Title: Current Affairs in the Finnish Nuclear Sector
1Current Affairs in the Finnish Nuclear Sector
- The 21st Meeting of the IAEA TWG-NPPCI
- May 23-25, 2007
- Vienna
- Janne Valkonen
2Contents of the presentation
- Finnish nuclear industry in brief
- Loviisa (Fortum) activities
- Olkiluoto (TVO) activities
- Research activities
- Recommendations
3Finnish nuclear industry in brief
Olkiluoto 1 BWR 75, 840MWe, 1979 Olkiluoto 2
BWR 75, 840MWe, 1982 (Olkiluoto 3 EPR, 1600MWe,
2010-11)
Loviisa 1 VVER-440, 488MWe, 1977 Loviisa 2
VVER-440, 488MWe, 1981
4Finnish nuclear industry in brief
- Power utilities
- Regulatory authority
- Research centre
- Waste management
5Activities related to IC systemsin the Loviisa
NPP
- IAEA-TWG-NPPCI
- (Technical Working Group on Nuclear Power Plant
Control and Instrumentation) - May 2007
- Slides by Martti Välisuo
6Loviisa 1 and 2 automation renewal (LARA-project)
- In the LARA-project the IC systems of the plant
will be renewed gradually there will be four
stages per plant unit. - The first system commissioning will take place
this year (2007) and the last in the year 2014.
7Automation renewal supports the operation of the
plant
- The goals of the plant operation are
- maintaining safety on its current good level
- maintaining availability on its current good
level - long operation time (50 years).
8Scope of the renewal project
To be renewed
Control room
IC cabinets (Data acquistion, control logic)
Switchgear
Training simulator
Measurements
Actuators
9Main principles of the renewal
- The IC functions will remain as they are, as a
rule. - Tolerance of CCFs will be built in the IC
concept. - New IC cabinets will be placed in new buildings
that fulfill all new requirements. - Fortum selected a competent supplier with
applicable products. - Simulators will be used extensively for various
purposes - process and control design
- transient and accident analyses
- development and validation of the HMI
- testing of IC
- operator training.
10Stages of renewal (1)
- There will be four renewal stages
- Part of reactor IC and nuclear water treatment
IC - Reactor protection system
- Scram
- ESFAS
- IC of the emergency diesel generators
- IC of the primary circuit and the relating
auxiliary systems - IC of the secondary circuit and the relating
auxiliary systems
11Stages of renewal (2)
12Supplier and platforms
- Fortum has made a contract of the first three
stages with the consortium of AREVA NP (former
Framatome ANP) and Siemens AG. - AREVA's platforms are used for the safety IC
- TELEPERM XS
- QDS (Qualified Display System)
- Hardwired equipment (for the Manual Backup of the
Reactor Protection System). - Siemens' platforms are used for the operational
IC (and for the Automatic Backup of the Reactor
Protection System) - SPPA T2000 (former TELEPERM XP)
- OM690 (operating stations).
13Diversity
- The Reactor Protection functions will be
implemented with two independent and diverse
protection layers. - Protection layer 1
- Reactor Protection System (automatic)
- TELEPERM XS
- Protection layer 2
- Manual Backup
- Hardwired equipment
- Automatic Backup (includes only urgent functions)
- SPPA T2000
- Additionally, functional diversity is designed
inside each protection layer.
14Illustration of the future control room
15New control building (Loviisa 1, building 2.
Autumn 2005)
16- TVO 1 AND 2
- MAIN IC ACTIVITIES
- 9.5.2007
17GENERAL
- OL1 and OL2 plants have operated well without any
remarkable technical disturbances - Average capacity factor 2006 was 95,4 and total
production 14,3 TWh -
- Lot of effort have been concentrated to
management of ageing
18MAIN RENEWAL
- 2006 were finalized turbine island modernization
including - HP-turbine modifications
- New 2-stage reheater
- New steam dryer (moisture 0,3 -gt 0,01)
- New turbine automation system including control
room equipment - New 6,6 kV switchgears
- Net power increase about 20 MW per unit
- Also water handling and desalination system
automation were modernized
19IC MAIN ACTIVITIES DURING 2007
- Gas turbine plant will be finalized, 100 MW unit
for grid support and emergency power - Minor IC renewals will be started
- Plant radiation monitoring system renewal
- Environment radiation monitoring system
- Weather station
- Seawater cleaning screens automation
-
20IC FUTURE PLANS (not fixed)
- Half-long service outage 2010-2011
- Low-pressure turbine modernisation
- Low pressure turbine renewal
- Turbine vibration monitoring renewal
- Automation for condensation water handling
- Generator renewal
- Reactor main steam line isolation valves
- Long service outage 2015-2016
- Renewal of reactor automation
- Renewal of reactor automation
- Core shroud and other internals
- High pressure turbine optimization
- Cables
21Source TVO image archive
22Source TVO image archive
23Research activities at VTT
- SAFIR 20032006 research programme ended
- New programme SAFIR2010 just started
- Total volume in 2007 approximately 46 person
years and 6,3 M
24SAFIR2010 research areas
- SAFIR2010 research programme is divided in eight
research areas, which are - 1. Organisation and human factors
- 2. Automation and control room
- 3. Fuel and reactor physics
- 4. Thermal hydraulics
- 5. Severe accidents
- 6. Structural safety of reactor circuit
- 7. Construction safety
- 8. Probabilistic safety analysis (PSA)
- These research areas include both research
projects of the named topic and interdisciplinary
co-operation projects.
25SAFIR2010 Projects 2007Area 2 Automation and
control room
- MODSAFE Model-based safety evaluation of
automation systems - CERFAS Certification facilities for software
- OPRACTICE Operator practices and human-system
interfaces in computer-based control stations
26MODSAFE - Model-based safety evaluation of
automation systems (1)
- Background
- Formal models can be/are used in various phases
of automation design (e.g. functional block
diagrams, state machines, UML-models etc.) - Tools for model checking are available
- Possibilities to get into a hazardous situation
can be identified by analysing models - Need of tools for analysis of safety functions
based on programmable technology
27MODSAFE - Model-based safety evaluation of
automation systems (2)
- Objectives
- Development of methods for model based safety
evaluation of NPP automation - Application of the methods in selected case
studies - Evaluation of the suitability of formal model
checking methods for NPP automation analysis - Operationalization of model based safety
evaluation as a part of safety case of safety
automation systems - Development of recommendations for the practical
application of the methods
28O'PRACTICE - Operator practices and human-system
interfaces in computer-based control stations (1)
- Starting point
- Challenges caused by control room (CR) and
human-system interface (HSI) upgrades - Objectives
- Develop practices of Human Factors Engineering
(HFE) for the design, operation and evaluation of
human-system interfaces at NPP control rooms - Promote safe use of digital technologies
- Develop new methods and practices for the
management of design process and evaluation of
the safety of HSIs - Develop expertise on user-centred design of
complex industrial systems in Finland - Promote international collaboration with research
and expert organizations, and institutions - Strengthen delivery of expertise in the field of
user-centred design.
29O'PRACTICE - Operator practices and human-system
interfaces in computer-based control stations (2)
- Key research activities in 2007
- New tools of collaboration for operating
personnel - Survey user needs for collaborative tools such as
large screen displays - Study usage practices of large-screen displays
and computer-based procedures - Development of new concept of operation for
fully-digitalized control rooms - Study the use of Information Rich large screen
displays for process control purposes - Develop a novel operating support system
prototype based on methods of semantic modelling,
dialogic interviews and user studies - Evaluation of control rooms and human-system
interfaces - Study the adequacy, effectiveness and safety of
hybrid human-system interfaces
30CERFAS - Certification facilities for software
- Purpose is to develop facilities for a software
certification service - Networking in the area of software certification
services. Certifiers must have competing products
and unique features that are desired by the
clients. - The objective is to develop facilities for
flexible, supported, commercially exploitable,
high quality software certification service able
to certify safety critical and safety related
software. - Also advanced methods for evaluation of software
process and artefacts, that is, documents, code,
test plans, etc. competence development to
provide facilities for software certification
service.
31Recommendations to the TWG-NPPCI (1)
- Possibilities of Open Souce in the area of
safety-critical software. - Design and licencing patterns as a means to
enhance readiness to develop and evaluate
safety-critical software. - Automated tools for the analysis of software
modules (model based approaches). - Managing the large difference in lifetime between
nuclear power plants and their IC systems.
32Recommendations to the TWG-NPPCI (2)
- Concept of operations and operator practices in
digitalised control rooms. - Functional task analysis for operator
functions. - Information tools for improving collaboration
between operations and maintenance. - Role of large screen displays in supporting
situation awareness. - New methods to analyse and control mental effort
in stress situations. - Human Factors Engineering practices in design of
automation and control stations.
33Acknowledgements
- Martti Välisuo, Fortum Nuclear Services
- Olli Hoikkala, TVO
- Juhani Hyvärinen, STUK
- Hannu Harju, VTT
- Jari Laarni, VTT
- THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!