EGYPT

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• EGYPT

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Vector Control in Egypt

• Dr Zeineb Yousef Dr Kamilia A.M. Allam
• Dr Tarek Eid Dr Mohamed Tawfeek

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Egypt

• The country can be divided according to its
  course into Nile delta, Nile valley in upper
  Egypt and Lake Nasser behind Aswan dam.
• Series of oasis are found in the western desert
  while Sinai peninsula is in the north east

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Vector Control Activities

• In Egypt Vector control operations are performed
  by the professional workers and staff of vector
  control units of Ministry of Public Health
  Population.
• Vector control activities are directed to the
  control of mosquitoes, sand flies, flies,
  cockroaches, fleas, scorpions and rodents.

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Vector Control Activities

• Vector control activities cover various methods
  included in Integrated Pest Management approach.
• Activities include environmental methods like
  filling breeding sites of mosquitoes, clearing
  water canals from vegetation and proper
  collection of wastes for flies and rodent
  control.

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Vector Control Activities

• Biological control is used for mosquito larvae as
  larvivorous fish and bacterial preparations.
• Legislations enforced at country borders and
  ports to prevent invasion of vectors to the
  country such as Anopheles gambia the malaria
  vector from Sudan.

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Vector Control Activities

• Two successful trials for Integrated Vectors
  Control were conducted by MOHP
• 1.In Hazzaniya and Gaafra villages of Qalyubia
  during 1988 1989.
• 2.In Azizia village of Giza during 1991 1994gt
• Both trials were done in co-operation with EMRO
  of WHO and with participation of the communities
  of these villages.

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Vector Control Activities

• A National plan for Integrated Vector Control
• Is being prepared and implemented.
• A national Committee for international convention
  dealing with hazardous substances and
  wastes(Basel,POPs,PIC).
• Hazardous substances Information and Management
  System is established.
• Chemical Safety unit in MOHP

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Vector Control Activities

• Chemical Control methods include
• 1.Residual spraying indoor and outdoor .
• 2.Space spraying (thermal fogging and ULV).
• 3.Larviciding, for mosquito and housefly control.
• 4.Dusting and baits for flies and cockroach
  according to the vector and its stage.
• 5.Introducing bed nets as prevention against
• mosquito transmitted diseases.

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Vector Control Activities

• Resistance of vectors to used insecticides is
  monitored by Research Institute of Medical
  Entomology of MOHP.
• Private pest control activities are regulated by
  Decree No. 268 of MOHP in 1986 to insure safe use
  of pesticide

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Pesticide Management

• Registration
• In Egypt registration of public health and
  household insecticides is subjected to the law of
  pharmaceuticals and is organized by the Minister
  of health decree No. 224 for the year 1996.
  Before that date, only handling permissions used
  to be issued for these pesticides.

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Pesticide Management

• Documents required
• 1. Application form from the drug policies and
• planning center of MOHP.
• 2. Registration and free sale certificate for the
  
• product from the country of origin.
• 3. WHO guidelines that approve using the
• product for public health or household
• purposes.

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Pesticide Management

• Registration procedure
• The application should be approved first by the
  subsidiary committee for pesticides.
• Samples of the product for laboratory and field
  tests are then presented.
• Biological tests include laboratory evaluation
  only for household products but for public health
  products laboratory evaluation and field trials
  should be conducted

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Pesticide Management

• 4. Registration approval from EPA if present.
• 5. Data sheet for the product including
• Details of its contents.
• Physical properties.
• Method of application.
• Comprehensive toxicological studies.
• Method of analysis.

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Pesticide Management

• On passing the various tests, the product will be
  presented to the registration committee for final
  approval and a registration number is issued.
• Registration is valid for five years after which
  the whole procedure should be repeated.
• Registration in Ministry of Agriculture is
  controlled by decree No. 719 of 2005.

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Obsolete Pesticides

• Basel and Stockholm conventions are strictly
  observed in collection, repacking, transport and
  storage of all known stockpiles.
• Old stock of expired or banned or disused
  pesticides are kept in a store set aside by
  Ministry of Agriculture awaiting proper disposal.

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Sectors collaboration

• High committee for Integrated Vector Control
  Program was created by MOHP Minister decree No.2
  of 2005 including representatives of Ministry of
  Agriculture, Ministry of Irrigation and water
  resources and Ministry of Environmental Affairs.

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Sectors collaboration

• The committee will work also as national
  intersectoral steering committee for GEF
  supported program of Integrated Vector
  Management.
• Higher pesticides committee is already exist
  between MOHP and Ministry of Agriculture for
  revising all used pesticides and approving new
  ones.

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Thank You