Oracle%20on%20Linux%20Installation%20for%20Non-DBAs

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Oracle on Linux Installation for Non-DBAs
Sheryl Calish Blue Heron Consulting Paper 36684
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Introduction

• Linux Installation
• Oracle Installation
• Most Recently
• Oracle 9i (Release 2) on SuSE 8.0 (kernel 2.4.18)
• Past installs
• Oracle 9i on SuSE 7.2 (kernel 2.4.4)
• Oracle 8.1.7 on Red Hat 6.2 (kernel 2.2.16)

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Linux Installation

• Hardware and System Considerations
• Linux distributions
• How to prepare for a Linux installation

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Oracle Installation

• Preparation tasks
• Reported installation issues
• Recommendations for novices

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Hardware and System Considerations

• To check for compatibility with Linux and Xfree86
• To ensure proper configuration of your system
• To enable others to help you, if something goes
  wrong

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Component Information

• Monitor make, model, manufacture, horizontal
  and vertical scan rate for each resolution
• Video Card make, chipset, model number and VRAM
• Sound Card make, chipset, and model number

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More Components

• Memory amount of RAM
• Oracle 9i requires 512MB minimum
• Mouse type, protocol and number of buttons
• Modem type and port number
• CD-ROM interface type
• SCSI Adapter make and model number
• Paper 36684

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Hard Disk Requirements

• Hard Drive(s) number, size and type
• Oracle 9i space requirements
• 3.5 GB for database software (typical not
  customized installation)
• 1.0 GB for seed database
• 1.0 GB for swap space

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System Information

• Network Information IP address, netmask, gateway
  IP address, one or more server IP addresses,
  domain name, organization name
• Hostname name of your computer
• Partitions default or map of planned partitions
  and mount points

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Which Distribution?

• United Linux SuSE Linux, Turbolinux, Conectiva,
  The SCOgroup (Caldera)
• Red Hat
• Mandrake
• Debian

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Certified for 9iR2

• Red Hat 2.1 Advanced Server
• SLES7 and SLES8

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Certified for 9i

• SLES7
• SuSE 7.1 and 7.2 (RAC)
• Red Hat 7.1 (RAC)
• Caldera OU8
• Paper 36684

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Certified for 8.1.7

• SLES7 SuSE 7.1 and 7.2
• Red Hat 2.1 AS Red Hat 7.1
• Caldera OU8

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Shrink Windows Partition

• Partition Magic
• FIPS
• GNU Parted
• YAST2

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Partitioning Rationale

• "Partitioning Your Hard Drive"
  www.newriders.com/debian/html/noframes/node15
• "4.3 Partitioning Hard Drives(s)"
  www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/lame/LAME/linux-admin-made-ea
  sy/install-partitioning

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Optimal Flexible Architecture

• Four separate mount points
• /u01, /u02, /u03, /u04
• each in its own partition

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Two References

• "Tips for Installing and Configuring Oracle9i
  Database on Red Hat Linux", from OracleWorld 2003
• "Installation Instructions for Oracle 9i Release
  2 (9.2.0.x) on United Linux 1.0 based Linux
  systems", from www.suse.com/oracle

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My Current Partition Table

• Filesystem Size Used Avail Use Mounted on
• /dev/hda1 2.2G /windows/C
• /dev/hda2 Extended
• /dev/hda5 14M 3.7M 9.8M 28 /boot
• /dev/hda6 4.0G 2.1G 1.9G 52 /
• /dev/hda7 1.0G /swap
• /dev/hda8 6.0G 3.8G 2.2G 64 /opt
• /dev/hda9 915M 349M 566M 39 /home

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Previous Partition Table

• Filesystem Size Used Avail Use Mounted
  on
• /dev/hda6 1.9G 212M 1.5G 12 /
• /dev/hda11 758M 5.0M 714M 1 /home
• /dev/hda10 4.2G 3.7G 324M 92 /opt
• /dev/hda12 243M 13k 230M 1 /u02
• /dev/hda13 243M 13k 230M 1 /u03
• /dev/hda7 1.2G 828M 324M 72 /usr
• /dev/hda8 243M 41M 189M 18 /usr/local
• Paper 36684

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Swap Space

• Oracle 9i installation requires swap space to be
  equal to physical memory or 1GB, whichever is
  greater
• A temporary swap file can be used

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Run Linux Installer

• Follow the documentation for your distribution
• Check with your Linux distribution for the latest
  updates and patches

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Prepare for Oracle Installation

• Make sure appropriate software is installed
• Create the database administrator groups
• Create the Oracle user
• Create mount points
• Modify kernel parameters
• Set environment variables

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Required Software

• rpm -q k_deflt
• gt k_deflt-2.4.18-58
• rpm -q glibc
• gt glibc-2.2.5-158
• rpm -q binutils
• gt binutils-2.11.920.10-89

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More Required Software

• rpm -q gilbc-locale
• gtglibc-locale-2.2.5-177
• rpm -q make
• gtmake-3.79.1-292
• rpm -q gcc
• gtgcc-2.95.3

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Database Administrator Groups

• As root
• From menu in SuSE
• System -gt Configuration -gt Create group
• From command line
• groupadd oinstall
• groupadd dba
• groupadd oper
• Paper 36684

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Create Oracle user

• As root
• From menu in SuSE
• System -gt Configuration -gt Create user
• From command line
• useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba,oper

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Mount Points

• If you did not create the partitions for these
  you can create the mount points now, then,
• As root, change ownership
• chown oracle.dba /opt/oracle (or /u01)
• OR
• chown oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle
• chmod 775 /opt/oracle (or /u01)
• Run the same command for /u02, /u03, /u04

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Kernel Parameters

• Oracle documentation warns of possible
  installation or production problems if the
  settings are insufficient
• SHMMAX

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Environment Variables

• As oracle user
• Three sources
• 1) Oracle Metalink
• 2) www.puschitz.com/OracleOnLinux
• 3)orarun9i.rpm (run as root)

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orarun9i.rpm

• can be downloaded from SuSE
• sets up most environment variables in
  /etc/profile.d/oracle.sh
• sets kernel parameters
• sets up automatic startup/shutdown of Oracle
• look at /usr/share/doc/packages/orarun9i/README

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New orarun

• For SLES8 and SuSE 8.1 use
• orarun-1.4-2-SL80_81.noarch.rpm
• Major difference is location of
• /etc/profile.d/oracle.csh
• has been moved to
• /etc/sysconfig/oracle
• Paper 36684

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Oracle9i RHL Run Package

• Available from GURU LABS www.gurulabs.com/download
  s.html
• Based on orarun9i.rpm from SuSE modified to work
  with Red Hat

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Functions of RHL Run

• Provides
• /etc/init.d/oracle
• /etc/profile.d/oracle/shchs (requires edits)
• /etc/sysconfig/oracle (requires edits)
• /usr/share/doc/oraclerun9i-1.4/INSTALL

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Temporary swapfile

• become the root user
• su -
• create a 1GB file (or any value for "count")
• dd if/dev/zero of/swapfile bs1k count1048576
• make it a swapfile
• mkswap /swapfile
• activate
• swapon /swapfile

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Run Oracle Installer

• Oracle 9iR2 installation took 45 minutes with
  512MB and 1GB of swap space
• Oracle 9iR1 installation took 1 hour with 512MB
  and 658MB of swap space
• Oracle 8.1.7 installation took 15 minutes with
  512MB of RAM and 1GB of swap space

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Start Oracle

• linuxpromptgt sqlplus /nolog
• SQLgt connect / as sysdba
• SQLgt startup

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Install Cleanup

• In order to run Oracle Installer after an
  incomplete install
• From www.puschitz.comrm
• rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc /etc/oratab
  (/tmp/OraInstall ?)
• rm -rf ORACLE_BASE/ /tmp/ltother_Oracle_owned_fil
  esgt
• Paper 36684

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Installation Issue 1

• Issue Inability to access another program after
  Oracle installation
• Solution Add PATH before you enter other path
  variables

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PATH Example

• Instead of
• PATH/bin/usr/bin/usr/sbin/etc/opt/bin/usr/cc
  s/bin/usr/openwin/bin/opt/local/GNU/bin
• Enter PATHPATH/bin/usr/bin/usr/sbin/etc/op
  t/bin/usr/ccs/bin/usr/openwin/bin/opt/local/GNU
  /bin

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Installation Issue 2

• Issue Incompatibilities between some versions of
  Oracle and glibc or binutils of some versions of
  Linux
• Examples
• Red Hat 7.0 and Oracle 8.1.7 have a glibc issue
• Red Hat 7.1/7.2/7.3, AS 2.1 and Oracle 9iR1 have
  a binutil issue
• Sun JDK 1.3.1 and SuSE 7.2 have a glibc issue

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9iR2 and Red Hat 8.0

• From www.puschitz.com/OracleOnLinux
• "Error in invoking target install of makefile
  /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk"
• Edit ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/env_ctx.mk and go to
  "INSO_LINK ", add a "(LDLIBFLAG)dl" to the line
  and save it.

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9iR2 and SuSE 8.0

• From suse-oracle mailing list
• "Error in invoking target ntcrontab.o of
  makefile /opt/oracle/product/oracle/network/lib/i
  ns_int_client.mk"

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9iR2 on SuSE 8.0 (con't)

• First solution
• Edit the file ORACLE_HOME/sysliblist
• add the following to the existing line
  
• -L/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-suse-linux/2.95.3 -lgcc
• the line becomes something like this
  
• -L/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-suse-linux/2.95.3 -lgcc
  -ldl -lm -lpthread
• Paper 36684

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9iR2 on SuSE 8.0

• Second solution
• look in ORACLE_HOME/install/make.log for linker
  errors (eg. lack of the library clntsh. (ld
  reports cannot find -lclntsh)
• go to ORACLE_HOME/bin and run the command
  'genclntsh' (as user oracle)

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Installation Issue 3

• Issue Some have reported that the Installer
  hangs during installation
• Enter unset LANG
• Then run Oracle Universal Installer

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Installation Issue 4

• Issue Mounting and unmounting cdrom
• Run Oracle Universal Installer as Oracle user
• From Oracle user directory
• mount /media/cdrom
• /media/cdrom/oracle9i/runInstaller
• unmount /media/cdrom
• DO NOT cd to cdrom directory to ./runInstaller!

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Recommendations

• Decide on the version of Oracle you want to
  install and work backward.
• Choose the version of the Linux distribution with
  the same binutils and glibc as the certified
  version.
• Oracle 9iR2 reported to install smoothly on Red
  Hat 7.3, 8.0, SuSE 8.0, 8.1 and 8.2.
• Check that your hardware and system components
  are supported by your chosen Linux distribution
  -especially for Xfree86.

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Resources

• Oracle Metalink
• Linux Forum at www.oracle.com/forums
  
• SuSE www.suse.com/oracle
  
• Listserve groups
• SuSE-oracle
• oracle-on-linux_at_yahoogroups.com

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Contact InformationSheryl CalishBlue Heron
Consultingscalish_at_earthlink.netPaper 36684
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