Revise for GCSE Humanities: The 1950s

1
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
This is the fourth of nine revision
topics. America and the Cold War America in the
1950s Affluent Society Black Americans in the
1950s Kennedy and the New Frontier Civil Rights
to Black Power Defeat in Vietnam Cold War to
Détente Nixon and Watergate How to use this
Revision Presentation. The Presentation is
divided into five sections. Spend about 10
minutes revising each section. Write Revision
Notes, label them clearly and keep them all in
one place. Return to this Presentation often to
help embed your learning.
2
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
There are five sections to this topic. Problems
facing Kennedy The New Frontier The Berlin
Wall Cuban Missiles Crisis Judging JFK Spend
about 10 minutes revising each section. Write
Revision Notes, title them clearly and keep them
all in one place.
3
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the five sections of the
topic. When you have finished, move on
to the next page. Pause Now!
4
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier

• Check you learning.
• Problems facing Kennedy
• The New Frontier
• The Berlin Wall
• Cuban Missiles Crisis
• Judging JFK
• Move on to the next section on the problems
  facing Kennedy in 1960.

5
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Copy these Revision Notes Problems facing Kennedy
in 1960 Racial inequality and civil
rights Womens rights and young people Poverty
Communism When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
6
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the notes from memory Problems facing
Kennedy in 1960 Racial inequality and civil
rights Womens rights and young people Poverty
Communism When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
7
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Check your learning Problems facing Kennedy in
1960 Racial inequality and civil
rights Womens rights and young people Poverty
Communism When you have finished, move on to
the next page.
8
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Copy these Revision Notes The New Frontier JFK
(John Fitzgerald Kennedy) was a Democrat
President. JFK had great personal charm and
charisma. He promised Americans New Frontier
reforms. The New Frontier was to deal with
poverty, civil rights and the communist
threat. Racial inequality and civil rights JFK
was unable to do much due to opposition from
Senate and Congress. Womens Rights and young
people JFK was popular with these groups, but
he did little to help them. Poverty JFK
increased the minimum wage and social security
benefits to help the poor. Failed to introduce
free medical care or better housing for the
poor. JFKs death helped his successor, Lyndon
Baines Johnson (LBJ) to implement his plans for
social reform, known as the Great
Society. . When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
9
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the Revision Notes from memory The New
Frontier JFK (John Fitzgerald Kennedy) was a
Democrat President. JFK had great personal charm
and charisma. He promised Americans New
Frontier reforms. The New Frontier was to deal
with poverty, civil rights and the communist
threat. Racial inequality and civil rights JFK
was unable to do much due to opposition from
Senate and Congress. Womens Rights and young
people JFK was popular with these groups, but
he did little to help them. Poverty JFK
increased the minimum wage and social security
benefits to help the poor. Failed to introduce
free medical care or better housing for the
poor. JFKs death helped his successor, Lyndon
Baines Johnson (LBJ) to implement his plans for
social reform, known as the Great
Society. . When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
10
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Read the full Revision Notes The New
Frontier JFK (John Fitzgerald Kennedy) was a
Democrat President. JFK had great personal charm
and charisma. He promised Americans New
Frontier reforms. The New Frontier was to deal
with poverty, civil rights and the communist
threat. Racial inequality and civil rights JFK
was unable to do much due to opposition from
Senate and Congress. Womens Rights and young
people JFK was popular with these groups, but
he did little to help them. Poverty JFK
increased the minimum wage and social security
benefits to help the poor. Failed to introduce
free medical care or better housing for the
poor. JFKs death helped his successor, Lyndon
Baines Johnson (LBJ) to implement his plans for
social reform, known as the Great
Society. . When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
11
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Check your learning by writing out Revision Notes
from memory The New Frontier JFK (John
Fitzgerald Kennedy) was a Democrat President. JFK
had great personal charm and charisma. He
promised Americans New Frontier reforms. The
New Frontier was to deal with poverty, civil
rights and the communist threat. Racial
inequality and civil rights JFK was unable to
do much due to opposition from Senate and
Congress. Womens Rights and young people JFK
was popular with these groups, but he did little
to help them. Poverty JFK increased the
minimum wage and social security benefits to help
the poor. Failed to introduce free medical care
or better housing for the poor. JFKs death
helped his successor, Lyndon Baines Johnson (LBJ)
to implement his plans for social reform, known
as the Great Society. . When you have finished,
move on to the next page on Berlin. Pause Now!
12
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Copy these Revision Notes The Berlin Wall In
1945 Berlin had been divided. The Soviets wanted
to control of West Berlin as its prosperity was
an embarrassment. The Soviets claimed that West
Berlin was used to spy on the communist east.
Thousands of skilled East Germans used West
Berlin to escape to West Germany. Vienna Summit
Khrushchev said that the whole of Berlin should
be communist. JFK mobilises extra troops and
says that the freedom of all of Europe is at
stake. In 1961 Khrushchev orders the building of
the Berlin Wall, which ringed West Berlin.
Divided the city, East and West Berliners could
not visit the other part of the city. Escapees
from the east were shot by border guards. June
1963 JFK visits Berlin to reinforce US
determination not to back down. 1989 the opening
of the Wall marked the end of the Cold War. When
you have finished, move on to the next page.
Pause Now!
13
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the Revision Notes from memory The
Berlin Wall In 1945 Berlin had been divided.
The Soviets wanted to control of West Berlin as
its prosperity was an embarrassment. The Soviets
claimed that West Berlin was used to spy on the
communist east. Thousands of skilled East
Germans used West Berlin to escape to West
Germany. Vienna Summit Khrushchev said that the
whole of Berlin should be communist. JFK
mobilises extra troops and says that the freedom
of all of Europe is at stake. In 1961 Khrushchev
orders the building of the Berlin Wall, which
ringed West Berlin. Divided the city, East and
West Berliners could not visit the other part of
the city. Escapees from the east were shot by
border guards. June 1963 JFK visits Berlin to
reinforce US determination not to back down.
1989 the opening of the Wall marked the end of
the Cold War. When you have finished, move on to
the next page. Pause Now!
14
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Read the full Revision Notes The Berlin Wall In
1945 Berlin had been divided. The Soviets wanted
to control of West Berlin as its prosperity was
an embarrassment. The Soviets claimed that West
Berlin was used to spy on the communist east.
Thousands of skilled East Germans used West
Berlin to escape to West Germany. Vienna Summit
Khrushchev said that the whole of Berlin should
be communist. JFK mobilises extra troops and
says that the freedom of all of Europe is at
stake. In 1961 Khrushchev orders the building of
the Berlin Wall, which ringed West Berlin.
Divided the city, East and West Berliners could
not visit the other part of the city. Escapees
from the east were shot by border guards. June
1963 JFK visits Berlin to reinforce US
determination not to back down. 1989 the opening
of the Wall marked the end of the Cold War. When
you have finished, move on to the next page.
Pause Now!
15
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the Revision Notes again, from
memory The Berlin Wall In 1945 Berlin had been
divided. The Soviets wanted to control of West
Berlin as its prosperity was an embarrassment.
The Soviets claimed that West Berlin was used to
spy on the communist east. Thousands of skilled
East Germans used West Berlin to escape to West
Germany. Vienna Summit Khrushchev said that the
whole of Berlin should be communist. JFK
mobilises extra troops and says that the freedom
of all of Europe is at stake. In 1961 Khrushchev
orders the building of the Berlin Wall, which
ringed West Berlin. Divided the city, East and
West Berliners could not visit the other part of
the city. Escapees from the east were shot by
border guards. June 1963 JFK visits Berlin to
reinforce US determination not to back down.
1989 the opening of the Wall marked the end of
the Cold War. When you have finished, move on to
the next page on Cuba. Pause Now!
16
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Copy these Revision Notes Cuban Missiles
Crisis Causes Both Kennedy and Khrushchev had
failed over the Berlin Wall. JFK had allowed the
Bay of Pigs The Crisis 1957 Fidel Castro seized
power. He nationalised all the US owned
businesses. The US stopped trading with Cuba. In
1961 JFK authorised a CIA led invasion by Cuban
exiles (Bay of Pigs). It failed. There were CIA
plots to assassinate Castro. Castro asked the
USSR for help. Khrushchev gave financial and
military aid to Cuba. The missile bases were
defensive. In 1962 the USA discovered the USSR
had set up nuclear missiles bases on Cuba. Most
of the USA was within the range of the missiles.
JFK under huge pressure to remove them. JFK
placed an exclusion zone , or naval blocked of
Cuba. Khrushchev backs down, in return for a US
promise not to invade Cuba. USA agrees to
remove MRBMs from its bases in Turkey. Results
People all over the World realised how close they
had come to total destruction. The USA and USSR
set up a Hot Line telephone link between Moscow
and Washington. The USA and USSR agreed to try
to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The USA
and USSR signed a Partial Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty. JFK switched his focus to containing
communism in Vietnam. When you have finished,
move on to the next page. Pause Now!
17
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the Revision Notes from memory Cuban
Missiles Crisis Causes Both Kennedy and
Khrushchev had failed over the Berlin Wall. JFK
had allowed the Bay of Pigs The Crisis 1957 Fidel
Castro seized power. He nationalised all the US
owned businesses. The US stopped trading with
Cuba. In 1961 JFK authorised a CIA led invasion
by Cuban exiles (Bay of Pigs). It failed. There
were CIA plots to assassinate Castro. Castro
asked the USSR for help. Khrushchev gave
financial and military aid to Cuba. The missile
bases were defensive. In 1962 the USA
discovered the USSR had set up nuclear missiles
bases on Cuba. Most of the USA was within the
range of the missiles. JFK under huge pressure
to remove them. JFK placed an exclusion zone ,
or naval blocked of Cuba. Khrushchev backs down,
in return for a US promise not to invade Cuba.
USA agrees to remove MRBMs from its bases in
Turkey. Results People all over the World
realised how close they had come to total
destruction. The USA and USSR set up a Hot Line
telephone link between Moscow and Washington.
The USA and USSR agreed to try to stop the spread
of nuclear weapons. The USA and USSR signed a
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. JFK switched
his focus to containing communism in
Vietnam. When you have finished, move on to the
next page. Pause Now!
18
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Read the full Revision Notes Cuban Missiles
Crisis Causes Both Kennedy and Khrushchev had
failed over the Berlin Wall. JFK had allowed the
Bay of Pigs The Crisis 1957 Fidel Castro seized
power. He nationalised all the US owned
businesses. The US stopped trading with Cuba. In
1961 JFK authorised a CIA led invasion by Cuban
exiles (Bay of Pigs). It failed. There were CIA
plots to assassinate Castro. Castro asked the
USSR for help. Khrushchev gave financial and
military aid to Cuba. The missile bases were
defensive. In 1962 the USA discovered the USSR
had set up nuclear missiles bases on Cuba. Most
of the USA was within the range of the missiles.
JFK under huge pressure to remove them. JFK
placed an exclusion zone , or naval blocked of
Cuba. Khrushchev backs down, in return for a US
promise not to invade Cuba. USA agrees to
remove MRBMs from its bases in Turkey. Results
People all over the World realised how close they
had come to total destruction. The USA and USSR
set up a Hot Line telephone link between Moscow
and Washington. The USA and USSR agreed to try
to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The USA
and USSR signed a Partial Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty. JFK switched his focus to containing
communism in Vietnam. When you have finished,
move on to the next page. Pause Now!
19
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the Revision Notes again, from
memory Cuban Missiles Crisis Causes Both Kennedy
and Khrushchev had failed over the Berlin Wall.
JFK had allowed the Bay of Pigs The Crisis 1957
Fidel Castro seized power. He nationalised all
the US owned businesses. The US stopped trading
with Cuba. In 1961 JFK authorised a CIA led
invasion by Cuban exiles (Bay of Pigs). It
failed. There were CIA plots to assassinate
Castro. Castro asked the USSR for help.
Khrushchev gave financial and military aid to
Cuba. The missile bases were defensive. In
1962 the USA discovered the USSR had set up
nuclear missiles bases on Cuba. Most of the USA
was within the range of the missiles. JFK under
huge pressure to remove them. JFK placed an
exclusion zone , or naval blocked of Cuba.
Khrushchev backs down, in return for a US
promise not to invade Cuba. USA agrees to
remove MRBMs from its bases in Turkey. Results
People all over the World realised how close they
had come to total destruction. The USA and USSR
set up a Hot Line telephone link between Moscow
and Washington. The USA and USSR agreed to try
to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The USA
and USSR signed a Partial Nuclear Test Ban
Treaty. JFK switched his focus to containing
communism in Vietnam. When you have finished,
move on to the next page, Judging JFK. Pause Now!
20
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the notes from memory Judging
JFK Racial inequality and civil rights JFK
was unable to do much due to opposition from
Senate and Congress. Womens Rights and young
people JFK was popular with these groups, but
he did little to help them. Poverty JFK
increased the minimum wage and expanded social
security benefits to help the poor. Failed to
introduce free medical care and better housing
for the poor. Communism JFK promised to be
tough on communism and he was. He increased the
defence budget, was decisive over the Berlin Wall
and Cuban Missiles. He committed the USA to the
space race and to putting US astronauts on the
Moon. 1963 Test Ban Treaty with the USSR
stopped atmospheric and underwater tests. When
you have finished, move on to the next
page. Pause Now!
21
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Read the full Revision Notes Judging JFK Racial
inequality and civil rights JFK was unable to
do much due to opposition from Senate and
Congress. Womens Rights and young people JFK
was popular with these groups, but he did little
to help them. Poverty JFK increased the minimum
wage and expanded social security benefits to
help the poor. Failed to introduce free medical
care and better housing for the poor. Communism
JFK promised to be tough on communism and he was.
He increased the defence budget, was decisive
over the Berlin Wall and Cuban Missiles. He
committed the USA to the space race and to
putting US astronauts on the Moon. 1963 Test Ban
Treaty with the USSR stopped atmospheric and
underwater tests. When you have finished, move
on to the next page.
22
Revise for GCSE Humanities Kennedy and the New
Frontier
Write out the notes from memory Judging
JFK Racial inequality and civil rights JFK
was unable to do much due to opposition from
Senate and Congress. Womens Rights and young
people JFK was popular with these groups, but
he did little to help them. Poverty JFK
increased the minimum wage and expanded social
security benefits to help the poor. Failed to
introduce free medical care and better housing
for the poor. Communism JFK promised to be
tough on communism and he was. He increased the
defence budget, was decisive over the Berlin Wall
and Cuban Missiles. He committed the USA to the
space race and to putting US astronauts on the
Moon. 1963 Test Ban Treaty with the USSR
stopped atmospheric and underwater tests. Pause
Now! You have finished this unit. Keep your
notes safe and come back soon.