Title: Curators Office
1 Women at Work
Women at Home
Curators Office
The Changing Role of Women
2Mrs. Wakefield
- I have taught Social Studies for the past 11
years and enjoying challenging my students.
Technology is an important part of learning today
therefore, you will be creating one of these in
class soon!!
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3 Return to Entrance
4Women at Home
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5 Return to Entrance
6Orphans and homelessness
- Mothers, both married and unmarried, unable to
care for infants, often left then on the steps of
hospitals. Since the mid 19th c., abandoned
children in NYC has been sent west to become
adopted by new families. This program was called
the orphan train, after the trains that moved
west carrying children to their new adoptive
families. Up to 90,000 children were sent west
by the time the program ended in the 1920s.
Often this was the only one option for women to
care for their children as economic conditions
led to homelessness.
http//2.bp.blogspot.com/_473nrD5vEv8/R0dD39NtxmI/
AAAAAAAAAKc/NnVWSwppGMM/s400/Homeless-Mother-Child
-and.jpg
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7Womens fashion
- The 1920s saw the emergence of three major
women's fashion magazines Vogue, The Queen, and
Harper's Bazaar. Vogue was first published in
1892, but its up-to-date fashion information did
not have a marked impact on women's desires for
fashionable garments until the 20's. These
magazines provided mass exposure for popular
styles and fashions.
http//pro.corbis.com
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8Changing fashion of women
- The feminine liberation movement had a strong
effect on women's fashions. Most importantly, the
corset was discarded! For the first time in
centuries, women's legs were seen. A more
masculine look became popular, including
flattened breasts and hips, and bobbed hair.
During the early 1920s, waistlines were at the
waist, but were loose and not fitted. Women wore
suits with long hemlines and somewhat full
skirts, often with belts at the waist of the
jackets. Dress and suit bodices alike were worn
loose, even baggy.
http//www.primarysourcelearning.org/teach/lq/013/
images/flapper.jpg
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9Grandma helps out
- Grandparents step in to help with the children
during the war while women enter the workforce in
greater numbers. After the war, they gained the
vote, and other measures of legal and political
equality. Slowly a greater variety of jobs
became open to them. People began to accept the
idea that a woman could pursue a career separate
from her role as a wife and mother.
http//pro.corbis.com/images/42-20041921.jpg?size
67uid7B663F37CE-B33E-46D6-BEB1-FF3909DFC16E7D
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10Making their mark in aviation
- 1921 - Adrienne Bolland is the first woman to fly
over the Andes - 1921 - Bessie Coleman becomes the first African
American, male or female, to earn a pilot's
license - 1922 - Lillian Gatlin is the first woman to fly
across America as a passenger - 1928 - June 17 - Amelia Earhart is the first
woman to fly across the Atlantic -- Lou Gordon
and Wilmer Stultz did most of the flying - 1929 - August - first Women's Air Derby is held,
and Louise Thaden wins, Gladys O'Donnell takes
second place and Amelia Earhart takes third - 1929 - Florence Lowe Barnes - Pancho Barnes -
becomes the first woman stunt pilot in motion
pictures (in "Hell's Angels") - 1929 - Amelia Earhart becomes the first president
of the Ninety-Nines, an organization of women
pilots.
http//pro.corbis.com/images/42-20041450.jpg?size
67uid7BC48FF18B-44A8-4A15-B13E-02550178FF0C7D
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11Uniforms in the factory
- Women who did find jobs, got paid very low
salaries compared to men, and got very few hours.
They were able to find jobs as school teachers,
or in factories if they were lucky.
http//users.ox.ac.uk/peter/workhouse/misc/LeedsW
omen.jpg
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12Women in Film
- In the 20s, women in film sat at the top of the
food chain with nary a shark bite, occupying
niches equal in the hierarchy with men. In the
years 1912 to 1920, female stars controlled about
twenty film companies. Women often worked as film
editors and cinematographers. The female stars
of short films often managed their own production
companies and wrote, produced, and directed the
films in which they starred.
http//www.vintageperiods.com/
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13Women in the workplace
- Between 1910 and 1920, Connecticut experienced a
19.9 percent growth in the number of women
employed with a concurrent population increase of
23.9 percent, and a growth of 19.8 percent in the
entire work force. However, it is clear that the
increased number of women in the work force did
not expand disproportionately with the growth in
population. It is also true that the women
workers did not take over many skilled or high
paying male jobs.
http//www.old-picture.com/american-history-1900-1
930s/pictures/Typing-Woman.jpg
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14Women in the kitchen
- The availability of natural gas and electricity
to homes brought about changes. Most city
dwellers would have had electricity by the
1920's, but rural farm homes would still be using
kerosene lamps for light, a wood stove for
cooking or perhaps a kerosene stove like the one
on the right hand wall here in the display. Gas
stoves and a wood icebox would have been found in
the city.
http//pro.corbis.com/images/42-20042055.jpg?size
67uid7B29AF38A6-BC4D-426D-AE94-78429C6925717D
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15Womens clothing
- Women shed the heavy, cumbersome clothing.
Skirts no longer brushed the ground some even
rose above the knees. A typical womans dress in
1928 had seven yards of cloth compared with
nineteen at the beginning of the century.
http//www.laportecountyhistory.org/images/20'sfas
hion1a.jpg
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16Hairstyles and Cosmetics
- In the 1920s, the bob was the in hairstyle
hair was cut about mid-neck length and then
curled with curling irons, or set into a
permanent wave. - Cosmetics like lipstick, eye liner, and face
powder emerged for the first time. Unfortunately
the science did not catch up with the demand and
in the early years cosmetics used toxic
chemicals, which could cause burns or scars.
http//www.ohiohistorycentral.org/images/1081.jpg
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17Getting the important information
- An invention, which soon after became a popular
fad, is the radio. Because of no invention of the
TV, the radio was their TV. And, it really did do
pretty much everything the TV does for us. If you
tuned in at the right time, you could catch
comedy shows, news, live events, jazz, variety
shows, drama, opera, you name it, the radio had
it!
http//www.vintageperiods.com/sites/Phenderson/_fi
les/Image/520Radio(10).jpg
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18New styles in swimwear
- Although there were plenty of rule-breakers,
men's and women's swimsuits remained cumbersome
overall until late in the 1920s. Mimicking
streamlined '20s fashion, women's swimsuits
became tighter sleeveless tank-style suits that
stopped mid-thigh.
http//www.vintageperiods.com/flappers.php
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19Political activism
- In August 1920, the Nineteenth Amendment to the
US Constitution achieved ratification by the
required number of states and became law. It had
taken more than seventy years of determined
effort starting with the first organized womens
rights conference, at Seneca Falls, NY.
http//pro.corbis.com/images/BE044702.jpg?size67
uid7B281C9966-B26A-4123-85BB-D1BBF3F578E67D
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20Flappers of the 20s
- The flapper was the heroine of the Jazz Age. With
short hair and a short skirt, with turned-down
hose and powdered knees - the flapper must have
seemed to her mother like a rebel. The typical
flapper was a young women who was often thought
of as a little fast and maybe even a little
brazen. Mostly, the flapper offended the older
generation because she defied conventions of
acceptable feminine behavior. The flapper was
"modern." Traditionally, women's hair had always
been worn long. The flapper wore it short, or
bobbed and she used make-up. The flapper wore
baggy dresses which often exposed her arms as
well as her legs from the knees down.
http//www.alc.co.jp/clubalc/haiku/photo/haiku/546
.jpg
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21Women and shopping
- The early twentieth centuries were the age of the
independent mom-and-pop store. As residents moved
into the suburbs created by the new street
railways and railroads, small family-run stores
sprang up to meet their needs. These new
groceries, meat markets, vegetable stands, and
bakeries typically reflected the ethnic
demographics of the neighborhood. It was the
womens job to do the daily shopping.
http//pro.corbis.com/images/42-20042101.jpg?size
67uid7B3AECAC3E-5C33-45E0-8458-65D97B9975707D
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22- http//www.geocities.com/flapper_culture/
- http//www.murrayontravel.com/carolnolan/fashionhi
story_1920ladies.html - http//womenshistory.about.com/od/aviationpilots/a
/av_timeline.htm - http//www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1981/ct
history/81.ch.07.x.htmld - http//www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/5
54.html - Life and Times in 20th Century America series 1
and 2 - David, Shannon Between the Wars America 1919
1941 2nd edition, 1979 - Kallen, Stuart A. (ed.) The Roaring Twenties
2002 - Time Life Books The Fabulous Century Vol. III,
1969