Carrier Ethernet in Depth: Access, Metro and Core

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Carrier Ethernet in Depth Access, Metro and Core
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Moderator and Panelists
Paul Indoo Product Marketing Manager
Nortel pin_at_nortel.com
Henrik Bremerskov Director, Strategic
Marketing Actelis Networks henrik.bremerskov_at_actel
is.com
Joachim Bürkle Manager, Market Development,
Nortel joachim.buerkle_at_nortel.com
Michael Haugh Sr. Product Manager Ixia
Communications mhaugh_at_ixiacom.com
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Introduction

• Paul Indoo - Moderator

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Carrier Ethernet Scope and Expansion
Bringing vastly extended scalability for business
and residential users
HD TV TVoD, VoD
Gaming, Business Backup, ERP
Voice gateway
Voice/Video Telephony
Video Source
Video Source
Carrier Ethernet
Network
Business Broadband
COPPER, FIBER, COAX and WIRELESS
Broadband mobile data/video
E-Line and E-LAN service
Residential Triple-Play
Small/Medium Business
FTTx and DSLAM , Cable Modem
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Carrier Ethernet Architecture
Metro
Metro
Business
Business
Core
Residential
Residential

• Metro
• SDH/SONET
• 802.1ad Q-in-Q
• PBB/PBB-TE (PBT)
• IP/MPLS
• MPLS-TP
• T-MPLS

• Core
• Primarily IP/MPLS
• SDH/SONET
• WDM

• Service Management
• Ethernet OAM/CFM
• MPLS OAM
• End-to-end requires inter-working

• Access
• PDH
• Active fibre
• PON
• HFC
• Wireless
• CE UNI must be Ethernet

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Access

• Henrik Bremerskov

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Ethernet Access over Copper

• ITU standard for Ethernet in the first mile
  include multiple PHY options to provide a
  ubiquitous service footprint
• Hybrid copper and fiber deployments provide a
  seamless end-to-end Ethernet access for Ethernet
  Metro core networks
• Fiber to the node, copper from the curb

Metro Core
Internet
EFM Access
Triple play
Extended Range
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Ethernet over PDH
Subscriber Ethernet Frame in S-VLAN / EVC
Ethernet Frame
Bonded T1s/E1s
Channelized DS3/E3
EoPDH Aggregator
EoPDH CLE
Ethernet Transport Network
Enterprise or Cell Site
LEC/PTT
IP
IP
ETH
ETH

• Ethernet Frames enter EoPDH Customer Located
  Equipment (CLE) and encapsulated
• Into MLPPP or GFP for transport over PDH network
• LEC/PTT network multiplexes T1s/E1s into
  channelized DS3 or E3 circuits
• Channelized DS3/E3 circuits terminated on EoPDH
  edge aggregation device
• T1s/E1s extracted from channelized DS3/E3
  circuits
• MLPPP or GFP terminated and Ethernet Frame
  Extracted
• Each subscribers Ethernet frames mapped to
  S-VLANs (EVC)
• To preserve subscribers C-VLAN IDs and 802.1p
  CoS
• S-VLAN-tagged Ethernet frame (EVC) to Ethernet
  Transport Network
• Providing transport for EVPL, E-LAN or access to
  IP services, e.g., Internet access

Enables multiple revenue generating services over
same PDH infrastructure
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Ethernet Access over Active Fiber

• Distance
• Up to 140 Km with No Bandwidth Loss
• Highest Bandwidth Capacity
• P2P 100 Mbps, 1 Gigabit, 10 Gigabit
• WDM 100s of Gigabits
• Security
• Physically Secure Medium with no EMF emission
  nearly impossible to tap lines
• Scalability
• EVC / E-Line / E-LAN using Q-in-Q VLAN
• High Capacity enables Rate Limiting tiered
  services
• Reliability
• - Protection with Redundant Links Resilient
  Rings
• - OAM Performance Monitoring Fault
  Notification
• Secure Service Management
• 802.3ah OAM IP-less Management Provisioning
• NIDs provide Securely Managed Demarcation

Central Office
Media Conversion
NID Demarcation
Multi-Customer NID Demarcation
A/D Mux
WDM Ring
A/D Mux
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Ethernet Access over Passive Optical Networks

• Technology that offers
• Passive splitters used to share a single fiber
  among subscribers
• Bandwidth per subscriber to 2.5Gb/s downstream /
  1.25Gb/s upstream
• No electronics in outside plant
• GPON or WDM PON

Optical Network Terminal (ONT)
CPE
10/100/1000
Wavelength Splitter/Combiner
1310nm l
Optical Line Terminal (OLT)
1490nm l
Subscribers
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Carrier Ethernet over HFC Cable Plant
Metro Ring
PWE
PWE
PON
FTTC
FTTP
100 Mbps
Up to 1Gbps
WDM
WDM
1-10 Gbps
Coax Trunk
Cable Amplifier
Cable HFC Node
1-10 Gbps
WDM
1 Gbps
Switched Ethernet Over Coax
WDM
fiber
coax
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Ethernet Access over Wireless Optical Mesh

• Service Provider Requirements
• Fast service activation
• Profitable / high margin
• Minimal capex
• High bandwidth
• Reliable service
• Scalable bandwidth
• No licensing or permits
• No interference
• The Wireless Optical Mesh
• An Alternative to Lateral Fiber Expansion
• Service provider can lower the cost of reaching
  the customer from 95
• Turn the network up indays vs. months
• Achieve an ROI of just afew months

Time to add six more fiber laterals 2-3 months
Fiber
Time to install 7 optical mesh nodes 2 days
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Metro

• Michael Haugh

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Ethernet over SONET/SDH

• GFP encapsulates Ethernet and other data
  protocols into SONET/SDH
• VCAT Right-sizes pipe for efficient bandwidth
  utilisation
• LCAS dynamically adjusts the bandwidth of virtual
  concatenated containers
• Minimises capital investment
• Existing infrastructure is re-used
• Simple service introduction
• Existing OSS practices are used

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Ethernet over MPLS (VPLS)

• VPLS is defined by the IETF (RFC4762)
• Scales - Metro, Nationally or Internationally
• CPE can be a Switch or a Router
• 4096 VLAN limitation overcome through MPLS
  encapsulation tunneling
• VLANs used as service delimiters on access links
  to enterprise
• No Spanning Tree required

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Evolving MPLS with MPLS-TP

• MPLS-TP a simplified transport profile of MPLS
• Client-Server independence
• Strictly connection-oriented
• Transport-grade OAM survivability
• NMS or ASON/GMPLS control plane
• T-MPLS original ITU-T standard
• Joint working group with the IETF is now driving
  the activity

OAMP
Client Network
Client Network
MPLS-TP

PE
1
CE
1
CE
2
Ethernet
Adaptation
Adaptation
Ethernet
Backup LSP
Frame
Layer
Layer
Frame
MPLS
MPLS
LSP
LSP
Stacks
Stacks
Layer 1
Layer 1
,
MPLS-TPbetween PEs
Adaptation layer on the PEs to enable transport
of specific payload
Ethernet connection between CEs
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Provider Backbone Bridges (PBB)
Payload
Payload
Payload
Ethertype
Ethertype
Payload
C-VID
C-VID
SA Source MAC address DA Destination MAC
address VID VLAN ID C-VID Customer VID S-VID
Service VID I-SID Service ID B-VID Backbone
VID B-DA Backbone DA B-SA Backbone SA
Ethertype
Ethertype
Ethertype
VID
S-VID
S-VID
Ethertype
Ethertype
Ethertype
Ethertype
SA
SA
SA
SA
DA
DA
DA
DA
802.1
802.1q
802.1ad Provider Bridges
I-SID
Ethertype
B-VID
Ethertype
B-SA
B-DA
802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridges
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Provider Backbone Bridges Traffic Engineering

• PBB-TE creates deterministic paths through an
  Ethernet network
• Tunnels can be used to provide 50ms resilience,
  load sharing, path diversity
• Relies on Ethernet switch/bridge forwarding
  behavior, but turns some functions off
• Flooding of unknowns
• Spanning Tree Protocol
• Source address Learning
• Management tool sets up connections, populating
  switch bridging tables
• Allows efficient usage of network resources
• The VLAN tag is no longer a network global
  scaling issues are removed
• VLAN tags now used to set up per destination
  alternate paths
• A range of VLANs can be used for bridging (PBB)
  and another range for PBB-TE

DA PE3 VLAN 45
PE3
PE2
DA PE3 VLAN 50
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Core

• Joachim Bürkle

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Ethernet Pseudowire Basics
X
Y
A
B
Ethernet Attachment Circuit
Ethernet Attachment Circuit
Ethernet PWE between A B
MPLS Tunnel from A to B
MPLS standards exist for carrying Ethernet
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Ethernet Pseudowire with PBB
X
Y
A
B
Ethernet Attachment Circuit
Ethernet Attachment Circuit
Ethernet PWE between A B
MPLS Tunnel from A to B
MPLS carries PBB No change required!
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Scalability with PBB VPLS
PBB VPLS
VPLS
PE-rs
PE-rs
MPLS
PBB
MPLS
MPLS
MPLS
PBB
PE-rs
MTU-s
MTU-s
PE-rs
MTU-s
MTU-s
MAC Addresses / node
MAC Addresses / node
PE-rs
100,000s
100,000s
Provider Edge Routing Switching
PE-rs
MTU-s
Multi-tenant Unit Switch
1,000s
1,000s
MTU-s
MTU-s
Customer MACs
PE-rs
0
0
Backbone MACs

• Hub PE-rs gets visibility of customer MACs

• MAC tables in PE-rs get reduced to as low as 1
  Backbone MAC per spoke node

PBB solves the MAC explosion problem for large
scale services
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Summary

• A variety of access options increase the
  availability of Carrier Ethernet services
• Ethernet over MPLS provides a reliable solution
  in the core
• New transport options developed for metro
  networks have emerged
• End-to-end services can use different transport
  options in the access, metro and core
• PBB VPLS provides a scalable solution for
  global Ethernet services

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QA
Paul Indoo Product Marketing Manager
Nortel pin_at_nortel.com
Henrik Bremerskov Director, Strategic
Marketing Actelis Networks henrik.bremerskov_at_actel
is.com
Joachim Bürkle Manager, Market Development,
Nortel joachim.buerkle_at_nortel.com
Michael Haugh Sr. Product Manager Ixia
Communications mhaugh_at_ixiacom.com
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