The Decline of the Ottoman Empire

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Poles
Jews
Czechs
French
Bismarks Germany 1871 A nation of the
Germanic peoples
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• Some features of successful nationalist
  movements
• We versus Them easy to identify the Other
• Common culture, easily drawn boundaries
• Unites people of different social classes

• What kind of nationalism is it?
• Does it build larger units or tear apart
  multi-national units?
• Does it claim racial or cultural superiority over
  others?
• Does it give national minorities equal rights or
  exclude them?

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Corn and Wheat
Commerce and Banking
Largest population in Europe Economy grows
fastest in Europe Bismarks State socialism
Govt helps industry grow Social benefits to
German people Few democratic rights Main
military power in Eur
Iron and Coal
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The British Empire 1871
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Partition of Africa 1914German territory
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Partition of Africa 1914Belgian Congo
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The British Plan for Africa from Egypt to South
Africa
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Partition of Africa 1914German territory
Egypt
South Africa
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Ottoman Empire 1580
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Ottoman Empire, 1699
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Strengths become weaknesses

• Tolerance of ethnicities and religions
• Leadership (sultan) appointed by god
• Elite janissary corps helps rule the state

• Nationalism tears state apart - ethnic and
  religious strife
• Modernization conflicts with religious precepts
• Elites resist efforts to modernize - whats in it
  for them?

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Ottoman Empire 1797
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Ottoman Empire 1871
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Ottoman Empire 1885
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Ottoman Empire 1914
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The Eastern Question How should the Ottoman
Empire be dismantled? Who should benefit?
Ottoman Empire 1914
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Austrian Empire
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Muhammad Ali
of Louisville of Albania
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Muhammad Ali
of Louisville of Albania
World Heavyweight Champion
Ruler of Egypt
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Muhammad Alis EgyptStrengths Weaknesses

• Agricultural breadbasket - wheat and cotton
• Egyptian autonomy from Ottomans
• Modernization efforts begin in education,
  agriculture, industry (textile mills - cotton is
  right there! )

• Peasants resist modernization
• Hard to be an Egyptian nationalist as an Albanian
• Lack of coal, iron
• Europeans demand free trade, Egyptians cant
  compete with cheaper English goods

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• Some features of successful nationalist
  movements
• We versus Them easy to identify the Other
• Common culture, easily drawn boundaries
• Unites people of different social classes

• What kind of nationalism is it?
• Does it build larger units or tear apart
  multi-national units?
• Does it claim racial or cultural superiority over
  others?
• Does it give national minorities equal rights or
  exclude them?