Feed Nutrients

1
Feed Nutrients

• Special Feeds

2
Colostrum

• First milk given by mammals after birth
• Contains antibodies
• Milk Replacers
• Cant replace colostrum
• Higher fat reduces diarrhea

3
Fats and Oils

• Fat
• increases calories of ration
• 2.25 times the NRG of carbs
• Easily digested by animals
• controls dust
• lessons wear on mixing equip
• Molasses
• by-product from sugar
• appetizer
• ¾ NRG of corn
• stimulates rumen activity

4
Proteins

• Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino
  acids
• Amino acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and
  nitrogen
• Ruminants can synthesize amino acids, but
  non-ruminants must have these added in the ration

5
Proteins - Sources

• Must contain a good balance of amino acids
• Urea synthetic nitrogen source
• Nitrogen acts in the ruminant to make amino acids
• Crude Protein
• Total Usable Protein
• Cereal grains mixed in the proper proportions
• Soybean oil meal

6
Vitamins

• Trace organic compounds needed in small amounts
• Fat-soluble
• A, D, E, and K
• Healthy eyes, good conception rate, disease
  resistance
• Green leafy hay, yellow corn, fish oils, direct
  sunlight
• Water-soluble
• C and B-complex
• Teeth and bone formation, prevention of infections

7
Minerals

• Inorganic materials containing no carbon
• Provide for growth of bones, teeth, and tissue
• Major minerals
• Often lacking in rations
• Trace Minerals
• Often found in feeds
• Excess quantities of some can be toxic

8
Additives, Implants, Injections

• 80 of animals get some drug during lifetime
• Regulate growth, modify rumen activity, improve
  feed efficiency
• Lower production costs
• Feed Additives
• Antibiotics
• Produced by living organism
• Antioxidants
• Prevent oxidation

9
Feed Additives (cont)

• Bloat Control Products
• Inhibit gas formation and methane prod. in rumen
• Electrolytes
• Salts
• Replenish Fluids
• Flavoring Agent
• Increases palatability gt Increased feed intake
• Hormones
• Increases growth, milk prod. And meat prod.

10
Implants

• Small pellet deposited under skin
• Promote growth
• Steroids
• Increase muscle mass
• Eliminate pain
• Tranquilizers

11
Assignment

• Complete the eleven Unit 7 Review Questions
  listed below.
• 1, 2, 6, 10, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 26, 28
• USE COMPLETE SENTENCES
• E-mail your answers to me by the beginning of
  class tomorrow.