Revolutions Iranian vs' Russian

1
RevolutionsIranian vs. Russian

• Ben Barrett

2
Time Period

• Iranian Revolution
• January 1978 to December 1979

• Russian Revolution
• 1917 (February Revolution and October Revolution)
  

3
Background

• Iranian Revolution
• The constitution adopted by the Pahlavi dynasty
  chose a specific form of Islam as the nations
  religion
• The people were forced to convert
• This snowball rolled down a large hill and it
  eventually turned into a revolution

• Russian Revolution
• The lower classes of the Russian people had
  become fed up with their negligent government and
  decided to change it
• Their rights were slowly being forgotten about,
  but they were not going to let them be completely
  neglected

4
Major Players in the Revolution

• Iranian Revolution
• The leader of the revolution was Ayatollah
  Ruhollah Khomeini
• The Shah in power before Khomeini took over was
  Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

• Russian Revolution
• The leader of the Bolshevik party was Vladimir
  Lenin
• The last Tsar to own the Russian thrown was
  Nicholas II

5
Large crowd of Khomeini followers
6
Picture of Vladimir Lenin
7
Causes Political

• Iranian Revolution
• The shah of Iran became to involved with America,
  most Muslims were displeased
• Tried to Westernize Iran

• Russian Revolution
• The Russian government had risen their status
  above those of the people, Nicholas was unaware
  of the needs of his people
• In fact, a British ambassador told Nicholas to
  tear down this barrier he had created

8
Causes Social

• Iranian Revolution
• The Shah focused on snuffing out several small
  groups that opposed him while a more popular
  group gained power and eventually overthrew him
• Khomeinis ability to sway public opinion

• Russian Revolution
• Growing urban areas in Russia gave way to a new
  social class, the Middle class
• The Middle class people of Russia felt they were
  being mistreated by the Tsar and his corrupted
  government

9
Causes Religious

• Iranian Revolution
• The Shah saw some Western countries as allies,
  which did not sit well the Islamic community
• Some of the Shahs policies and peoples of his
  court had become corrupt

• Russian Revolution
• Religion never played an important role in the
  revolution that took place

10
Causes Economic

• Iranian Revolution
• The Shahs failed economic program in 1974 ended
  with shortages and inflation

• Russian Revolution
• Inflation and food shortages helped fuel the fire
  that eventually became a revolution

11
Major Events Iranian Revolution

• First major demonstration against Shah in
  January 1978
• In May, a leading political advisor, Ayatollah
  Shariatmadari, joined the Revolution
• Shah appeals to U.S. for support
• By September, Shah declared martial law
• On January 16, 1979, the Shah left Iran
• On Feb. 1 1979, Khomeini reentered the country
  and began setting up his government

12
Major Events Russian Revolution

• March 11, 1917, several demonstrators were shot
  at Znamenskaya Square
• March 15, 1917, Nicholas II leaves the throne of
  Russia, Provisional Government takes over
• April 16, 1917, Lenin returns to Russia
• May 3rd-4th, Provisional Government fails
• May 18, 1917, First Coalition Government takes
  over
• Sep. 8, 1917, First Coalition Government fails
• Sep. 14, 1917, Russia is declared a republic
• October, 1917, Bolsheviks eventually gain full
  control of Russia

13
Results Short term

• Iranian Revolution
• Provisional Revolutionary Government is
  established, in which Khomeini appointed Bazargan
  as the Prime Minister
• Iran becomes an Islamic Republic
• Iran sparks revolutions in other Islamic
  countries
• Iraq invades Iran to try and stifle the
  revolution

• Russian Revolution
• Vladimir Lenin takes over and sets up soviet
  democracy
• The Royal family is executed
• Counter revolutionaries forces strengthen
• Civil war followed Lenins take over, millions of
  Russians were killed

14
Results Long Term

• Iranian Revolution
• Many other Islamic groups copied the Iranians and
  tried to start revolutions in their countries,
  but all of them failed
• The revolution is also responsible for supporting
  groups such as the Hezbollah and Supreme Council
  for the Islamic Revolution in Iraq

• Russian Revolution
• Sparked many other revolutions, but none were
  able to keep power
• Formed the U.S.S.R., which the laid the
  foundation for modern Russia

15
Similarities

• Each revolution had one man at the forefront who
  was in charge, Khomeini in Iran and Lenin in
  Russia
• Both of the governments that were overthrown were
  negligent of their people
• Both Khomeini and Lenin succeeded in overthrowing
  the governments in power in a short amount of
  time
• Both revolutions sparked other revolutions around
  the world

16
Differences

• The motivation behind the Iranian Revolution was
  mainly religion, while the Russian Revolution was
  driven by differing political views
• The Islamic Republic faced some opposition, but
  never had to fight a civil war Lenin was forced
  to fight a civil war against counter
  revolutionaries

17
Works Cited

• http//en.wikipedia.org
• http//www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSmarchR.htm
  
• http//www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/w
  orks/1924/12.htm
• http//www.iranchamber.com/history/islamic_revolut
  ion/islamic_revolution.php