 - 10 TB
Gigabit Network Probes
Wired and Wireless
DL380 Grid POP
NOC Servers and Testers/Analyzers
DL380
Ultimately, Access from Anywhere to BIRN DATA
Everywhere
APC UPS
BIRN Site Rack
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NIH Roadmap nihroadmap.nih.gov

• What are todays most pressing scientific
  challenges?
• What are the roadblocks to progress and what must
  be done to overcome them?
• Which efforts are beyond the mandate of one or a
  fewbut are the responsibility of (NIH as) a
  whole?

E. Zerhouni, M.D.Director, National Institutes
of Health
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NIH Roadmap Implementation Themes

• New Pathways to Discovery
• Research Teams of the Future
• Reengineering Clinical Research Enterprise
• National Electronic Clinical Trials and Research
  Network (NECTAR)

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Research Team of the FutureCancer Biomedical
Informatics Grid

• Global Cancer Research Community
• Grid deployment to Cancer Centers
• Bioinformatics infrastructure
• Public data sources

Funded by NCI/NIH http//cabig.nci.nih.gov/ Dav
id States, MD, PhD
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NHII Vision
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Dreams Project
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Center for Surgical Innovation
Public Internet
Denver ISP Priority Networks
Sunnyvale ISP NextWeb
1.8 Mbps
1.8 Mbps
Denver Convention Center
Sunnyvale - Veterans Hospital

• ATA Demo April 2005
• No VLAN
• No QoS

Courtesy HaiVision
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Traditional vs. Robotic
Diagrams courtesy of Intuitive Surgical
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DARPA
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