Microchips

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Microchips
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Silicon

• Crystalline structure much like a diamond
• Combines easily with metals and non-metals

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Step 1

• Heat Silicon Dioxide with wood and coke
• Refine through multiple gaseous phases into an
  INGOT

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Step 2

• Observe under X-ray microscope
• Slice into wafers 20 thousandths of an inch
• Water used as lubricant
• Wafers splashed with aluminum

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Final Cleaning

• Washed with Potassium Hydroxide

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Film Addition

• Film placed on wafer
• Washed in acid bath to reduce contaminants

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Metal Added

• Metal splashed over the wafer
• Gases run over the wafer

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Photolithography

• Exposed to carbon which is soluble in ultraviolet
  light

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Multiple Layers Etched

• Bathed in Acid

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Water Pollution

• Acids
• cyanide compounds
• organic solvents
• silicon tetrachloride
• arsine gas