Title: Occidental College, Los Angeles
1Brown University, Chapman University, Claremont
McKenna College, Colorado College, Gustavus
Adolphus, Mills College, Morehouse College,
Pepperdine University,
Pomona College, Spelman College Swarthmore
College, Tufts University, University of
California, Berkeley, University of California,
Davis, University of California, Santa Barbara,
University of San Diego, University of Southern
California, University of Washington, Willamette
University
- Occidental College, Los Angeles
- Feb. 27-29
- 2004
Max Boot ? Ivo Daalder ? Michael
Hirsh ? Robin Wright
2Transforming Iraq
Michael Hirsch
Anthony Chase
- Even though there are deep schisms in Iraqi
society, there is a great sense of nation
building - The key to reconstructing Iraq will be avoiding
both Balkanization and theocracy - Civil society development and elections must
occur simultaneously
Rapporteur Madelyn Gee
3Transforming Iraq
Michael Hirsch
Anthony Chase
- Questions
- Can we ever truly democratize the Middle East?
- What plans do we have for institution-building
and to what extent will they be secular? - Theres no question that oil companies are going
to want to secure rights to the oil. What
happens the oil?
Rapporteur Madelyn Gee
4Public Diplomacy
Michael Hirsch
Geoffrey Cowen
- Public diplomacy is performed by all nations in
the form of citizen exchanges, cultural
interactions, and broadcasting - Public Diplomacy affects American trade, safety
and tourism abroad, brand identifications, and
international programs at colleges and
universities
Rapporteur Madelyn Gee
5Public Diplomacy
Michael Hirsch
Geoffrey Cowen
- Questions
- How can we project American values in a way that
persuades rather than offends the international
citizens? - Regarding American broadcasts abroad, how do we
move from monologue to dialogue?
Rapporteur Madelyn Gee
6EUROPE
Ambassador Derek Shearer
Consul General Kerek-Barczy
- Main Issues
- What has created the differences between Europe
and United States? - Europe is complacent, rich and comfortable in its
own shell - Is there a common European foreign policy?
- What is Europe?
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
7EUROPE
Ambassador Derek Shearer
Consul General Kerek-Barczy
- The void between Europe and America has appeared,
because neither has a thorough understanding of
the post bi-polar world. - Europe and the United States are natural allies,
but challenging each others position is healthy
and necessary. - Europe is a success story.
- Europe would become more and more integrated and
this is good for America.
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
8EUROPE
Ambassador Derek Shearer
Consul General Kerek-Barczy
- Europe would never run a federal model and each
country will retain its own voice, regarding
foreign policy issues. - Europe has interests outside its boundaries
- Europe will never has its own security force, but
NATOs functions would be redefined. - Europe will expand, but not at all costs every
country in Europe should be able to make a run
for membership in the EU. - Europe will assist LDCs, but it would look for
coherence and reforms.
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
9Global Economy
Jane Jaquette
Jim Whitney
- More institutional structure/regulation is needed
to make globalization work better for everybody - Regional trade agreements (NAFTA) have been
oversold to the world, but their guiding
principles should still be working - The interests of states have not changed there
is still room to gain from trade
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
10Global Economy
Ambassador Derek Shearer
Consul General Kerek-Barczy
- Trade negotiations have facilitated making some
tough choices, which are truly beneficial in the
long run - The United States has clearly been on the
defensive end - We have to reconsider some forgotten
redistributive measures
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
11Global Economy
Ambassador Derek Shearer
Consul General Kerek-Barczy
- In view of the upcoming elections
- Globalization is not the cause of the problems in
the US economy - Global income distribution has worsened
significantly - Globalization negotiations should not be tied to
the political agenda
Rapporteur Nikolay Filchev
12The Middle East
Robin Wright
Anthony Chase
- Main Questions
- Will there be a renewed commitment to the
Israeli-Palestinian peace process? - How can the US develop a less threatening image
in the Middle East?
Rapporteur Asta Schuette
13Democracy in the Middle East
Anthony Chase
Robin Wright
- How can cultural movements or youth to place
pressure on the government from below while the
government place political pressure from above? - Will the US continue to ignore the lack of
democracy in Middle Eastern countries such as
Egypt or will foreign policy take a direct
position on this issue? - Will we be committed to the long-term development
of Iraq especially in the development of a strong
Iraqi civil society?
Rapporteur Asta Schuette
14The United Nations
Ambassador Richard Sklar
Ambassador John Hirsch
- Question
- Should the United States relinquish a portion of
its power for a cooperative relationship with the
UN? If so how much?
Rapporteur Asta Schuette
15The UNState Sovereignty
Ambassador Richard Sklar
Ambassador John Hirsch
- When are domestic problems so grave that
national boarders must be transcended?
Rapporteur Asta Schuette
16The UNInterdependance(or Globalization)
Ambassador Richard Sklar
Ambassador John Hirsch
-
- What is the effect of economic globalization on
the international community? Should the UN become
involved in economic global issues such as labor
violations?
Rapporteur Asta Schuette
17Latin America
Carol Wise
Denise Dresser
- US as the hegemon in the region should take a
more active role in promoting economic
development - Effects of NAFTA on Mexico issues around free
trade - Haiticomparison to Iraq, promotion of democracy
Rapporteur Meghan Byrne
18Latin America
Denise Dresser
Carol Wise
- Questions
- Is the current policy of neglecting Latin America
as we focus on the war on terror in the long term
interests of the United States? - Is President Bushs immigration proposal viable
without the collaboration of Mexico? - What does the current situation in Haiti reveal
about the limitations of the American military to
promote democracy?
Rapporteur Meghan Byrne
19Russia
Walter Comins-Richmond
Larry Caldwell
- Self-Preoccupied Indifference and Chechnya.
- Deterioration of Democracy in Russia.
- Control of Weapons Proliferation.
- Russian Interest in Georgia.
- Russian Missile Testing.
Rapporteur Maria Stoyadinova
20Russia
Walter Comins-Richmond
Larry Caldwell
- Questions
- Do you believe that the War on Terror has been
used by the Putin administration to justify
Russian actions in Chechnya? How would you
approach the Chechen problem? - Having in mind the recent Russian nuclear weapons
testing, how do you plan to address arms control
in the future within a multilateral framework?
Rapporteur Maria Stoyadinova
21Russia
Walter Comins-Richmond
Larry Caldwell
- Questions
- What should the future US objectives in Georgia
be, considering the fact that Russia has a strong
incentive to keep Georgia within its sphere of
influence? - Do you perceive the roots of terrorism as mainly
ideological or as a product of social conditions
such as poverty?
Rapporteur Maria Stoyadinova
22Africa
Ambassador John Hirsch
Movindri Reddy
- Because race relations changed in the US due to
9/11, the way that the US views Africa has also
changed. - Africa is at the bottom of US concern.
Rapporteur Kai Small
23Africa
Ambassador John Hirsch
Movindri Reddy
- Questions
- How does the US plan to go about assisting in the
establishment of a framework of democracy that is
unique and appropriate to African nations? - How will the US become involved in Africa in a
way that is effective and productive for both
Africans and Americans?
Rapporteur Kai Small
24Bushs War on Terror
Larry Caldwell
Ivo Daalder
- Critical to properly define the War on Terror and
depending on our definitions, alter our foreign
policy - Critical to address the variations of freedom and
determine whether the same demand for freedom as
we understand it is yearned for in other
societies
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
25Bushs War on Terror
Larry Caldwell
Ivo Daalder
- Questions
- Can the religion of Islam play a strong role in
democratization? - Is freedom as we know it the aspiration of every
society in the world? Which type of government is
going to best develop other societies? - Should the War on Terror be a war? If not, what
should it be?
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
26Nation Building
Ivo Daalder
Richard Sklar
- By ensuring safety and meeting basic needs before
reforming the government, civilians will be able
to participate in their own nation building - Perhaps nation building is not always in our best
interests the process is extremely difficult,
requires time and resources, and planning is
crucial - Our state department needs both international and
domestic assistance in rebuilding Iraq
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
27Nation Building
Ivo Daalder
Richard Sklar
- Questions
- How is the Bush administration going to fix
nation building in Iraq? - If nation building is going to be a very long
process, how do you convince the American people
to support the effort when if they do not feel
obligated to help build the Iraqi government?
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
28United States Foreign Policy in a Historic Context
Jane Jaquette
David Axeen
- Are all societies inevitably moving toward the
same modernity as Woodrow Wilson claims? - Democracy is a process success requires that
Iraqis own the process and make decisions that in
the short term may not be in our best interests - While separation of the three ethnic groups in
Iraq does not seem physically feasible, a
multiethnic state requires a great deal of
resources
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
29United States Foreign Policy in a Historic Context
David Axeen
Jane Jaquette
- Questions
- Will your administration tolerate variations that
come out of the Iraq democratization process,
elections, etc. that vary from your chosen path? - Will your administration provide sufficient
provisions to finish the job despite political
changes that will occur in the United States? - If the process of democratization gravely
deteriorates after power is handed over to the
Iraqis, how is our administration going to
respond?
Rapporteur Rebecca Wittman
30The War on Terror
Dan Caldwell
Gregory F. Treverton
- Weapons of Mass Destruction
- Higher probability of being used, but decrease in
risk of global devastation - Security and Intelligence
- Debilitated by massive numbers of bureaucrats
- It is impossible to be perfectly safe
- Perception of Terrorists
- Terrorist capabilities have been chronically
underestimated
Rapporteur Alex Coita
31The War on Terror
Dan Caldwell
Gregory F. Treverton
- Psychological Threats
- The system is biased towards spreading fear
- Politicians use terror as a political tool
- Understanding the Roots of Terror
- The connection between poverty and terrorism is
hard to prove - Need to get people a stake in the system
- The Iraq War and American Legitimacy
- Washington underestimated both short and
long-term effects of the war - The US squandered the high moral ground it had
immediately after 9/11
Rapporteur Alex Coita
32The War on Terror
Dan Caldwell
Gregory F. Treverton
- Domestic Sources of the Bush Policy
- American public is largely uninterested in
foreign affairs - Politicians need to present a simple view of the
world and hype the threat to get domestic support - Is the War on Terror a Real War?
- No more than the war on poverty
- The threat is inflated only 22 Americans killed
last year - Focus should be placed on issues like the Arab
Israeli Conflict
Rapporteur Alex Coita
33The Bush Doctrine
Ivo Daalder
Dan Caldwell
- Bushs worldview is ideological, confident,
coherent and wrong - Very much a leader and not given the credit and
blame he deserves - Bush Doctrine is unilateralism, preemption and
regime change for terrorists and tyrants - Revolution is a product of Bush and most of it
will leave with him
Rapporteur Jordan Parkhurst
34The Bush Doctrine
Ivo Daalder
Dan Caldwell
- Questions
- How will the doctrine of the Bush Administration
or new Democratic Administration approach
situations where intelligence is more inexact
than usual? - How or would you change the Coalitions of the
Willing approach to international allied action?
Rapporteur Jordan Parkhurst
35China
Seth Faison
Derek Shearer
- Before 9/11, China was going to be our next enemy
- Problems between China and the US Tibet, Taiwan,
Trade - The CCP is factionalized
- Little political reform has paralleled
significant economic reforms - The Bush Administration misperceives Chinas
perspective on North Korea
Rapporteur Stephan van der Mersch
36China
Seth Faison
Derek Shearer
- Questions
- What should be the USs trade policy with China?
- What should be the long-term strategy for Tibet
and Taiwan? - Should there be a new Visa policy and a long-term
strategy to promote American values in China and
other nations?
Rapporteur Stephan van der Mersch
37On behalf of the Sessions Committee, thanks for
coming!