Trainers

1
Seating plan for Year 10 GCSE Theory.
 
 
Shaun W Simone H Josh Shaw Katie M
Kyle R Dan Sam Crook
S.J. Katherine O Adam N Joe P
Dan Rock Jordan R Dan Rose Adam J  
Sadie J Jade N Jon J Craig P
Brad G Reece H Kelly D Jess H
Rich P Sam W Josh B Joe D
Sarah P Nathan F Jason B Laura H
Abbi A Jordan T Becky W Shane B
Becky B Laura W Alex O Liam W
Amelia H Becky G Tom N Ed H
2
Technological developments (2)

• Re-cap from last lesson
• 2 main changes -
• Equipment rackets, landing areas in
• athletics, golf.
• Materials clothing, surfaces, safety.
• Benefits of the above??

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• Stadiums
• American Football, FA artificial
• surfaces
• What has happened?
• Facilities
• Purpose built gymnastics, squash etc.
• Others venues used for a variety of
• events e.g. ????
• Space race How has this benefited
• sport?

4
Technological advances

• Constant developments used in
• competitions tournaments to ensure
• results are fair accurate.
• E.G.
• Timing systems
• - Majority are electronically operated using
  laser systems, accurately measuring when
  performers have started finished. These are now
  to the 100/second.

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• Examples of timing systems
• Athletics - Linked to starting guns / starting
  blocks to the finish line.
• Long distance attached to the performers, some
  fixed to their ankles (triathlons), giving
  constant readouts.
• Hand-held timers linked to printers giving
  readouts of competitors times, these are portable
  easily moved around.

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• Sensor systems
• Systems using electronic sensors exist
• in many sports
• Examples
• London Marathon sensors attached to running
  shoes, ensuring the all finished the whole course
  couldnt cheat!
• Fencing suits linked to fencing swords,
  recording hits to the body exactly where!
• Sprinters sensors in starting blocks,
  indicating if the athlete has started too quickly
  (allowed 0.1 sec), anything more false start!
• Soccer refs Sensor band on arm, linked to
  assistant flags indicating offside or fouls.
• Cricket / Tennis Hawk eye say no more!!!

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• Cameras
• Commonly used in many sporting events often to
  check decisions made by officials.
• Examples
• Rugby video playbacks to see if tries were
  scored
• Cricket 3rd umpire checks video footage for
  run-outs caught ball decisions
• American football umpires wear an ump-cam
  fixed to caps, gives a players view of the
  action. (They stand in the middle of the
  scrimmage.)

8
ICT

• Improved massively in sport PE.
• Especially with laptops (as seen here!!)
• Used more more to improve knowledge
• rather than technique, in the following
• ways
• CD-ROMs contain theory info on a range of
  topics
• Websites up-to-date provide interaction.

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• ICT can also be used to improve
• performance in a variety of ways
• Video analysis Performers are videoed
  practising their technique then watch it back
  with their coach to improve using images
  transferred to laptops.
• Prozone Used by big football clubs. It uses
  10 sensors placed next to TV cameras around a
  pitch, to build a 360-degree view of a match.
  Pictures are downloaded, then grouped into
  categories tactics, statistics, animation, or
  athletics (avg speed intensity). Using this
  info a coach can tell how well a player is doing
  whether their game plan has worked.

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Technological teaching training aids

• Range from
• Application technology - such as interactive
  whiteboards, which can be set up anywhere.
• Specific sports devices ergocrank. Cyclists
  use this as it measures left right side power
  independently to help measure asymmetry in
  pedalling style, or to diagnose an injury.

12
Training aids

• It used to be that performers only training aid
  was a coach or personal trainer.
• Now there are all sorts that are reasonably
  inexpensive, catering for performers at any
  level.
• Can you think of any?

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• - Computerised machines not necessarily at
  home, but a fitness leisure centres. Measuring
  things like heart rate calorie expenditure.
• Watches wrist worn monitors also available,
  providing a variety of information such as pulse
  rate, stride count and distance covered.
• Performance timers to give info on distance
  travelled time taken, becoming more more
  advanced.
• Portable, lightweight easy to use compared to
  the past so compact enough for anyone to use.

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Footwear

• One of the biggest growth areas in sport has been
  the development marketing of footwear.
• In the UK in 1998, nearly 1 in 3 pairs of shoes
  brought were sports shoes.
• Over 45 million sold by 4 main suppliers
• Nike, ReebokRunning shoes 4.5bn
• Adidas, HiTec

Total US retail sneaker sales 2002 Total retail
sales 15.7bn Top 5 categories Basketball
3.2bn Cross training 2bn Walking 1.1bn Low
performance/retro 863m Source Sports Goods
Manufacturing Ass.
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• All shoes are now a specialist piece of equipment
  on which the manufacturers have spent loads of
  money on research, design development.
• An example of this is the Reebok range of
  footwear the materials innovations they use
• Hexalite honeycombe, which is 92 air absorbs
  20 more impact. Also tougher longer lasting
• Graphlite woven fabric of graphite glass
  fibres, with polymer resin. Makes it as strong as
  steel, but 45 lighter than foam. Used for arch
  support cushioning.
• Instapump various chambers within the shoes
  which are filled up inflated by air.
• The chambers are located at the
• critical joints of the foot ankle
• where most injuries occur.

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• Obviously, sports shoe manufacturers want to sell
  their products and will make various claims to do
  so. They now carry out research using high speed
  cameras, video computerised equipment to
  measure the demands put on feet ankles.
• There is little doubt that there have been great
  improvements in terms of safety comfort in
  footwear that specialist shoes for different
  activities have led to improvements in the
  performers at al levels.

17
Trainers

• What sport?
• Label all areas e.g soles, leather, laces (if you
  have them), air holes, padding, springiness, etc.
  etc.
• Why you have chosen that particular design?
• Finish it off for homework

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