Role of ISPs

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Role of ISPs i-economy Development

• Dr. Nii Quaynor
• quaynor_at_ghana.com
• www.ghana.com

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What is an ISP?

• Information Services
• Community
• Environment (context)

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Bearer Services

• Information Transport
• Infrastructure
• Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
• Applications

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Multimedia creates Bandwidth Demand

• competition for the wire will change both the
  Telco AND the ISP industries
• Aggregation in the ISP sector
• Trimming done in the Telco sector
• Telco Supplies up to Level 3 of Stack
• competes on Level 4 and above
• ISP competes from Level 3 and up

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ISP
Telco
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ISP Functions
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Generic ISP Profile
Upstream ISP
Web Proxy
Modem Bank
Web Proxy
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Development Needs

• Individual Access
• Organisational Needs
• Communication
• Banking Services
• Distance Learning
• e-Commerce
• Industrial Development
• (software development, cultural content, design
  centres)

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Needs Characterization

• Streaming - realtime
• Demand
• Interactive
• (affordability, performance, reliability,
  security, services)

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ISP Opportunities

• In a rapidly expanding market, the initial market
  entrant is the small player with high flexibility
  - larger players take more time to react to new
  market opportunities

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The ISPs view of the Telco

• miscommunication or malice?

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The ISPs view of the Telco

• Critical path supplier
• Incoming calls
• ISDN primary rate accesses
• Digital circuits
• Upstream Wholesale IP

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The ISPs view of the Telco

• competitor
• larger
• more capital
• more staff
• customer relationships
• billing capability
• larger network
• cheaper

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Telco Services to ISPs

• circuit provider
• and
• call termination provider
• and
• Upstream wholesale ISP
• Single service interface ?

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The ISP view of the Telco

• dissatisfaction
• suspicion
• forced relationship
• gorilla competitor

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The ideal ISPs Telco

• good, fast, accurate, cheap
• fast service provisioning
• wide portfolio of data services
• low prices
• high quality
• high service accuracy
• non-competitive retail services

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The Telco view

• confused

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The Telco view of the ISP

• under-capitalized
• poor service quality
• poor business foundation
• limited role
• limited future
• distracting competitor

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The Telco view

• ISPs are a potential revenue stream
• call revenue
• services revenue
• circuit revenue
• wholesale IP revenue
• In a competitive carrier world this market cannot
  be ignored

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ISP - Telco Relationship

• No need for Tension - smart partners in
  Information economy development
• Telco is ISPs bestfriend (negotiation)
• ISP buy Telcom Infrastructure Services
• ISP to Sell IP IT Technical Services to Telco

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ISP - Government Relationship

• Expect Policy Directions from Government
• Government Drives Industry through Policies
• Regulator to Regulate Infrastructure
• Cannot Regulate Information Carrier
• Internet Globally Self-Regulating (minimal local
  regulation)

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Telephony Broadcasting

• Internet Telephony is the domain of Licensed
  Telcos
• Broadcasting ( on air ) is domain of Licensed
  Broadcasting Stations
• ISPs maybe Carriers of Broadcasting and Telephony
  (by agreement with Licensees)

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Network Computer Systems

• Founded in 1988
• Has 75 Employees (incl. 51 Engineers)
• IT areas
• Computer Science Research
• product sales/support, Intelligent Buildings
• SoftwareDevelopment/Export
• Operate Networks/Telecoms
• Integration, Consulting and Training

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Major Users of the NCS Network
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• Affordability

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Price Curve
100
of Subs
50
8/95
4/96
8/96
12/96
9600bps
128kbps
256kbps
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• Performability

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Bandwidth Utilization Over Time

• Need to monitor bandwidth.
• Avoid link saturation performance degradation.
• Plan purchase of additional bandwidth
• MRTG is a freely available tool used to monitor
  bandwidth utilization.

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Bandwidth Utilization Over Time
International Circuit Bandwidth Utilization
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Http Traffic to local domains
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Http traffic to local domains
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Dial-in Numbers In Use Over Time
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Peak-to-Sustained Ratio
Average Peak-to-Sustained Ratio 2.01
Average Bandwidth Utilization 745.07 kb/s
Maximum Bandwidth 2048 kb/s
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Services

• Admit all Information Services
• Video/Audio Streaming
• VOIP
• Info-Access .
• Admit all Human Interfaces
• Net TV, Mobile, PCs ..
• Application Services
• Web, others

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Social Responsibilities

• Leadership
• Youth Induction
• Interacting with Telcos
• Interacting with ISPs
• Industrial Development
• Serving the Community
• Under-Privileged

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Major Findings

• Overall systems response time ok for subscribers
• Peak-to-Sustained ratio ok, we have not reached
  saturation point yet- effective bandwidth is 30
  more available
• Response time from major sites increases with
  demand for bandwidth.
• When system is loaded with requests we see a
  slight degradation in performance