Enhancing Education for Sustainable Development and Disaster Reduction

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Enhancing Education for Sustainable Development
and Disaster Reduction
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Priority area in the Hyogo framework for
action, 2005-2015 (outcome of Kobe
Conference) Knowledge, innovation and education -
Building a culture of resilient communities
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Ministerial Level Earth Observation Summit
Process - Way Forward -
IIIrd Summit Ministers adopts the Plan for the
creation of a Global Earth Observation System of
Systems (GEOSS) over the period of 2005-2015, and
identify the necessary human, budgetary,
scientific and technological resources for the
implementation of GEOSS. 17 February 2005,
Brussels
Satellite IKONOS (at 600 km altitude) May 15 2003
.
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• Education - in all its forms and at all levels
  - is not only an end in itself but is also one of
  the most powerful instruments we have for
  bringing about the changes required to achieve
  sustainable development.
• Koïchiro Matsuura,
• Director-General of UNESCO

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Education for disaster reduction is an
inextricable part of education for sustainable
development
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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 The best defense against disaster is a well
informed community  Franklin Mc Donald,
Director Natural Resources Conservation
Authority, Government of Jamaica
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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EDUCATION for disaster reduction is one of the
most powerful forces to bring about the changes
in the attitude towards natural hazards and to
ensure protection against their effects
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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3 pillars of Sustainable Developmentvalid for
disaster reduction

• Social perspectives
• Environmental perspectives
• Economic perspectives
• With culture as an underlying dimension

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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What is education for sustainable development
anddisaster reduction ?

• A new vision of education oriented on a culture
  of safety
• An education empowering people to commit
  themselves to sustainability and disaster
  reduction
• An education at all levels of education systems,
  using all modalities, and in all social contexts

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction Strengths
• There is a good track record of the value of
  education, it works!
• Education is a long term process. Well educated
  people can adapt to new situations in a
  responsive manner.
• Education does not do harm, unlike some other
  physical risk reduction measures

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Education for disaster reductionto accelerate
the progress of societies toward disaster
resilience
A process in which individuals gain awareness of
their environment and acquire knowledge, skills,
values, experiences, and also the determination,
which will enable them to act - individually and
collectively - to cope with disasters.
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction
• Objectives
• 1
• Participation - to provide individuals, groups
  and societies with opportunities to be actively
  involved in exercising their skills and be
  actively involved at all levels in working
  towards disaster reduction.

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction
• Objectives
• 2
• Knowledge - to help individuals, groups and
  societies gain a variety of experiences in, and a
  basic understanding of, the knowledge and action
  competencies required for disaster reduction

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction
• Objectives
• 3

Skills - to help individuals, groups and
societies acquire the action competence or skills
in order to be able to identify and anticipate
disasters and work with others to resolve,
minimise and prevent them
Structural engineering experiment, IIEES Lab.
UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Education for disaster reduction Objectives 4

• Values - to help individuals, groups and
  societies acquire feelings of concern for issues
  of vulnerability as well as a set of values upon
  which they can make judgements about appropriate
  ways of acting individually and with others to
  promote disaster reduction

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction
• a holistic concept, everybodys business, for
  which all sectors of society are responsible and
  from which all benefit
• a vision that integrates scientific, technical,
  economic, social, concerns
• a synergy of formal and unformal education

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• In the formal education sector
• From primary school to university and post
  graduate levels
• Integrate in curricula interdisciplinary
  approaches and issues related to disaster
  reduction
• Produce and disseminate teaching and learning
  materials, methodological guidelines, manuals
• Continuing education of professionals

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• In the non formal sector
• Adults and community learning
• Distance learning and other alternative delivery
  systems to reach the unreached
• an education capitalizing on traditional local
  knowledge and respecting cultural diversity
• public education and awareness materials

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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• Education for disaster reduction
• practice
• Use of Information and communication
  technologies, medias
• access to information, develop networks
• Behaviour change
• Community-based approach, participation
• Integrate traditional and indigenous models
• School-based programmes

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Education for disaster reductionstakeholders

• Governmental and intergovernmental bodies
• Public policy making and framework setting
• National campaigns
• Educational systems
• Civil society and NGOs
• Public awareness-raising, advocacy
• Consultancy and input into policy fomulation
• Deliver education in non formal settings,
  participatory learning and action
• Private sector
• Entrepreneurial initiatives and training
• Development and sharing of practices for disaster
  prevention

UNESCO Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• UNESCO'S STRATEGY
• ANTICIPATE hazards rather than react to
  disasters.
• SUPPORT current scientific programmes
  and enhance their interface with disaster
  prevention and preparedness ASSIST
  develop disaster preparedness programmes FOSTE
  R an integrated approach involving science,
  information, communication and education at
  all levels

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Natural Disaster Reduction
an interdisciplinary approach

• GLOBAL ACTIVITIES
• UNESCO contributes to and participates in global
  efforts that enhance disaster prevention and
  preparedness and risk reduction through education
  and training, information and
• communication at all levels. In cooperation with
  the different Divisions and Sectors of the
• Organization, support is given to activities
  that lead to
• Preparation of disaster preparedness and risk
  prevention programmes
• Adoption of aseismic building codes and suitable
  building design (including schools, monuments)
• Environmental protection awareness programmes for
  the prevention of disasters
• Rational land-use planning
• Setting up of reliable warning systems in
  volcanic eruptions, landslides, floods, etc.
• Protection of educational buildings and cultural
  heritage
• UNESCO also may provide minor emergency funds and
  technical assistance to affected countries in
  post-disaster rehabilitation.

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Programme for Assessment and Mitigation of
Earthquake Risk in the Arab Region (PAMERAR)
Accomplishments and Prospects
UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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1980El-Asnam Algeria10 October, 1324, 15 Km
east of El-Asnam, Ms7.3 focal depth 10 Km


One of the 85 destroyed schools
3000 people killed, 8500 injured, 480,000
homeless 30,000 housing units destroyed,
60,000 damaged economic lossesmore than
US4 billion archeological
sites damaged
UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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1983Arab Fund for Economic and Social
Development Islamic Development BankUNESCO


Algeria Egypt Irak Jordan Lebanon
Libya Morocco Syria Tunisia Sudan
UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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1984-2004UNESCO implements the training and
technical assistance components of the PAMERAR
projects in Tunisia, Morocco, Syria

UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction, 2005
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PAMERAR results Capacity building for
earthquake risk reduction more than 3500
person-days of training provided for scientists,
engineers and technicians, more than 40 missions
of technical assistance organizedDevelopment of
seismic networks300 seismometers and
accelerometers installed in Morocco, Tunisia,
Iraq, Yemen, Jordan, Syria and Egypt Earthquake
provisions to building codes in Algeria, Jordan,
Morocco and Tunisia

UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction,
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PAMERAR impact

PAMERAR has been a catalyst for the participation
of Arab States in international programmes and
initiatives such as SEISMED GSHAP EMSC RELEMR
UNESCO, Section for Disaster Reduction,
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Natural Disaster Reduction an
interdisciplinary approach OBJECTIVES AND
ACHIEVEMENTS OF PAMERAR Based on the
preliminary evaluation carried out, the
objectives of PAMERAR, on a national basis, are
to establish or reinforce seismic and strong
motion networks, promote the formulation of
aseismic building codes and provide training in
seismology, earthquake engineering and civil
defense.
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• Natural Disaster Reduction
• an interdisciplinary approach
• RESULTS
• Training courses in seismology, earthquake
  engineering and civil defense were conducted to
  develop skills.
• Seismic and strong motion networks of
  approximately 300 instruments have been
  installed, i.e. in Morocco, Tunisia, Iraq, Yemen,
  Jordan, Syria and Egypt, as well as equipment for
  civil defense.
• Earthquake resistant building codes have been
  set up in Algeria, Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia.

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• REGIONAL ACTIVITIES
• REDUCING EARTHQUAKE LOSSES
• IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN REGION
• (RELEMR)
• UNESCO and the US Geological Survey launched
  RELEMR in 1993. RELEMR is carried out with the
  European Mediterranean Seismic Centre (EMSC) and
  also partly funded by the Council of Europe
  through the Open Partial Agreement for Major
  Hazards.
• The participating countries are Cyprus, Egypt,
  Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, West Bank
  and Gaza Strip, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey and
  Yemen. Algeria, Greece, Mauritania, Morocco, Oman
  and Tunisia are also involved in some RELEMR
  activities.
• RELEMR, like all UNESCO s programmes on
  disaster reduction, contributes to the United
  Nations International Strategy for Disaster
  Reduction (ISDR).

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• RELEMR
• OBJECTIVES
• Future losses from earthquakes Future would be
  substantially reduced through the integrated
  implementation of
• Seismotectonic framework studies using
  geological, geophysical, geodetic, seismological,
  archaeological and historical techniques to
  improve understanding of the cause and nature of
  the seismicity.
• Earthquake monitoring using modern seismograph
  networks and strong-motion instrument arrays to
  determine earthquake parameters and
  characteristics.
• Assessment of earthquake hazards to estimate
  locations, recurrence intervals, and effects of
  future earthquakes.
• Assessment of risks to evaluate potential
  losses.
• Implementation of earthquake risk reduction
  measures to reduce vulnerabilities and losses.

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• RELEMR
• Coordination and Funding
• The U.S. Geological Survey and UNESCO fund and
  co-ordinate the activities of RELEMR. They
  organize projects and meetings, facilitate the
  exchange of data and information and assist in
  acquisition of resources.
• The EuropeanMediterranean Seismological Center
  (EMSC) - funded by the Council of Europe through
  the Open Partial Agreement for Major Hazards -
  co-ordinates the exchange of seismicity data
  among the participating countries. Additional
  co-ordination and support is provided by EMR
  earth sciences organizations, European and US
  earth sciences organizations.
• One of the recent accomplishments of the RELEMR
  programme was the compilation of the which was
  carried out under the Global Seismic Hazard
  Assessment Programme (GSHAP) umbrella

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• Continuing learning, international exchanges
• UNESCO Programme - Reducing Earthquake Losses
  in the Eastern Mediterranean Region
• ALGERIA, CYPRUS, EGYPT, GREECE, ISRAEL, IRAN,
  JORDAN, LEBANON, LIBYA, WEST BANK AND GAZA STRIP,
  MOROCCO, OMAN, SAUDI ARABIA, SYRIA,
  TUNISIA,TURKEY, YEMEN

more than 20 International Workshops to improve
and share seismic data for the adoption of
policies and actions of sound planning land-use
and construction techniques
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• UNESCO was the overall coordinator for the
  Project.
• The International Institute for Geoinformation
  Science and Earth Observation (ITC) hosted the
  Secretariat of the Programme
• The Centro de Prevención de Desastres Naturales
  en América Central (CEPREDENAC) was the regional
  coordinator
• The Technical University of Delft and the
  Utrecht University were partners

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• A core team of 19 experts of 5 countries was
  selected, representing 17 key institutions
  involved in geohazard assessment or in charge of
  land-use planning, urban and infrastructural
  development, water resources planning.
• An initial training session held in the
  Netherlands and in Costa Rica provided them
  practical methods for hazard and risk zonation
  -at various scales in four geo-hazard fields
  landsliding, earthquakes, flooding, volcanism,
  and for design and handling of geodata bases.
•  
• The fully trained specialists start the
  application of the acquired knowledge in their
  respective institutions in the framework of pilot
  projects. Five pilot projects duly selected
  started in February 2002.
• These pilot projects included fieldworks, and
  workshops held at the national and regional level
  to exchange experiences between the participants
  and short refresher courses.
•  A final workshop, the publication of
  proceedings, the production and distribution of
  risk maps and training packages, national and
  regional established networks enabled a broad
  dissemination of the results of the project and
  its continuation.

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Natural Disaster Reduction an
interdisciplinary approach REGIONAL ACTION
PROGRAMME FOR CENTRAL AMERICA RAP-CA
(1999-2002) The programme is presently known as
Capacity Building for Natural Disaster Reduction
(CBNDR). Within the framework of CBNDR is the
Regional Programme for Central America (RAP-CA).
The participating countries are Belize, Costa
Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama. The RAP-CA
project is being carried out in cooperation with
Centro de Coordinacion para la Prevencion de los
Desastres Naturales en America Centrale
(CEPREDENAC), an intergovernmental organization
for the coordination of activities related to
disaster reduction in Central America.

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Natural Disaster Reduction an
interdisciplinary approach

• OBJECTIVES OF RAP-CA
• The objectives of RAP-CA are to strengthen the
  capacity of countries concerned for disaster
  reduction using technical and scientific
  information in a holistic view and to develop
  participating methodologies in decision-making.
  This includes training of experts in the fields
  of geo-hazards (earthquakes, volcanism,
  landslides, floods) and the use of GIS-based
  methods of hazard and risk zonation mapping as
  input to the decision-making process and the
  development agenda. Furthermore, the objective is
  to influence politics and/or politicians at the
  national and regional levels to shift emphasis of
  policies concerning disaster reduction from
  short-term actions to longer-term actions and
  thinking.

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RAP-CA / COSTA RICA Earthquakes REINFORCEMENT OF
INFORMATION ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING CAPACITY FOR
NATURAL RISK REDUCTION AT THE MUNICIPALITY LEVEL
USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS TOOLS,
MUNICIPALITY OF CANAS, COSTA RICA.
Seismic Risk map of the city of Canas ( in case
of earthquake of VIII MM intensity)
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RAP-CA / THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Floods Landslides
DEVELOPMENT OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE ASSESSMENT
OF FLOODS AND LANDSLIDES HAZARD AND RISK IN THE
MEDIUM AND LOWER PART OF RIO YAQUE DEL SUR,
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
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RAP-CA / Honduras Floods, landslides
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS)
DEVELOPMENT FOR NATURAL DISASTER AWARENESS AND
PREPAREDNESS FOR EMERGENCIES
Distribution of 1 floor, 2floors, 3floors and
more than 3 floors buildings, Tegucigalpa.
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RAP-CA / Guatemala Volcanic eruptionsPyroclast
ic flowsFlash floods
 ZONIFICACIÓN DE AMENAZAS NATURALES EN LA CUENCA
DEL RÍO SAMALÁ Y ANÁLISIS DE VULNERABILIDAD Y
RIESGO EN LA POBLACIÓN DE SAN SEBASTIÁN
RETALHULEU. 
Pyroclastic flows,1983
Vulnerability map of San Sebastián Retalhuleu
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RAP-CA / El Salvador Floods, landslides
ANALISIS DE RIESGO POR INUNDACIONES Y
DESLIZAMIENTOS DE TIERRA EN LA MICROCUENCA DEL
ARENAL DE MONTSERRAT, EL SALVADOR
mapa indican la distribución espacial de las
densidades de población en la microcuenca.
Landslide, 13 January 2001
Floods, 2000, 2002
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The pilot studies have resulted in the production
and dissemination of six country reports in
Spanish and Training Packages on CD-ROMs
RAP-CA training packages
RAP-CA training package
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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
• UNESCO cooperates with scientific institutes,
  universities and governmental and
  non-governmental bodies in the production of
  information materials on disaster reduction such
  as manuals, training materials, information
  brochures and videos.

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• Dissemination of Information
• The Directory of Volcano Observatories, 1997
• The annual publication of the Directory of
  Volcano Observatories of the World Organization
  of Volcano Observatory (WOVO) is co-sponsored by
  UNESCO and the International Association for
  Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth Interior
  (IAVCEI)
• Monitoring and Mitigation of Volcano Hazards
• (Scarpa, Tilling, Eds), 1996, Springer This
  book provides a selective review of the theory
  and methods of volcano monitoring and
  volcano-hazards studies, empirical and modeling.
  (Available in specialized bookshops.)

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
• TRAINING MATERIALS
• Training Manual on Volcanic Disaster Reduction,
  1998 This manual aims at providing professionals
  who are mainly involved in national civil
  defense, urban and countryside development, with
  the necessary background on volcanic disaster
  mitigation. This material is a joint effort and
  collaboration of UNESCO and the Philippine
  Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
  (PHIVOLCS).
• Training materials for disaster reduction, 1995.
  Four multidisciplinary training modules address
  two natural hazards earthquakes and floods.
  These modules, which are meant for professionals
  in the civil service and staff of
  non-governmental organizations, are tools which
  trainers can select from and combine parts of
  special interest in an unlimited way. This
  project has been funded by the governments of the
  Netherlands, Denmark and Belgium.

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION
• INFORMATION MATERIALS
• Information materials, in comics version, on
  earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis and
  liquefaction have been produced for
  schoolchildren by the Philippine Institute of
  Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) under the
  sponsorship of UNESCO.
• .

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Design Challenge Goes Global
E -Letter from a Journal in California on UNESCO
Work
 
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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAMMES
• INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMME (IGCP)
• IGCP is a global earth science programme which
  promotes transdisciplinary cooperation and
  collaboration between scientists of developed and
  developing countries. Five IGCP projects
  currently focus on natural hazards
• Earthquake hazards in the Mediterranean region
• Earthquake hazards in the West Pacific/Asia
  region Seismic ground motion in large urban
  areas Landslide hazards and cultural heritage
• Mantle dynamics and natural disasters

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• UNESCO-IUGS Geological Applications of Remote
  Sensing Programme (GARS)
• GARS was created in the 1980 to stimulate
  research in the use of advanced remote sensing
  sensor data for geological research of
  particular interest for developing countries.
• The programme engaged also in capacity building
  and training activities to stimulate the
  networking between scientist from industrialised
  and developing countries.
• Activities focussed on the study of the geology
  of heavily vegetated terrains in the Central
  African Region, landslides in the Latin American
  Andes, volcanism and earthquakes in Asia and
  trans-boundary aquifers in the Arab Region.

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• UNESCO-IUGS Geological Applications of Remote
  Sensing Programme (GARS)
• In 2002 GARS assisted developing country
  scientists to participate in the development of
  an IGOS Geo-hazard Theme Study
• The IGOS Geohazard report was published in 2004
• The implementation phase of the findings of the
  report is undertaken jointly by the GARS
  Programme and the ESA-BRGM Geohazard Bureau

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Natural Disaster Reductionan interdisciplinary
approach

• COOPERATIVE PROGRAMMES
• INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGICAL GEOPHYSICAL TRAINING
  COURSES
• UNESCO organises in cooperation with scientific
  institutes worldwide some 20 international
  training courses in geology and geophysics at
  post graduate level which promotes
  trans-disciplinary cooperation and collaboration
  between experts of industrialised developed and
  developing countries.

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SPACE EDUCATION PROGRAMME
(SEP)
Space as an educational and research tool an
innovative approach to science education
Enhance space subjects and disciplines in schools
and universities,
particularly in developing countries
Partners space agencies, space industries,
space-related IGOs, NGOs and associations