Title page of Hand, Abbott, and Davis report

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Title page of Hand, Abbott, and Davis report
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Photos of Hand, Abbott, and Davis
Donald P. Abbott Professor, Hopkins Marine
Station, Stanford University
John Davis Director, Hastings Natural History
Reservation, University of California, Berkeley
1982
Cadet Hand Director, Bodega Marine Laboratory,
University of California, Berkeley
1978
1985
3
Temperature change 1920-1995
Nearshore Sea Temperature at Hopkins Marine
Station 1920-1995
Sagarin et al., 1999. Ecol. Monogr. 69 465-490.
20
18
MAX
16
MEAN
14
Temperature (C)
12
MIN
10
Strong ENSO years
8
6
1920
1925
1930
1935
1940
1945
1950
1955
1960
1965
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
1947
Year
Note The increase in mean temperature is
approximately 0.75 degrees C
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Sea level change (from Luke Hunt Encyclopedia)
Average rate of increase 24 cm/100 years
ENSOs
1947
From Luke Hunt, Encyclopedia of Tidepools Rocky
Shores, 2007
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Sea level change (from Luke Hunt thesis)
Sea Level Rise During 20th Century in Monterey
Bay Monthly Mean Higher High Water
Average rate of increase 24 cm/100 years
ENSOs
1947
From Luke Hunt, Doctoral dissertation, Stanford
University, 2006
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Title page
At Snadrock
Repeat Hand-Abbott-Davis study 60 years later by
John S. Pearse, Devon E. Pearse, Vicki B.
Pearse July 2007 (and Fiona S. Pearse)
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Aerial photo of Hopkins
Hopkins Marine Station 1973
Snad Rock
Murphys Rock
High Rock
Hot Rock
Major direction of waves
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Drawings of sites
1947
2007
High Rock Most wave exposed
Hot Rock Next most wave exposed
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Drawings of sites
1947
2007
Murphys Rock Second least wave exposed
Snad Rock Least wave exposed
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Photos of main species
TWO PERIWINKLES - TWO LIMPETS -TWO BARNACLES
Littorina plena/scutulata
Lottia austrodigitalis/digitalis
Chthamalus dalli/fissus
Littorina keenae
Balanus glandula
Lottia scabra
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Cartoon of main species
Hand, Abbott, Davis 1947
Least wave exposed
Most wave exposed
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Distribution of L. austrodigitalis/digitalis 1947
Top
Top
Bottom
Not sampled
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Lottia
austrodigitalis/digitalis in 1947 (not enough
present at Snad Rock to analyze)
Median height
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Distribution of L. austrodigitalis/digitalis 1947
and 2007
Top
Top
Top
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Lottia
austrodigitalis/digitalis in 1947 and 2007 (not
enough present at Snad Rock to analyze)
14
Distribution of L. scabra 1947 and 2007
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Lottia scabra in 1947
and 2007
15
Distribution of C. dalli/fissus 1947 and 2007
Top
Top
Top
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Chthamalus dalli/fissus
in 1947 and 2007
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Distribution of B. glandula 1947 and 2007
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Balanus glandula in 1947
and 2007
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Distribution of L. keenae 1947 and 2007
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Littorina keenae in 1947
and 2007
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Distribution of C. plena/scutulata 1947 and 2007
Bottom
Bottom
Bottom
Vertical distribution of Littorina
scutulata/plena in 1947 and 2007
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Median height of main species
Periwinkles
Limpets
Barnacles
Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test P lt 0.05
Median Height
1947 gt 2007
1947 lt 2007
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Abundance of main species
Periwinkles
Limpets
Barnacles
Abundances on transects - all less in 2007 than
in 1947
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Photos of other species from lower down
Leaf barnacles, Owl limpets, Mussels, Chitons,
Pink acorn barnacles
Tetraclita rubescens
Lottia gigantea
Mytilus californianus
Pollicipes polymerus
Nuttallina californica (also Cyanoplax hartwegi)
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Abundance of other species
Other Species
Sea mussels
Hartwigs chitons
Nuttalls chitons
Nuttalls chitons
Leaf barnacles
Owl limpets
Pink acorn barnacles
Abundances - nearly all higher in 2007 All found
in lowest squares
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Rainbow on Murphys Rock

• Conclusions
• Over past 60 years
• Substantial shift upward of high
• intertidal animals, probably in
• response to rising sea level.
• 2. Substantial decrease in abundance
• of high intertidal animals over
• same period-- unknown reasons.

Murphys Rock
Photo taken from 183 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific
Grove
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Photos of Endocladia 1947 and 2005
Change in upper limit of Endocladia muricata at
Hopkins Marine Station, Monterey Bay
From Luke Hunt, Doctoral dissertation, Stanford
University, 2006
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Abrupt change in upper limit of Endocladia
Change in upper limit of the alga Endocladia
muricata from photographic records
Approximate rise in sea level
Abrupt change of 30cm Between 1962 and 1970
From Luke Hunt, Doctoral dissertation, Stanford
University, 2006
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Snadrock - where is that name from?
Professor Snadrock Mysterious sayings found
on blackboards at Hopkins Marine Station in 1950s
From Lights Manual 2nd and 3rd Editions See
Smith Light Manual 2007 p. xii
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Lights Manual with drawings
Third Edition1975
Second Edition 1954
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Scaphopod - snadrock
SNADROCK
Drawing of a living tusk shell at Friday Harbor,
by Ralph Smith. Lights Manual 2nd (1954) and
3rd (1975) editions.
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Books - Snadrock
Second Edition (1954)
Snadrock
Chapter head block Also for index in Third
Edition (1975)
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Preface - snadrock
Second Edition (1954) and for Preface in Third
Edition (1975)
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Who is Snadrock?
1947 1954 2007
So who was Snadrock??