OpenVMS Network Management

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OpenVMS Network Management

• David L. Cathey
• Montagar Software Concepts

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Definition?

• network n. v.trans. From net reduced
  slightly from gross work 1. n. The
  antisynergystic interconnection of noncompatible
  nodal systems divided by a common protocol.
  2 v.trans. To reduce net the work rate (of a
  computing resource) by adding it to a network.
  - The Devils DP Dictionary, by
  Stan Kelly-Bootle

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Topics

• Networking Basics
• Networking Types
• DECnet
• TCP/IP
• LAT
• LAD

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Networking Basics

• Networking allows multiple computers to work
  together in various coordinated ways.
• Provides a common base of tools that may span
  multiple platforms
• Provides a basis for distributed or client/server
  computing models.
• OpenVMS can support several protocols at the same
  time.

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Networking Types

• RS-232 (serial)
• DECnet (obsolete), TCP/IP (SLIP, PPP)
• Leased line (56K, ISDN, T-1)
• DECnet, TCP/IP, Ethernet Bridging
• Ethernet (Baseband, Thin-wire, 10Base)
• DECnet, TCP/IP, LAT, LAD
• St. Bernard with a box of tapes (sneakernet)

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DECnet

• Common protocol on OpenVMS Systems
• Two Flavors Phase IV, and rarely, Phase V
• Controlled by NCP utility.
• Integrated into OpenVMS O/S and utilities
• COPY, DIRECTORY, OPEN, etc
• COPY FOOFILE.DAT BARFILE.DAT
• DIRECTORY FOODISK1JUNK
• SET HOST FOO

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DECnet

• Crossing nodes may require user/password.
• A Proxy can be set up to default access or
  provide for a known aliases
• MCR AUTHORIZE ADD/PROXY -
  
  BARDAVE DAVE /DEFAULT
• MCR AUTHORIZE ADD/PROXY -BARDAVE JOHN

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DECnet

• Proxy using default authorization
• COPY FOOJUNK.DAT NL
• Proxy using alternate authorization
• COPY FOOJOHNJUNK.DAT NL
• Using explicit authorization
• COPY FOODAVE BR549JUNK.DAT NL

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DECnet

• Use _at_SYSMANAGERNETCONFIG to set up a network.
• NETCONFIG defaults are generally good.
• Requires NODENAME and ADDRESS.
• NODENAME is 1-6 characters.
• ADDRESS is of the form aa.mmmm.
• aa is the Area Number from 1 to 63
• mmmm is Member Number from 1-1023

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DECnet

• Three levels of routing
• End Node - can only talk to adjacent nodes,
  otherwise requires a routing node.
• Routing - can talk to adjacent nodes, and route
  between End Nodes in the SAME area.
• Area Router - talks to adjacent nodes, routes
  between any nodes in the same area, and routes
  to/from adjacent Area Routers.

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DECnet

• Notes
• If all nodes are on the same Ethernet and have
  the same area number, no routing node is needed.
• If a route consisting of only Area Routers cannot
  be identified between two areas, the areas will
  not be reachable to each other (refered to as
  hidden areas).

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DECnet

• Start with _at_SYSSTARTUPSTARTNET
• Manage with NCP
• MCR NCP SHOW KNOWN CIRCUITS
• MCR NCP SHOW KNOW LINES
• MCR NCP SHOW EXECUTOR CHAR
• MCR NCP SET EXECUTOR STATE SHUT
• MCR NCP SHOW KNOW LINE COUNT
• MCR NCP DEF NODE 1.42 NAME FOO

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DECnet

• Important Ethernet information
• MCR NCP SHOW LINE SVA-0
• Line SVA-0
  
• gt65534 Seconds since last zeroed
  
• 149220202 Data blocks received
  
• 2249442 Multicast blocks received
  
• 1 Receive failure,
  including
• Block check error
  
• gt4294967294 Bytes received
  
• 245262404 Multicast bytes received
  
• 0 Data overrun
  

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DECnet

• Important Ethernet Information
• 210393932 Data blocks sent
  
• 1155229 Multicast blocks sent
  
• 390628 Blocks sent, multiple
  collisions
• 337889 Blocks sent, single collision
  
• 3175930 Blocks sent, initially deferred
  
• gt4294967294 Bytes sent
  
• 123203269 Multicast bytes sent
  
• 4 Send failure, including
  
• Excessive
  collisions
  
• Remote failure to
  defer
• 0 Collision detect check
  failure
• 315 Unrecognized frame
  destination

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TCP/IP

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
• Multiple Vendors provide TCP/IP for OpenVMS
  systems
• Digital - UCX
• Process Software TCPWare and MultiNet
• Carnigie-Mellon University CMUIP
• Wollongong WINTCP

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TCP/IP

• TCP/IP Routing can be done by any node, but
  generally managed by designated hosts.
• Node basically routes a packet based upon
• localhost routes to itself
• in same netmask route to local Ethernet (ARP)
• in different netmask routes to desingated
  gateway for the network or default.

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TCP/IP

• UCX Configuration is with
• _at_SYSMANAGERUCXCONFIG
• MultiNet Configuration is with
• MULTINET CONFIGURE
• Other products are similar, but use different
  configuration commands, although each do about
  the same functions.

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TCP/IP

• Addresses consist of dotted octets
• Each octet is a number from 0-255
• 192.208.46.111
• 209.41.105.5
• Like DECnet, TCP/IP has a Area and a Member
  part of the address, but it varies in format.

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TCP/IP

• Instead of Area and Member, its refered to as
  Network Mask and Host Mask.
• Network Mask is the number of bits that designate
  which bits refer to outside network systems, or
  sometimes Class
• Class A 255.0.0.0
• Class B 255.255.0.0
• Class C 255.255.255.0

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TCP/IP

• Different utilities are used with TCP/IP
• telnet - terminal session to another system
• ftp - file transfer protocol
• UCX command is used to manage UCX
• UCX SHOW INTERFACE
• UCX SHOW ROUTING
• UCX SHOW HOST

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TCP/IP

• MULTINET used to manage MULTINET
• MULTINET SHOW/INTERFACE SE0
• MULTINET NSLOOKUP hostname
• MULTINET SHOW/ROUTING
• MULTINET SHOW/ARP

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LAT

• Local Area Terminal Protocol
• Main protocol used for serial-type communication
  between an OpenVMS system and a Terminal Server.
• LAT does not route, local Ethernet or bridged
  only.
• Start with _at_SYSSTARTUPLATSTARTUP

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LAT

• LATCP used to manage LAT
• MCR LATCP SHOW NODE
• MCR LATCP SHOW PORT
• MCR LATCP CREATE PORT
• MCR LATCP SET PORT
• MCR LATCP DELETE PORT
• MCR LATCP STOP NODE

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LAT

• Common to set up LAT terminals for print
• MCR LATCP CREATE PORT LTA42
• MCR LATCP SET PORT LTA42 /NODEFOO /PORTPORT_3
• INIT/QUEUE/ONFOOLTA42 MYPRINT
• DECServer port configured as remote
• Localgt define port 3 access remote speed 9600
• Localgt logout port 3

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LAD

• Local Area Disk Protocol
• Used to provide disk services between an OpenVMS
  system and a InfoServer.
• LAD does not route, local or bridged only.
• Start with _at_SYSSTARTUPESSSTARTUP DISK
• Once started, can bind and mount to any disk
  established by an InfoServer

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LAD

• To see what services are available
• MCR ESSLADCP SHOW SERVICES
• To bind and mount a disk
• MCR ESSLADCP BIND JUNKDISK
• MOUNT DADJUNKDISK DISKLABEL
• SET DEFAULT DADJUNKDISK000000
• To unbind, dismount the disk.

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Additional Information?

• OpenVMS Guide to Network Management
• For TCP/IP - see local software vendors
  documentation.

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Feedback

• Questions???