Advanced Battery Technology

1
Advanced Battery Technology

• Presidents Council of Advisors on Science and
  Technology
• George Washington University
• March 28, 2006
• Ross Dueber
• President CEO
• ross.dueber_at_zmp.com

2
Primary Growth Drivers For Advanced Battery
Development

• Increasing demand for portability and mobility
• Communications
• Computing
• Entertainment
• Transportation
• Need for advanced energy storage systems with
  high energy and power density
• Hybrid electric vehicles
• High quality/secure power
• Renewable energy sources

3
Battery Technology Two Centuries Of Progress
ZMP Ag-Zn
Smaller Size
Li-Ion
Ni- MH
Ni-Cd
Lead- Acid
Lighter Weight
Source Tarascon
4
2005 World Battery Market Sales - 55B Annually
Specialty
Lithium-Ion
Rechargeable
7
Lead-Acid
18
Ni-MH
7
34
68
59
7
Ni-Cd
Non-rechargeable
Sources Salkind, Tarascon, and Takeshita
5
Forecast On The Global Notebook PC MarketNote
the Projection Growth!
Source Intel
6
New Growth Markets Increasing Battery Size And
Energy Output
Power Tools
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Sources Avicenne and Takeshita
7
Silver-Zinc Rechargeable Battery Technology

• Theoretical volumetric, energy density (Wh/l) is
  2X that of Li-ion
• Powers notebook PC for 8 hours on a single charge
  within the same space as the existing battery
• Previously used only in specialty applications
  (military, aerospace, and broadcasting) due to
  short cycle life
• Issues with zinc electrode and separator
• Cost
• Currently available silver-zinc technology is 40
  years old
• Has not benefited from advancements in materials
  science
• Zinc Matrix Power is applying those advancements
• Advanced polymers
• Nano-technology
• Power electronics

8
The Zinc Matrix Power Approach To Ag-Zn
9
As We Push The Limits Of Current Lithium Battery
Technology, Safety Becomes More Critical
Lithium Battery Recalls Plague the Industry. Risk
Increases As We Scale In Size.
10
Outcome Of Catastrophic Battery Failure
11
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What Government Can Do To Support Advanced
Battery Development

• Advanced battery development is very time
  consuming and expensive
• Funding basic and advanced research and
  development through DOE, DOD, NASA, and DOT
• 95 of Li-ion batteries are made in Asia by
  companies of Asian origin
• Dedicated program to reestablish U.S. as a world
  leader in advanced rechargeable batteries
• Dont put all of our eggs in the Lithium battery
  basket
• Support development of alternative technologies,
  like silver-zinc, that can deliver both high
  energy and safety

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Summary

• Tremendous demand for better batteries exists
  today and into the future
• Creative companies, like Zinc Matrix Power, are
  working to meet that demand
• The time horizon to commercialization is long and
  expensive
• Key is for government and industry to keep the
  pipeline full in order to meet the demand