CGS 1000

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CGS 1000

• Introduction to Computers and Technology
• Summer 2007

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Topics

• Quiz
• Chapter 2
• Class Activity
• Word

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Quiz

• Collection of computers and devices connected
  together
• Online
• Internet
• Network
• Hardware
• A series of instructions that tells the computer
  what to do
• Program
• Software
• Both
• None of the above
• Web Browser is an example of
• System Software
• Operating System
• Utility Program
• Application software
• A special-purpose computer that functions as a
  component in a larger product
• Personal Computer
• Laptop
• Embedded Computer

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Chapter 2

• The Internet and World Wide Web

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Objectives

1. Explain how to access and connect to the Internet
2. Explain how to view pages and search for
   information on the Web
3. Describe the types of Web sites
4. Identify the steps required for Web publishing
5. Describe the types of e-commerce
6. Explain how e-mail, FTP, newsgroups and message
   boards, mailing lists, chat rooms, Instant
   messaging, and Internet telephony work
7. Identify the rules of netiquette

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Internet

• Worldwide collection of networks that connects
  millions of businesses, government agencies,
  educational institutions, and individuals.
• More than 1 billion users

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Internet Services
Chat
Chat
Web
Email
Internet Telephony
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How did the Internet originate?

• A Networking project started by an agency of US
  Dept. of Defense
• Goal
• To build a network that allowed scientists at
  different locations to share information
• To function if part of network were disabled
• Name ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency
• Became functional September 1969

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• How has the Internet grown?

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Who controls the Internet?

• No one- it is a public, cooperative,
  andindependent network
• Several organizations set standards

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• How can you connect to the Internet?

• High-speed connection

• Slow-speed technology

• Dial-up accessmodem in your computer uses a
  standard telephone line to connect to the
  Internet

Digital subscriber line (DSL), cable telephone
Internet services (CATV), cable modem,fixed
wireless, and satellite modems
Connection is always onwhenever the computer
is running
Connection must be established each time you log
on. Slow but inexpensive
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What are ways to access the Internet?

• ISP (Internet Service Provider), regional or
  national.
• E.g. Earthlink, ATT
• OSP (Online Service Provider)
• E.g. MSN, AOL
• WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider)
• E.g.T-Mobile, Cingular, Verizon

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How data travels?
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• What is a domain name?

• Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address
• Number that uniquely identifies each computer or
  device connected to Internet

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What is a Web browser?

• Program that allows you to view Web pages

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How does a Web browser display a home page?
Step 3.The Web browser communicates with the
ISPs server to retrieve the IP address. The IP
address is sent to your computer.
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The World Wide Web

• What is a home page?
• The first page that a Web site displays
• Often provides connections to other Web pages
• What is downloading?
• The process of a computer receiving information
• Depending upon connection speed, downloading can
  take from a few seconds to several minutes

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The World Wide Web

• What is a URL?
• Uniform Resource Locator
• Unique address for a Web page
• What is a hyperlink?
• Built-in connection to another related Web page
  location
• Item found elsewhere on same Web page
• Different Web page at same Web site
• Web page at a different Web site

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The World Wide Web

• How can you recognize links?
• Pointer changes to a small hand when you point to
  a link
• A link can be text or an image
• Text links are usually underlined and in a
  different color

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The World Wide Web

• What is a search
• engine?
• Program used to find
• Web sites and
• Web pages by
• entering words or
• phrases called search
• text.

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The World Wide Web

• What is a subject directory?
• Search tool with organized set of topics and
  subtopics
• Lets you find information by clicking links
  rather than entering keywords

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The World Wide Web

• What are the eleven basic types of Web sites?
• Portal
• News
• Informational
• Business/Marketing
• Educational
• Entertainment
• Advocacy
• Blog
• Wiki
• Content Aggregator
• Personal

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The World Wide Web

• Portal
• Website that offers variety of Internet services
  from a single convenient location.
• Like search engine, news, sports, weather etc,
  web publishing services, shopping, email, maps
  etc
• AOL, Yahoo!, Lycos, MSN etc

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The World Wide Web

• News
• Website contains newsworthy material.
• Like current affairs, news, weather, sports etc
• CNN, Fox News

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The World Wide Web

• Informational
• Website contains factual information.
• Like Govt. Agencies etc
• IRS,

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The World Wide Web

• Business/Marketing
• Website contains content that promotes or sells
  products or services.
• Private companies
• Amazon

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The World Wide Web

• Educational
• Website offers avenues for formal informal
  teaching learning opportunities.
• Universities, Online Learning
• HCC

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The World Wide Web

• Entertainment
• Website offers interactive engaging
  environment.
• Like music, videos, sports, games
• Shockwave.com

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The World Wide Web

• Advocacy
• Website contains content that describes a cause,
  opinion or idea.
• Of a particular group or association

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The World Wide Web

• Blog
• Short for Web Log.
• Informal website consisting of time-stamped
  articles or posts in a diary or journal format.
• Lists opinions, interests of author.

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The World Wide Web

• Wiki
• Collaborative web site that allows users to add,
  modify or delete content.
• Popular one is Wikipedia.

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The World Wide Web

• Content Aggregator
• Business that gathers organizes content then
  distributes or feeds to subscribers for free or a
  fee.
• Technology is RSS (Really simple Syndication)
• Major news, stocks websites.

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The World Wide Web

• Personal
• Private individual or family not associated with
  any organization.
• Contains personal information, pictures etc

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The World Wide Web

• Guidelines for evaluating the value of a website
• Affiliation A reputable institution should
  support the website without bias in information
• Audience should be written at an appropriate
  level.
• Authority list author appropriate credentials
• Content well organized links should work
• Currency information is current
• Design pages should download quickly, look is
  pleasing easy to navigate
• Objectivity little advertisement free of
  preconceptions

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The World Wide Web

• Multimedia
• Application integrating text with other elements
  like
• Graphics,
• Animation,
• Audio,
• Video,
• Virtual reality
• Plug-ins

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The World Wide Web

• Graphic
• Digital representation of non-text information
  such as drawing, chart, photograph. Different
  formats
• JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) .jpg,
  .jpeg, .jpe, .jfif
• GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) .gif works
  best for images with few distinct colors.
• Thumbnail small version of a larger image used
  to improve web page display time.

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The World Wide Web

• Animation
• Appearance of motion created by displaying a
  series of still images in sequence.
• Audio
• Music, speech, or any other sound
• Individual compressed sound files that you
  download from the Web to your computer
• Common Web audio file formats are AA, AAC, AIFF,
  ASF, MP3, WAV, WMA, RA, and QT

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The World Wide Web

• Streaming Audio
• Transfers data in a continuous and even flow.
• Enables you to listen to the sound as it
  downloads to your computer
• Radio stations use streaming audio to broadcast
  over the Web

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The World Wide Web

• Video
• Consists of full-motion images with soundplayed
  back at various speeds
• MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) is popular
  video compression standard

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The World Wide Web

• Virtual Reality
• Use of computers to simulate real or imagined
  environment
• Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space
• Used for games and many practical applications

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The World Wide Web

• Plug-ins
• Programs that extend the capability of a browser
• You can download many plug-ins at no cost from
  various Web sites

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Web Publishing
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E-Commerce

• Electronic Commerce
• Business transaction that occurs over the
  Internet
• 3 types
• B2C (Business-to-consumer)
• C2C (Consumer-to-consumer)
• B2B (Business-to-business)

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E-Commerce

• B2C
• Sale of goods services to general public
• E.g. Dell
• C2C
• One consumer sells directly to another.
• Online auction
• E.g. eBay
• B2B
• Businesses provide goods services to other
  businesses
• Online advertising, recruiting, training

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Other internet services

• Email
• Electronic mail
• The transmission of messages and files via a
  computer network
• Messages can consist of simple text or can
  contain attachments, such as documents, graphics,
  or audio/video clips
• Internet access providers usually provide an
  e-mail program

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How does an e-mail message travel?
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Other internet services

• FTP
• File Transfer Protocol
• Internet standard that permits you to upload and
  download files with other computers on the
  Internet
• Newsgroup
• Online area where users discuss a particular
  subject
• Message Boards
• Web based discussion group

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Other internet services

• Mailing List
• Group of e-mail addresses given a single name
• When a message is sent to the mailing list,
  everyone on the list receives the message
• Chat
• Real-time typed conversation that takes place on
  a computer
• Chat room is location on server that permits
  users to discuss topics of interest

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Other internet services

• Instant Messaging
• A real-time Internet communications service that
  notifies you when one or more people are online
  and allows you to exchange messages or files
• Internet Telephony
• Enables users to speak to other users over the
  Internet using their computer

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Netiquette

• Internet etiquette
• Code of acceptable behaviors users should follow
  while on the Internet
• Golden Rule Treat others as you would like them
  to treat you.

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Chapter Summary
History and structure of the Internet
Newsgroups and Message Boards
Chat Rooms and Instant Messaging
The World Wide Web
Internet Telephony
E-Mail
FTP
Netiquette
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Questions?