Check this out

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Check this outOPTIONSa Democracy! kinda

• Option Essay due Mon graded group EU activity
  TBD Monday and Tuesday in lieu of quiz

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The European Union
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Trivia!

• What is the EUs anthem?
• Ode to Joy

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Member States (NATO members in bold Recent
Additions Italicized)

• Austria
• Belgium
• Bulgaria
• Cyprus
• Czech Rep.
• Denmark
• Estonia
• Finland
• France
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Ireland
• Italy
• Latvia
• Lithuania
• Luxembourg
• Malta
• Netherlands

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In the most basic sense, what is the EU?

• A Supranational Organization (a) has powers
  that its member states do not have because they
  surrendered those powers to it (b) may enact
  rules that preempt the laws and regulations of
  its member states and (c) can grant rights and
  privileges to the nationals of its member states,
  which those nationals may directly invoke- from
  http//www.law.berkeley.edu/library/classes/iflr/b
  asicsguide.html

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I agree, that was hardly basicso.

• Federation of European states - Roskin
• A political and economic union (Wikipedia!
  Wait, what? Seriously Mr. Kors?)
• A market-state Roskin
• Quasi-federation Roskin (how many things can
  this bum call it?)
• A powerful but still-changing union of states
  that lacks true legitimacy and the force of law
  but still has tremendous economic and political
  influence on Europe and the world Me

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Supranationalism

• Why does Roskin say quasi-federalism
• Because members join voluntarily and submit to
  rules in CERTAIN AREAS OF POLICY
• Thus they retain measures of their sovereignty
  and can opt out
• This is different from a true Federal State, like
  the United States, where member states have not
  chosen to be members, and cannot opt out
• Nevertheless, member-states can exert tremendous
  pressure on one another

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Among a Bagrillion Other Things It

• Has begun to create a single market aka common
  market aka ECONOMIC REGION WHERE TRADE, PEOPLE
  AND STUFF MOVE FREELY WITHOUT GREAT REGIONAL
  RESTRICTION
• Has begun to establish a common currency
• Has begun to affect foreign policy through its
  collective influences
• Has developed many bodies within itself that
  handle regional issues without needing all
  members approval
• It has also involved itself with International
  Organizations, which are not to be confused with
  Supranational Organizations

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It is controversial and fascinating because...

• It is young, like a kid, and kids are
  fascinating, hilarious, nosy, bribable, really
  really sweet sometimes, cute, weird, gross,
  lovable, and above all, FREQUENTLY CHANGING, and
  what happens to them when they are young has a
  powerful effect on the rest of their lives
• Also, it is redefining the very notion of the
  Europe of yore, especially with regards to the
  idea of sovereignty, and (like kids again),
  totally bears the indelible mark of a changing,
  globalized, technological world

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How do you get in?

• The European Council (more on them later)
  decides, based on some critical basics
• - Meet the Copenhagen Criteria, a longwinded
  set of ideas which can be safely summarized (or
  as many Europeans would say, summarised) as
  having a) a functioning, relatively
  consolidated democracy (this is a wide open
  notion, kind of like the idea of Congress), b)
  the rule of law, c) human rights, d) a
  functioning market economy among other things
• - Willingness to submit to the laws of the EU
  (clearly laws do not include things like the
  Euro, otherwise the UK would be .breakin the
  law breakin the law (to the tune of the Judas
  Priest hit.yeah)
• - Knowin the password

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Turkeys Troubles

• Turkey makes little progress towards EU dream
• December 16, 2008 Associated Press
• ?As political distractions go, the court case to
  close down Turkey's ruling Justice and
  Development Party (AKP) was up there with the
  biggest. Ever since the Constitutional Court, in
  a case called by the party's political opponents,
  decided in July not to close down the AKP,
  momentum toward joining the EU seems to have
  stalled. In September, the EU issued its progress
  report on Turkey's membership bid. For supporters
  of Turkish membership it was depressing
  reading.The report lists in detail the areas
  where Turkey has failed to move no progress on
  lifting immunity of parliamentarians no progress
  on strengthening parliamentary oversight over
  public expenditure limited progress in the area
  of anti-corruption no progress on ensuring
  cultural diversity and failure to adequately
  monitor legal changes designed to stop torture.
  "Despite its strong political mandate, the
  government did not put forward a consistent and
  comprehensive program of political reforms," the
  report said.

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Why does this exist (in a broad, conceptual
sense)?

• Forces that shaped and shape 20th and 21st
  century foreign policy
• Collective Security
• Globalization
• A changed Europe

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Why does this exist? (In a not broad,
not-conceptual, reality based sense)

• Post World War I II 1950s realities
• Europe in political, structural, and economic
  shambles
• Ravaged by nationalism, shifty alliances, and the
  prospects of a nuclear universe
• The Wilsonian post-WWI vision, sorta

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Treaties and Agreements

• The power and influence of the EU has been held
  together historically by treaties and agreements,
  which are notoriously tricky things involving
  (pre 1960s) fancy square rooms and (1960s and
  onward) fancy circular rooms and logos, as
  evidenced by the forthcoming montageRemember,
  when you see rooms like this, think complicated
  international agreements and words with
  Euro-English spellings like Programme and
  Organisation

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The European Coal and Steel Community

• 1951
• Between France, Germany, Italy, and the Benelux
• Logic You need coal and steel to make war. If
  we create a common market for these things with
  common rules, it will discourage (and literally
  make impossible) war
• More subtle logic Neutralize nationalist impulses

Diplomacy loves fancy rooms
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Is it getting Cold in here or is it just me?

• Treaties of Rome 1957
• European Economic Community
• Economic Integration
• European Atomic Energy Community
• Total Cold War style name share in the
  development of nuclear power

Big Paintings A Big Deal
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The European Community

• Together these form what is called the European
  Community community being one of the pillars of
  the EU
• Bring on the circles

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The Three Pillars

• The Three Pillars were formally established by
  the 1992-3 Maastricht Treaty, which essentially
  established the official modern incarnation of
  the European Union, focused around 3 basic
  principles, or pillars
• The growth of circular official rooms!! --gt

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Community

• Single market
• Euro
• Healthcare
• Immigration
• The Schengen Agreements Reduced border
  controlsthis has caused no shortage of
  controversy

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Foreign Policy and Security

• Democracy
• Foreign Aid
• Peacekeeping
• Human Rights
• Battlegroup of the European Union! 1000 combat
  troops from various member states, directed by
  the European Council
• And Lo! The earth will shake with the battle cry
  of the EU battle group! Sound the thunderous
  horn of supranational might! Stiffen thine
  belts, for the furious fist or European will is
  gonna own your face off!!!
• Shakespeare

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Policing and Cooperating Courts

• Trafficking (human in particular)
• Terrorism
• Weapons and Drug smuggling
• Customs

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Ok, so finally how does this beast actually
function?

• European Parliament
• Council of the European Union
• European Commission
• The Court of Justice
• The Court of Auditors
• European Investment Bank
• European Council

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European Parliament - LEG

• Directly elected by citizens of member countries
• Elections every 5 years
• Meets in Strasbourg monthly
• Works with Council of the EU to pass laws and
  approve the budget
• Assents to intl agreements
• Stacked up by population like the US House o
  Reps. It is FPTP/ SMD

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Council of the European Union - LEG

• EUs main decision-making body
• Member states run it for six months at a time
• One minister from each member country attends
  each meeting
• Uses qualified majority voting break down of
  majorities in each member country added together
• Votes for each member state based on population

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European Commission - EXEC

• Currently presided over by Portugal (Jose Manuel
  Barroso) Serves 5 years Appointed by
  agreement between member states
• Proposes laws
• Enforces treaties
• Oversight of dough
• Independent of the member states meets in
  Brussels
• Assisted by a vast civil service
• Analogous to the US Executive branch, in all of
  its octopus-like fanfare

The building itself kinda says it all,
doesnt it?
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European Council - EXEC

• Currently presided over by Nikolas Sarkozy
• Settles the difficult issues
• Meets every four years
• Initiates new policies
• The order of things