Modelling Processes of Real Estate Transactions in Hungary

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Modelling Processes of Real Estate Transactions
in Hungary

• COST Workshop October 2002, Delft

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Principles of land property policy

• controlling the properties market
• limiting the possibility of the purchase
• limiting the maximum and minimum of the land
  properties
• assisting the economical farming with concentrate
  of small parcels
• creating the fundament of the farming on the
  large scale, cooperatives and farming
• applying the best possibilities and the modern
  technical means and methods.

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The main stations of the evolution of the Land
Properties Structure in HungaryDivision of the
Farms and the Area in 1935
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The size of the allotted land according to the
profession of the people
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Situtation after the compensation act 1992
The numbers of benefit 41,3 million AK (Gold
Crown) 3,0 miilion hectars
Part-owners
38,6 million AK 2,1 miilion hectars
Employers 10,5 million AK 0,7
million hectars Sum
90,4 million AK 5,8 million hectars
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States of the ownerships before and after the
political changes
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Situation of the Real Property Market in
HungaryLegal background of the real properties

• Under Hungarian law the right of ownership is the
  most absolute right regarding an asset. Is
  entitled to
• the rights and protections of possessions,
• the rights of use and usufruct, and
• the rights of disposition (to surrender the
  possession, or usufruct of something to another
  person to use as security or encumber it in
  another way ).

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• Generally the following will be remain under
  exclusive state owner ship in Hungary
• the treasures of the earth
• underground waters, the natural basins of
  underground rivers and natural lakes and beds
  thereof,
• national public roads, railroads, waterways,
  national public ports and international
  commercial airports.

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Real properties can be

• A plot of land surface together with the
  building, provided that the landowner owns the
  building as well, or
• A building if it is not owned or is only partly
  owned, by the landowner, a freehold and
  cooperative flats located in a block and the
  premises in the aforementioned buildings which
  are separately owned and not used for dwelling
  purpose.

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Property markets

• Office
• Retail
• Industrial
• Investment

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Actors of the property change flow
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Actors of the subdivision flow
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Governmental and official actors

• The local government, municipality building
  authority
• responsible to issue the final, legal permission
  for subdivision or any legal boundary changes
  based on the detailed town or land use planning
  and building regulations.
• District Land Offices
• responsible to certify the survey plan of any
  legal boundary changes and also the registration
  of changes on cadastral maps ( survey department)
  and on the property sheet (legal document)

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The Hungarian land registry consist of

• The ownership file (containing the legally
  important data about a piece of real estate and
  the rights and facts related to the real estate,
  e.g. lot number, size, right to use the land,
  mortgages, options, prohibitions of transfer,
  etc)
• The land book (containing the information about
  the real estate which is important to the
  registration)
• The land registry map which shows the plots of
  land and the ground
• The archives.

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Data in the register

• Technical data of the parcels (identified, land
  used, size of parcels etc.)
• Legal data (ownership, lease and its interested,
  etc.)
• Land value (land qualification, economical value)
• Graphical data (maps, regional plans, etc.)

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Property sheet, page 1
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Property sheet, page 2
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Property sheet, page 3

• other rights,
• mortgage information,
• restrictions,
• limitations,
• jointures,
• easements, etc

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Map basics
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TAKAROS Dinky (national map-based digital
cadastre system)
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Flow of the subdivision process
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Flow of the ownership-change process
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Role of the College

• OLLO
• DLG
• SDiLA
• UNIPHORM
• Panel GI
• LIME
• NODE
• With partners from all over Europe
• UeL, MU, US, ZGIS, Ordance Survey, GISIG, ITC

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Thank you for your attention!

• Judit Nyiri
• and
• Krisztina Járja