Assistive%20Technology%20EDTC%206341%20Student%20Centered%20Learning%20Elvia%20Villafranca

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Assistive Technology EDTC 6341Student Centered
LearningElvia Villafranca
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Assistive Technology

• Introduction
• Definitions of Assistive Technologies
• Disabilities Categorized
• Specific Terms Help States Define Disabilities
• 4 Major Categories
• Descriptions of Various Types of Assistive
  Technologies
• Legal Requirements
• Laws and Historical Background
• Eligibility Requirements
• Roles of School Districts and Teachers
• Roles/Responsibilities of MTTs and Assistive
  Technologies
• Resources for MTTs
• Conclusion

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Intro Definitions and Descriptions of Various
Types of Assistive Technologies
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Introduction

• According to the U.S. Department of Commerce,
  Economics, and Statistics Administration about
  8.5 of 301 million people living in the United
  States have at least one disability that may
  negatively effect and create a barrier in their
  ability to use a computer or to access the
  Internet. (Crow, 2008)
• These statistics come as no surprise to the U.S.
  government which have been involved in promoting
  change needed towards resolving such dilemmas.
  In 1975 the United States government established
  the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
  advocating for the entitlement of people with
  disabilities and their families whereby they
  could attain many of Americas educational
  opportunities.
• Consequently as a result of IDEA, all students
  should in fact be provided access to a broad
  range of assistive technologies thereby allowing
  multiple pathways to learning. AT makes it
  possible for individuals which perhaps are faced
  with a broad range of disabilities to become
  more self-sufficient, and confident individuals.
  

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What is Assistive Technology?

• Assistive Technology has been defined in variety
  of ways, such as being tools, strategies, simple
  or complex devices which may be commercially
  manufactured or independently produced but at
  the same time are devices aimed with a purpose of
  ultimately increasing, maintaining, or improving
  the functionality of individuals with
  disabilities, (Lewis, 1994).
• AT can essentially be said to be any device
  which will make it possible for individuals with
  disabilities to be able to do more for themselves.

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Disabilities Categorized

• ADHD/ADD
• Apraxia of Speech
• Autism
• Bipolar Disorder
• Brain Injury and Stroke
• Cerebral Palsy
• Communication and Speech
• Cystic Fibrosis
• Deaf / Blind
• Developmental Disabilities
• Dyslexia
• Epilepsy
• General / Non-disability Specific
• Health Impairments

• Hearing Impairments/Deaf
• Learning Disabilities
• Leukemia
• Mental Health Impairments
• Mental Retardation
• Mobility Impaired
• Multiple Disabilities
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Muscular Dystrophy
• Neurological Disorders
• Orthopedically Impaired
• Spina Bifida
• Tourette Syndrome
• Visual Impairment/Blind

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14 Primary Terms Under IDEA

• Specific Terms Guide States in Defining
  Disabilities Eligibility
• Autism/Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD
• Deaf-Blindness
• Deafness
• Developmental Delay (DD)
• Emotional Disturbance
• Hearing Impairment
• Deafness
• Hearing Loss
• Intellectual Disability (formerly Mental
  Retardation)
• Severe and/or Multiple Disabilities
• Orthopedic Impairment
• Other Health Impairment
• Learning Disabilities (LD)
• Speech and Language Impairments 
• Traumatic Brain Injury 
• Blindness/ Visual Impairment

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4 Major Disability Categories

• Visual Impairments
• Assistive Technology for Vision
• Hearing Impairments
• AT for Hearing
• Motor Impairments
• AT for Communication
• Cognitive Impairments
• AT for Learning and Studying

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AT In Cognitive Motor Disabilities
Assistive Technology Products http//www.abledata.
com/
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AT In Sensory Disabilities
Assistive Technology Products http//www.abledata.
com/
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AT In Mobility Disability
Assistive Technology Products http//www.abledata.
com/
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AT Classroom
Student unable to see or having difficulty seeing.
Student with hearing difficulties or no hearing.
Student having reading comprehension difficulties.
Student with language expression difficulties,
speech not comprehendible.
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AT Classroom
Student unable to use computer, unable to comply
with academic tasks.
Student with writing and/or writing composition.
Student with difficulties keeping-up scheduled
math lessons.
Student with reading comprehension problems.
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Legal RequirementsLaws and Historical Background
http//search.creativecommons.org/
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Laws

• EAHCA (Education for All Handicapped Children
  Act)
• IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education
  Improvement Act)
• ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
• 504 (Rehabilitation Act Section 504)
• TRADC (Technology Related Assistance with
  Disabilities Act)
• ATA (Assistive Technology Act)

http//search.creativecommons.org/
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EAHCA

• EAHCA (Education for All Handicapped Children
  Act)
• Passed in 1975
• Codified access to pubic education for students
  with disabilities
• Amendment in 2004, Renamed IDEA

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IDEA

• Individuals with Disabilities Education
  Improvement Act
• Federal Regulations (IDEA) 300.5, 300.6,
  300.308, 300.346
• Originated as EAHCA in 1975
• Amendment in 2004
• Entitlement for people with disabilities and
  their families making education opportunities
  possible to all.
• FAPE (Free Appropriate Public Education)

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ADA

• Americans with Disabilities Act
• 1990 Protects rights of persons with disabilities
• Title II Applicable to Education
• Student and young children not eligible under
  Special Education have right to Assistive
  Technology.

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Section 504 (Rehabilitation Act)

• Qualified individuals with a physical or mental
  impairment limited by major life activities.
• Schools prohibited from discrimination of
  students in participation and enjoyment of
  activities or programs despite of their handicap
  or physical/mental impairments.
• All education program or activity receiving
  federal financial assistance will be held liable
  to abide by requirements imposed by this act.

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TRADA

• Technology Related Assistance with Disabilities
  Act
• Passed 1988
• Fund Development for Individuals w/Disabilities
• Consumer Information
• Training Programs

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ATA

• Assistive Technology ACT
• Replaced TRADA in 1998
• Alternate funding for AT grants, national
  professional development
• AT accessible to general education curriculum

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AT Historically

Sholes Glidden typewriter 1873
http//site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/tw-history
.html
Hearing Aid Invented-1916 Help the hearing
impaired.
http//beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/did/timeline/
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AT Historically (cont.)

• Phonograph invented by Edison
• Earlier version of the Talking Machine
• Used for recording or dictation later in the
  early 20th century.

• 1935 American Foundation for the Blind
• Publishes the first issue of Talking Books
  Bulletin, later changed to Talking Book Topics.

Phonograph
http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiobook
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AT Historically (cont.)
AT devices have been around for quite some time
yet newer advanced devices continue to be
invented.
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Eligibility RequirementsRoles of School
Districts Teachers
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Roles of School Districts Teachers Eligibility
Requirements

• Public Schools
• Accommodate
• Disabled Learners
• Its the law!

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Roles of School Districts Teachers Eligibility
Requirements

• Rehabilitation Act
• 1973 Section 504
• Individual Instruction Plan
• Accommodate Students
• With IEP or Without IEP

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Roles of School Districts Teachers Eligibility
Requirements

• ADA
• Disabilities No Unfairness

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Roles of School Districts and Teachers
Eligibility Requirements

• IDEA
• Curriculum
• Disabled Students
• Involved
• Student Progress

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Roles of School Districts and TeachersEligibilit
y Requirements

• IDEA
• Free appropriate public education
• State must provide in or out of school
  environment
• Least restrictive environments

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Roles of School Districts and TeachersEligibilit
y Requirements

• TRADA 1988 Amended 1994
• Technology-Related Assistance for individuals
  with Disabilities Act
• AT Need
• Disabled People

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Roles of School Districts and TeachersEligibilit
y Requirements

• AT Make It Available!!
• AT in IEP
• AT made available wherever the student goes!

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Roles of School Districts and TeachersEligibilit
y Requirements

• Go, Go, Go, IEP TEAM!!
• Teacher
• Special Ed Teacher
• Parents
• Others

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Roles of School Districts and TeachersEligibility
Requirements

• NO EXCUSES!
• Responsibility rests with the State.
• Insuring compliance with laws!

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Roles of School Districts TeachersEligibility
Requirements

• STATE
• State Law (Texas Education Code) 30.0015
• Comply with ACTS
• ADA
• IDEA etc.
• State School Districts
• Comply
• Responsible
• Teachers
• Comply
• Responsible

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Roles Responsibilities of MTTs and Assistive
TechnologiesResources for MTTs Conclusion
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Roles of an Master Technology Teacher (MTT)

• Texas Educator Standards
• DOMAIN II TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED TEACHING AND
  LEARNING
• Competency 8
• The Master Technology Teacher knows how to
  implement and assess technology-enhanced
  instruction to meet the diverse needs and
  abilities of all students.

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Roles of an MTT (cont.)

• MTT Role Dictated by State Standards
• Ensure Implementation of IDEA Policies
• STANDARD IV
• Assist school district
• Serves as resource
• Locates/Integrates Assistive Technologies

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Roles of an MTT (cont)

• STANDARD IV
• 2 Components
• MTT Knows
• MTT Can Do
• 4.1k
• 4.2k
• 4.3k
• 4.4k
• 4.5k

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Roles of an MTT (cont.)

• MTT Implements 5 Duties
• 4.1s
• 4.2s
• 4.3s
• 4.4s
• 4.5s

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Resources for MTTs

• Texas Assistive Technology Network (TATN)
• http//www.texasat.net/
• http//www.texasat.net/docs/Legal.Persp.Guides.pdf
  
• Texas Center for Disability Studies
• http//techaccess.edb.utexas.edu/resource.html

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Conclusion

• Research indicates that Assistive Technology is a
  key ingredient in our education system. The MTT
  educators also play an essential part in our
  education system thereby ensuring that Assistive
  Technology is located and made accessible to
  students with disabilities. Undoubtedly, the
  importance of Assistive Technology in education
  can ultimately open new learning pathways for
  students with disabilities by allowing them the
  same right to an appropriate education as those
  of their classmates.

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Works Cited

• ABLEDATA Information Center
• http//www.abledata.com/
• Assistive Technology in Texas Schools Series.
• http//www.texasat.net/docs/Admin.Persp.Suppl.Hndt
  s.pdf
• Brodwin, M. G., Star, T., Cardoso, E. (2004).
  Computer assistive technology for people who have
  disabilities Computer adaptions and modifica.
  Journal of Rehabilitation , 70 (3).
• Center for Implementing Technology in Education
• http//www.cited.org/index.aspx
• Crow, Kevin L. Four Types of Disabilities Their
  impact on online Learning. TechTrends. Vol. 52,
  Number 1. January/February 2008.
• Department of Education. Part II 34 CFR Parts 300
  and 30. Assistance to states for the education of
  children with disabilities and preschool grants
  for children with disabilities Final Rule. Aug.
  2006
• http//ritter.tea.state.tx.us/special.ed/rules/pdf
  /idea06fr.pdf
• Disability Info.gov
• http//www.disabilityinfo.gov/digov-public/public/
  DisplayPage.do?parentFolderId5347

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Works Cited

• Dyal, Allen Carpenter, Laura Bowden Wright,
  James V. "ASSISTIVE ECHNOLOGY WHAT EVERY SCHOOL
  LEADER SHOULD KNOW." Education. 3 2009. 556.
  eLibrary. ProQuest LLC. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS -
  BROWNSVILLE. 15 Nov 2009. lthttp//elibrary.bigchal
  k.com/curriculumgt.
• Education, D. o. (2006, August 14). Assistance to
  states for the education of children with
  disabilities and preschool grants for children
  with disabilities. Federal Register 34 CFR Parts
  200 and 201 , 46540-46844.
• Great Schools, Involved Parents, Successful Kids.
• http//www.greatschools.net/LD.topic?content1541
• Hardman, Michael L Dawson, Shirley. "The impact
  of federal public policy on curriculum and
  instruction for students with disabilities in the
  general Ccassroom." Preventing School Failure. 2
  2008. 5. eLibrary. ProQuest LLC. UNIVERSITY OF
  TEXAS - BROWNSVILLE. 15 Nov 2009.
  lthttp//elibrary.bigchalk.com/curriculumgt.
• Hoffman-Peak, Hillary. "A matrimonial
  practitioner's guide to special education law."
  American Journal of Family Law. 01 Jul 2009. 90.
  eLibrary. ProQuest LLC. UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS -
  BROWNSVILLE. 15 Nov 2009. lthttp//elibrary.bigchal
  k.com/curriculumgt.
• IDEAthe Individuals with Disabilities Education
  Act
• http//www.nichcy.org/Laws/IDEA/Pages/Default.aspx
  
• Lewis, R.B. (1993). Special Education Technology.
  Belmont, CA Brooks/Cole Publishing.
• National Dissemination Center for Children with
  Disabilities. Categories of Disabilities Under
  IDEA Law.
• http//www.nichcy.org/Disabilities/Categories/Page
  s/Default.aspx

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Works Cited

• Netherton, David L Deal, Walter F. "Assistive
  technology in the classroom." Technology Teacher.
  1 (2006) 10. eLibrary. ProQuest LLC. UNIVERSITY
  OF TEXAS - BROWNSVILLE. 15 Nov 2009.
  lthttp//elibrary.bigchalk.com/curriculumgt.
• Office of Special Education Programs
• http//www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/osep/in
  dex.html
• U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights
  Division, Disability Rights Section. A Guide to
  Disability Rights Laws. Sept. 2005.
• http//www.ada.gov/cguide.htmanchor65310
• Reed, Penry R. PhD. A Resource Guide For Teachers
  and Administrators About Assistive Technology.
  Sept. 2007.
• http//www.wati.org/content/supports/free/pdf/ATRe
  sourceGuideDec08.pdf
• SBEC (2007) Preparation Manual 086 Master
  Technology Teacher. Retrieved November 6, 2009,
  from http//www.texes.ets.org/assets/pdf/testprep_
  manuals/mttprepmanual.pdf
• Texas Education Agency. (2008). Special
  Education in Texas. Retrieved November 6, 2009
  from http//www.tea.state.tx.us/special.ed/astech/
  
• U.S. Department of Education. (2005). Sec. 300.5
  Assistive Technology Device. Retrieved November
  6, 2009
• from http//idea.ed.gov/explore/view/p/,root,regs
  ,300,A,300252E6
• U.S. Department of Education. (2006). Sec. 300.6
  Assistive Technology Service. Retrieved November
  6, 2009

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Pictures

• Slide 9, 10, 11, 24, 31, 39 - Assistive
  Technology Products
• http//www.abledata.com/
• Slide 14, 15 - http//search.creativecommons.org/
  
• Slide 22 - http//site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters
  /tw-history.html
• Slide 23 - http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiobook
• Slide 22 - http//beckerexhibits.wustl.edu/did/tim
  eline/
• Slide 25 38, 40
• Silva, Elvia Sole owner of graphic images.