EXPRESSWAYS

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CHAPTER 11

• EXPRESSWAYS

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CHAPTER 11

• 11.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF EXPRESSWAY DRIVING
• 11.2 ENTERING AN EXPRESSWAY
• 11.3 STRATEGIES FOR DRIVING ON EXPRESSWAYS
• 11.4 EXITING EXPRESSWAYS
• 11.5 SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

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ADVANTAGES OF EXPRESSWAYS
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FEWER COLLISIONS BECAUSE 1. NO CROSS
TRAFFIC 2. MEDIAN OR BARRIER
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FEWER COLLISIONS BECAUSESIGNS HELP DRIVERS
ANTICIPATE
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FEWER COLLISIONS BECAUSE
WIDE UNDERPASSES
WIDE SHOULDERS
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NON MOTORIZED VEHICLES NOT ALLOWED
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TYPES OF INTERCHANGES
DIAMOND
CLOVERLEAF
TRUMPET
ALL DIRECTIONAL
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SAFE DRIVING STRATEGIES

• PREPARING YOURSELF AND YOUR VEHICLE

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SAFE DRIVING STRATEGIES

• BUILD EXPERIENCE GRADUALLY

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SAFE DRIVING STRATEGIES

• CONCENTRATE ON DRIVING TASK

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SAFE DRIVING STRATEGIES

• COOPERATE WITH OTHER DRIVERS

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ENTERING AN EXPRESSWAY
ENTRANCE RAMP
ACCELERATION LANE
MERGING AREA
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STEPS FOR ENTERING

• MAKE SURE CORRECT ENTRANCE

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• LOOK AHEAD FOR A GAP
• ACCELERATE GRADUALLY
• DECIDE WHICH GAP

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• SMOOTH LANE CHANGE AT PROPER SPEED!
• CANCEL SIGNAL AND ADJUST

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PROBLEMS WHILE ENTERING

• DRIVER BACKING UP ON ENTRANCE RAMP

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PROBLEMS WHILE ENTERING

• SIGNALS AND LIGHTS ON RAMP
• DESIGNED TO CONTROL THE FLOW OF TRAFFIC ENTERING
  EXPRESSWAY

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PROBLEMS WHILE ENTERING

• RUSH HOUR LARGE NUMBER OF VEHICLES ENTERING
• MAKE AN EFFORT TO ENTER WITHOUT STOPPING

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IF YOU CANNOT ENTER TRAFFIC AND MUST STOP

• FLASH BRAKE LIGHTS EARLY
• PULL ONTO SHOULDER AT END OF ACCELERATION LANE
• WAIT FOR A LARGE SAFE GAP
• SIGNAL AND ACCELERATE QUICKLY TO JOIN TRAFFIC
  FLOW

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MERGING PROBLEMS

• YOU MAY HAVE TO ACCELERATE OR BRAKE QUICKLY TO
  FIT INTO A GAP
• BE PREPARED TO SELECT ANOTHER GAP IF YOUR CLOSES
  QUICKLY

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LEFT SIDE ENTRANCE RAMPS

• SINCE THE LEFT LANE IS USUALLY THE HIGH SPEED
  LANE, IF ENTERING FROM THE LEFT BE PREPARED FOR
  FASTER TRAFFIC AND QUICKER LANE CHANGE.

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STRATEGIES FOR DRIVING AN EXPRESSWAYS

• IDENTIFY
• VOLUME OF TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SIGNALS
• ROADWAY MARKINGS
• CLOSED AND OPEN ZONES
• NEVER ALLOW YOURSELF TO BE TRAPPED!

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STRATEGIES FOR DRIVING AN EXPRESSWAYS

• PREDICT
• SUDDEN CHANGES IN SPEED AHEAD
• DRIVERS CHANGING LANES QUICKLY
• POINTS OF CONFLICT
• PARKED VEHICLES ENTERING QUICKLY

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STRATEGIES FOR DRIVING ON EXPRESSWAYS

• DECIDE
• FASTER DRIVING MEANS QUICKER DECISION
• OPEN ZONES VARY OFTEN
• OPEN ZONES CLOSE QUICKLY

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STRATEGIES FOR DRIVING AN EXPRESSWAYS

• EXECUTE
• EXECUTE SMOOTH DECISIONS
• AVOID SUDDEN MOVES
• SIGNAL EARLY
• MAINTAIN SAFE FOLLOWING DISTANCE

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LANE CHOICE

• LARGE VEHICLES AND TRUCKS REQUIRED TO DRIVE IN
  RIGHT LANES
• LET TRAFFIC DICTATE WHICH LANE TO USE
• LEFT LANE IS FOR PASSING
• CENTER LANE IS FOR CRUISING
• RIGHT LANE IS FOR EXITING AND ENTERING

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SIGNALS, SIGNS, AND ROADWAY MARKINGS

• KNOW YOUR DESTINATION
• READ SIGNS AND ROADWAY MARKINGS
• ALWAYS THINK AHEAD

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SPEED LIMITS

• MINIMUM SPEED LIMIT KEEPS TRAFFIC FROM MOVING
  TOO SLOWLY
• COMMON SPEED THE SPEED USED BY MOST DRIVERS
• WOLF PACKS BUNCHES OF VEHICLES MOVING TOGETHER

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FOLLOWING DISTANCE

• INCREASE YOUR FOLLOWING DISTANCE TO AT LEAST 4
  SECONDS WHEN CONDITIONS ARE LESS THAN IDEAL
• BEING TAILGATED
• DRIVING A HEAVY VEHICLE OR PULLING A TRAILER
• OPERATING A MOTORCYCLE
• ENTERING OR EXITING

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• FOLLOWING A MOTORCYCLE

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• BAD WEATHER OR ROAD CONDITIONS

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• FOLLOWING LARGE VEHICLE

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BLIND SPOTS

• CHECK OFTEN FOR CARS THAT MAY BE PREPARING TO
  PASS YOU

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LANE CHANGING

• CHANGE ONE LANE AT A TIME, SIGNAL EACH ONE
• CHECK MIRRORS AND BLIND SPOT
• WHEN CLEAR, ACCELERATE GENTLY AND MOVE
• CANCEL SIGNAL

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PASSING A SLOWER VEHICLE

• USE SIGNALS AND CONSTANTLY CHECK TRAFFIC WHILE
  CHANGING LANES
• REMEMBER YOU MUST BE ABLE TO SEE HEADLIGHTS OF
  VEHICLE IN REAR VIEW MIRROR BEFORE MOVING IN
  FRONT OF THEM

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EXITING EXPRESSWAYS

• DECELERATION LANE
• LEADS TO
• EXIT RAMP
• ADJUST TO RAMP SPEED

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EXITING PROBLEMS

• CROSSING PATHS
• RAMP OVERFLOW
• SHORT DECELERATION LANE

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• HIGHWAY HYPNOSIS
• BEING LULLED INTO AN INATTENTIVE OR DROWSY STATE.

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• FALL ASLEEP COLLISIONS
• SLEEPINESS IS A PREVENTABLE CAUSE OF COLLISIONS

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• VELOCITATION
• BEING FOOLED BY HOURS OF DRIVING INTO BELEIVING
  THAT YOUR VEHICLE IS TRAVELING SLOWER THAN IT
  REALLY IS
• ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS AROUND EXIT RAMPS

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• EXPRESSWAYS THROUGH CITIES
• AVOID RUSH HOURS, TRY AND TAKE ALTERNATE OR
  BYPASS ROUTES

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• DISABLED VEHICLE
• IF PASSING SLOW AND MOVE TO LEFT TO GIVE
  VEHICLE ROOM

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• DISABLED VEHICLE
• IF ITS YOU
• MAKES SURE YOU HAVE ROOM
• SIGNAL RIGHT
• MOVE TO SHOULDER, AS FAR AWAY FROM TRAFFIC AS
  POSSIBLE
• GET EVERYONE OUT AND AWAY FROM TRAFFIC
• TURN ON EMERGENCY FLASHERS
• CALL FOR HELP
• IF IT IS SAFE, THEN GET EVERYONE BACK INTO
  VEHICLE AND LOCK ALL DOORS
• ASK ANYONE WHO STOPS TO HELP YOU TO GO CALL FOR
  HELP
• DO NOT STAND IN EXPRESSWAY OR IN DIRECT TRAFFIC

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• CONSTRUCTION
• BE AWARE OF CONSTRUCTION AND OBEY POSTED SPEED
  LIMITS

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SPECIAL EXPRESSWAY PROBLEMS

• TOLL BOOTHS
• BE PREPARED TO STOP
• HAVE PASSENGER HELP WITH MONEY

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