Nucleic Acids and Proteins

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Nucleic Acids and Proteins
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DO NOW

• What are nucleic acids?
• Name some examples. Can these examples be found
  in your body?

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NUCLEIC ACID

• Compounds that contain phosphorus, nitrogen,
  carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

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Two Types

• 1.
• 2.

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What are their function?

• DNA hereditary material
• RNA involved with proteins

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Structure of Nucleic Acids

• Like a necklace made up of nucleotides

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Three things that make up a nucleotide

• 1. 5 carbon sugar (differs if RNA or DNA)
• 2. phosphate group (PO4)
• 3.Nitrogenous Base

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(No Transcript)
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Types of Nitrogenous Bases

• 1. Adenine (A)
• 2. Thymine (T)
• 3. Cytosine (C)
• 4. Guanine (G)

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Lets Draw our 4 nucleotides

• Adenine bond to Thymine
• Cytosine bond to Guanine

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What is the shape of a nucleic acid?

• Ladder (2 chains) with each step being an A/T or
  C/G
• Lets Draw

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Difference for RNA

• 1. Only 1 chain not 2
• No thymine, instead uracil (U)what do you think
  adenine binds with?

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Proteins

• Contain carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen,
  sulfur, and phosphorus

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Where are they found?

• Body tissues such as bone, cartilage, muscle
• Hormones

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What are they made up of?

• AMINO ACIDS
• 1.Carboxyl group (COOH)
• 2. Amino group (NH2)
• 3. Hydrogen
• 4. Side chain that differs according to protein
  (R)

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EXAMPLES
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DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS

• Reactants 2 amino acids
• Combine to form a peptide bond
• Products dipeptide water

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Polypeptide

• Protein made up of a long chain of amino acids

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Structure of Protein

• Three shapes
• Coils or helixes
• Pleated Sheets
• Gobules

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EXAMPLES
Gobule
Pleated Sheet
Coil