Computer Modeling in Biomechanics Applications

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Computer Modeling in Biomechanics Applications
ME 580
Chris Bylin

• Thompson

Pham
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(No Transcript)
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Applications and Purpose

• Non invasive
• Little interference with human body
• Useful in simulation of bone fractures, internal
  fixations/implants
• Help to understand how musculoskeletal structures
  react to external loads/forces
• Train physicians and surgeons
• Assists in complex procedures like plastic
  surgery,
• surgery for trauma, reconstructive surgery

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Simulation of Bone Fractures/Implants

• Allow surgeons to learn how to fix fractured
  bones without using expensive plastic models
• 3d models are created from 2D slices
• Surgeons locate fracture in 3D space and use
  existing surgical techniques to fix the virtual
  fracture.

http//www.ntu.edu.sg/home/assourin/VirBones.html
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F.E.A. Applications

• Examine mechanics of musculoskeletal and tissue
  structure
• Models are used for designing and analyzing
  component performance

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Assisted Surgery

• Greater degree of speed, accuracy, and precision
• Gives doctors detailed info
• Helps doctors to make smaller incisions instead
  of traditional larger openings. Less invasive
  means
• faster recovery
• less bleeding
• less pain
• Computer assisted surgery uses
• the computer system
• cameras
• software
• specialized surgical instruments

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Process of surgery

• CT Scan or MRI
• Model building
• Pre OP planning
• Assisted Operation

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2D Image Capture
MRI
CT Scan
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Model Building/Analysis

• Developed from patient specific geometry obtained
  from scans

http//www.3dscience.com
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Application of Computer Aided Surgery

• Hip replacement Surgery
• One of most commonly performed orthopedic
  surgeries
• Around 300,000 of these types of surgeries in
  U.S. every year

• Hip Osteotomy
• Realignment of bones of the hip joint.
• Performed on femur, pelvis or both

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Pre Op

• With these models surgeons can optimize the
  treatment of patients by allowing for testing of
  different surgical solutions

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Computer Aided Navigation system
http//jhuapl.edu/techdigest/td2503/Armand.pdf
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Other Examples of Current Systems

• HipNav
• Image Overlaying

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HipNav

• Developed for acetabular implant placement

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HipNav

• Pre-Operative CT scan determines implant size and
  placement
• Range of motion simulator determines where
  interferences would occur with the implant and
  finds the optimal cup position for patient
• Also performs kinematic analysis to find a safe
  range of motion
• Optotrak targets are attached to surgical tools
  to track hip and implant locations

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Image Overlaying

• Superimposes digital images over real objects
• Gives doctor X-ray vision
• Digital object appears at exact location
  regardless of patient position

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Image Overlaying
Focuses on intraoperative and surgical
guidance The navigation system and origin pt are
crucial to locate the patient in reference to the
model
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Questions??