Abdominal

1
Abdominal Genitourinary Injury

• EMT 100

2
Abdominal Injury Closed or Open

• Mechanism of Injury
• Discoloration/Bruising
• Swelling, Rigidity
• Pain over area
• Signs of shock
• What are they?
• Exposed organs

3
Abdominal Injury Treatment

• Maintain ABCs
• Treat for shock
• Control external bleeding
• Stabilize any impaled objects
• Cover exposed organs with clean, moist dressing
• Do not touch with hands or try to replace!
• Reassure
• Activate EMS

4
Acute Abdomen

• Sudden onset of belly pain with no obvious injury
  or cause

5
Examples of Acute Abdomen

• Appendicitis
• Cholecystitis
• Bleeding ulcer

• Pancreatitis
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
• Kidney stone

6
Treatment Acute Abdomen

• Position of comfort lying still with knees
  flexed
• Treat for shock
• No enemas!
• Reassure
• Seek medical care

7
Genitourinary Injury

• Assaults or straddle
• Pain, swelling, discoloration, bleeding
• Ice packs and control bleeding
• No internal bleeding control for females!
  (tampons)
• Reassure
• Seek medical care

8
Sexual Assault

• Give emotional support as well as being advocate
• Treat soft tissue injuries with ice packs and
  external dressings to control bleeding
• Maintain evidence
• No hygiene
• No change of clothes
• No urination
• Seek medical care ASAP

9
Musculo-skeletal Injury

• Fractures, Sprains, Strains, Dislocations

10
Fractures Closed
Open

• Pain
• Swelling and discoloration
• Deformity
• Shock
• Exposed bone
• Crepitus

11
Fractures - Treatment

• Maintain ABCs
• Ice pack
• Immobilize from joint above to joint below, ie
  splint
• Elevate (if possible)

• Control bleeding with loose dressing
• Treat for shock
• Do not touch exposed bone or attempt to push back
  under skin
• Reassure
• Get medical care

12
Sprains

• Over-stretching or tearing a ligament
• Pain
• Swelling
• Discoloration

• Ice
• Immobilize
• Elevate
• Reassure
• Get medical care

13
Strains

• Over-stretching or tearing a muscle
• Pain
• Minimal (if any) swelling or discoloration

• Ice
• Immobilize
• Reassure
• Seek medical evaluation

14
Dislocation

• Bones that form a joint are knocked out of
  alignment
• Pain
• Deformity
• Discoloration
• Swelling

• Ice
• Immobilize
• Reassure
• Immediate medical care

15
Splinting Guidelines

• Check circulation and nerve function before and
  after
• Expose area
• Splint in the position you find the injury

• Dont let splint push exposed bone back under
  skin
• Pad splints
• When in doubt, splint!

16
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