Atacama Large Millimeter Array Science IPT Review

1
Atacama Large Millimeter ArrayScience IPT Review

• Project Scientists
• Al Wootten, (Lead currently JAO PS pro tempore)
• Tom Wilson, (Deputy)
• Ryohei Kawabe ALMA-J Lead

2
Recap Work Description

• Charged with setting high level science
  specifications and requirements
• Delivered high level Science Specifications and
  Requirements document
• Continuing interplay with rest of project
• Attend project reviews, often writing reports.
• Make certain that these are transmitted to other
  IPTs
• Check on flow downs and help develop
  alternatives, if needed
• Set up meetings of ALMA Science Advisory
  Committees
• Interaction with Management IPT, JAO, Board
• ASAC-tending, as an ALMA Board Committee is a
  Project Scientist dutydissemination of Reports,
  Agendas, Minutes
• Regional Project Scientists tend regional SACs
• ANASAC in North America
• ESAC in Europe
• JSAC in Japan
• Community outreach
• Development and dissemination of presentation
  material
• Production and distribution of community reports,
  newsletters
• Workshop development and execution

3
Recap RD Involvement

• Develop and commission calibration strategies for
  ALMA
• Site characterization, design of weather stations
  for site
• Corrections for phase fluctuations due to
  atmospheric water vapor
• Description of Water Radiometer (WVR) and
  software for these corrections
• Simulations including WVR and Fast Switching (FS)
  techniques
• Amplitude calibration device assessment, with SE,
  FE IPTs
• Design the ALMA configuration, with consulting
  Management, SE, Site, Antenna IPTs
• Design imaging strategies and simulators

4
Science IPT Structure
ALMA Board
ASAC
JAO Incl. ALMA Project Scientist Now A. Wootten
Project Regional Managers
Science IPT Project Scientists Instrument
Scientists
Astronomy Community
Site Charac- terization
Operations, Verification
Configuration
Calibration
Imaging
SSR Liaisons
Others
J. Conway M.Holdaway K-I Morita
J.Mangum M.Holdaway (A.Stirling) D.Emerson B.
Vila-Vilaro
Project Scientists R.Laing
L.Nyman A. Otarola
R.Lucas
M.Holdaway S.Myers
R.Warmels (Web) Project Scientists (Outreach) M.
Hogerheijde (DRSP)
Configuration Working Group (Quasi-active)
Site Working Group (Quasi-active)
Operations Group A.Wootten (in reconstitution)
Calibration Working Group
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Progress to Date Overview

• Requirements defined and promulgated, overall and
• for subsystems
• Design Reference Science Plan developed and
• maintained
• Calibration aspects added
• Employed to assess impact of BCPs on project
• Configuration staked to 4km, strawman design to
  full extent of array developed
• Site characterization data since 1995, gt80
  complete
• Calibration Plan maintained, revised
• Attendance at most reviews, often panel member(s)
• Imaging simulators developed, algorithms
  published
• Maintenance of the ALMA Sensitivity Calculator

6
WBS Summary

• 1.09.380 Science Further work on
• the following items
• Array Configuration finishing design for long
  baselines
• Simulations packages used throughout ALMA, total
  power imaging stability requirements, nutator
  requirements, mosaicing and on the fly
  interferometry
• Delivered simulators in Gildas, aips,
  sensitivity simulator online
• Calibration Testing, leading to commissioning of
  Calibration Plan
• Development of Calibrator listing
• Amplitude tests at ATF of amplitude calibration
  device, including total power calibration
• Phase WVR implementation and interplay with fast
  switching
• First tests at SMA ATF implementation untimely
• Imaging Commissioning of ALMA Imaging Pipeline
• Development of algorithms

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WBS Summary

• 1.09.380.3040 Phase 2 Science Support
• Maintenance of scientific priorities and goals
• Now as a split activity run by NA
  (1.09.380.3040NA) and EU (1.09.380.3040EU)
• Includes activities through testing at the ATF
• 1.09.380.3050 Phase 2 Site Characterization
  (following approved document ALMA-90.05.00.00-001-
  A-SPE interface milestone ALMA-20.01.04.00-90.05
  .13.00-A-ICD)
• N.B. This activity is subsumed within 3040NA for
  NA.
• management and maintenance of the site
  infrastructure
• design, development, and deployment of
  instrumentation for monitoring of atmospheric
  conditions,
• data collection, analysis and modeling the
  effects of the atmosphere on incoming radio
  waves.

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WBS Summary

• 1.09.380.3070 ALMA Commissioning in Chile (NA/EU)
• Commissioning and Science Verification (CSV)
  involves testing and optimization of the ALMA
  system
• Goal is to ensure that the science requirements
  are met
• Part of commissioning is Scientific Verification
• Commissioning and SV carried out by the same team
• Commissioning involves initial tests, interaction
  with Systems Integration and other IPTs to
  identify and resolve faults, optimization,
  training of operations staff
• SV done to verify and document performance of an
  observing mode for users
• Continuing and incremental activity
• Tests the end to end system
• Demonstration Science is a part of the SV process
• This WP does not cover work at the ATF
• There is a gradual handover of the commissioning
  activity to Operations during 2009-2011.

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Progress to Date Requirements

• Three regional Instrument Scientists review and
  report
• Reference Documents delivered
• ALMA Scientific Specifications and Requirements
  (ALMA-90.00.00.00-001-A- SPE) approved by CCB,
  awaiting Board action
• Secondary documents produced for elaboration,
  clarification
• Nutator requirements published
• RF Membrane requirements drafted
• Solar filter, quarter wave plate requirements
  being recast
• System Requirements Review
• Chaired by Science IPT, arranged by SE, attended
  by all IPTs
• Periodic meetings to review requirements and
  their flowdown between Science, SE and other IPTs

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Progress to DateDesign Reference Science Plan

• Submitted Dec 2003. Web version
  http//www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/alma/drsp.html
• Provides a quantitative reference for
• developing the science operations plan,
• for performing imaging simulations,
• for software design, and
• for other applications within the ALMA project.
  Specifically, it can be used to
• allow cross-checking of the ALMA
  specifications against "real" experiments
• allow a first look at the time distribution
  for
• configurations
• frequencies
• experimental difficulty (fraction of projects
  pushing ALMA specs)
• start developing observing strategies
• derive "use-cases" for the Computing IPT
• be ready in case some ALMA rescoping is
  required, or in case some ALMA specifications
  cannot be met.
• Currently in active use by the project
• Assessment of calibration accuracies needed
• Assessment of impact of project baseline change
  proposals, including evaluation of the impact of
  a fewer-antenna ALMA on individual DRSPs.

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DRSP Themes

• Theme 1 Galaxies and Cosmology Leader
  Guilloteau
• 1.1 The high-redshift universe
• 1.2 Gravitational lenses
• 1.3 Quasar absorption lines
• 1.4 SZ with ALMA
• 1.5 Gas in galactic nuclei
• 1.6 The AGN engine
• 1.7 Galaxies in the local universe
• 1.8 ALMA and the Magellanic Clouds
  
• Theme 2 Star and planet formation Leader
  Wootten
• 2.1 Initial conditions of star formation
• 2.2 Young stellar objects
• 2.3 Chemistry of star-forming regions
• 2.4 Protoplanetary disks
• Theme 3 Stars and their evolution Leader
  Cox
• 3.1 The Sun
• 3.2 Mm continuum from stars
• 3.3 Circumstellar envelopes
• 3.4 Post-AGB sources

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Three Year Duration

• Theme 1 Galaxies and Cosmology 40 14.4
  months 10500 hr
• Theme 2 Star and Planet Formation 30 10.8
  months 7880 hr
• Theme 3 Stars and their evolution 20 7.2
  months 5250 hr
• Theme 4 Solar system 10 3.6
  months 2620 hr
• Employ sensitivities on the ESO ALMA Web at
• http//www.eso.org/projects/alma/science/bin/sensi
  tivity.html
• Based on ALMA memo 393.
• Maintained to keep the DRSP abreast of the field
  by Michiel Hogerheijde

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Progress to Date Configuration

• Configuration
• Configuration group work began 1998, several
  reviews, culminating in contract with Conway and
  Holdaway as mentors
• Plan for 64 antenna ALMA approved
• Inner, outer configurations, first Early Science
  configs, reconfiguration
• Plan for 50 configuration submitted, staked on
  site
• Includes reconfiguration plan

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Basis for Redesign

• The Executives requested an analysis of the
  baseline, based on currently available funding.
  Accordingly, the JAO asked the Science IPT for a
  design for a 50 antenna array which could provide
  excellent imaging along with the possibility of
  extension to 64 antennas.
• Science IPT renewed contract with Conway, asked
  Conway and Holdaway to produce such a design
  before the end of Summer 2005.
• Principles of Design
• Imaging shall be done in a single configuration
  when practicable.
• Continuous reconfiguration scheme preferable.

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Status

• Configuration optimization complete to lt4km
• Full set of optimized intermediate configurations
• Total of 151 35 dedicated pads, compared to
  216 previously.
• 11 of these, mostly in close-packed array, to be
  built only for N64.
• Outer configuration strawman reaches 4mas at 950
  GHz
• Awaits synchronization with Environmental
  concerns (Vizcacha avoidance and new road/fiber
  plan)
• Ground-truthing on the site
• Nyman, Rivera, Holdaway perfect the mask
• Otarola, Stirling, Rivera to Chajnantor 2005
  August
• Assess conformance of actual landforms to Digital
  Elevation Model (perhaps 300m errors)
• Iteration of Conway-chosen locations with John to
  determine these final locations
• Final version then produced by August 17.
• Comments from the ASAC have been favorable.

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Close-packed Configuration Features

• Basically unchanged from previous 60 pad design
• 9 outer pads, 1 inner pad subtracted
• Imaging performance verified (ALMA Memos 428,
  430)
• Extended NS configuration outside (-55º,
  15º)no transit shadowing to 35º, 16 addl pads
• Two reserved pads to be built for 64 antenna
  array.

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Intermediate Configurations

• Can support nearly continuous reconfiguration
• 20 configurations within 4km
• Four antennas moved at a time
• Resolution change 1.174
• Two per day per transporter
• Almost certainly will not actually schedule this
  pace!
• 10 Stretch (ALMA Memo 119) on spiral design,
  constrained by terrain mask.
• Three pads to maintain short spacings
• Two pads to accommodate NS extension
• Inward reconfiguration opposite of outward except
  for innermost shadowed configurations
• I, O configurations differ slightly for inner 15.

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5000m Chajnantor site
APEX
CBI
ALMA
Site Char
19
Design
20
Progress to Date Calibration

• Calibration
• Calibration Working Group (J. Mangum, leader)
  holds monthly telecons with agendas and minutes
• https//wikio.nrao.edu/bin/view/ALMA/AlmaCal
• Includes representatives from currently operating
  millimeter interferometers, other IPTs
• Calibration Specifications and Requirements
  (ALMA-90.03.00.00-001-B-SPE)approved
  2002-Nov-26 updated document in revision
• ALMA Calibration Plan (SCID-90.03.00.00-007-A-PLA)
  revised yearly in third version
• WVR implementation on SMA under way
• Amplitude Calibration Device review (05Aug25)
• ATF to be testbed for plan
• DRSP used as foil for plan

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Rebaselining Changes

• Scope IPT costs are mostly personnel
• Commissioning WBS carved out of catchall WBS
  several positions shift to Commissioning as AIV
  proceeds.
• Budget is level of effort
• Testing of prototype two element interferometer
  with prototype electronics at ATF by Science IPT
  staff assisted by other IPTs
• Schedule dependencies
• Schedule of prototype deliveries at ATF
• AIV schedule in Chile

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Budget

• CTC estimate is 9.787 million. This consists of
  75 for salaries and travel
• Contingency is 5.1
• Contingency is a 0.1 reduction in the planned
  contingency from the plan of 2002 March 12.
• Assumptions dependencies are based on the
  Integrated Project Plan
• Bases of estimates
• Present staff is nearly complete in NA and EU
• Attempts to hire a JAO Project Scientist to lead
  science in CSV in Chile so far not successful
• Currently, regional Project Scientists plan to
  rotate through JAO PS position on a four month
  turno until antennas arrive in Chile
• Commissioning effort adds staff in Chile
  augmented by postdocs
• Recovery plans for budget problems
• Delay in hiring of postdocs
• Small reduction in travel

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1.09 ScienceCost Estimate
lt
Totals
460
9,325
9,785
lt
24
1.09 Science Summary Schedule
(Data from IPS as of 2005Sep28)
DRAFT
ATF Testing Prototypes Pre-Production
June 06 ATF First Fringes

SEI Reference
OSF AIV Completion Dates
1st
16th
32nd
50th
2nd
3rd
8th
ATF Testing Support
ATF
Site Characterization
Commissioning OSF / AOS Completion Dates
SCIENCE SUMMARY

32nd
50th
16th
8th
AOS 6 Ant Array Evaluation Complete
Science Verification / Demonstration Science
OSF/AOS
Feb 09 Early Science Decision Point

Call for Proposals / Early Science Preparation
Early Science
March 31 12 Start of Full Science
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Risk Register
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Interactions

• ALMA-J interaction Complete integration of
  Science IPT occurs at every level
• There are not expected to be problems in this
  process
• Fomalont visiting JP to discuss ACA calibration
  aspects next week.
• Operations interaction Need a full team with a
  JAO Project Scientist in place to ensure
  successful CSV process with transition to
  HSO/Operations. Currently, PS interact with JAO,
  proto-ARCs.
• Problems specific to Science The CSV work at the
  ATF and in Chile depend on the schedule being met
  by other IPTs. To ensure communication, CIPT
  members attend most ScIPT telecons PS attends
  CIPT/SSR telecons NA PS and IS attend PSI
  telecons PS attends Board, JAO/MIPT telecons and
  maintains presence in JAO/Santiago. Wootten
  produces Biweekly Calendar of goings-on around
  the Project.