Fourth Session: Characteristics of National FIVIMS

1
Fourth SessionCharacteristics of National FIVIMS
Joint FAO and APERI Workshop on Food Security and
FIVIMS Tehran, 23-25 October 2007
Mark SmuldersFIVIMS Coordinator Agricultural
Development Economics DivisionFAO - Rome
2
Characteristics of national FIVIMS

• A national FIVMS programme supports the
  following
• a characterization of food insecure and
  vulnerable population groups
• strengthens understanding of underlying causes of
  food insecurity and vulnerability through
  cross-sectoral analysis
• evidence-based information and analysis
• encourage the formulation and implementation of
  policies and programmes for enhanced food
  security and nutrition
• strengthened and more integrated food security
  information systems providing up-to-date
  information for decision-makers

3
FIVIMS Questions

• FIVIMS places strong emphasis on people
• Who are the poor, hungry, food insecure,
  vulnerable?
• Where are they?
• How many?
• Why? (what are the underlying causes?)
• What must be done to improve their status?

4
The FIVIMS framework (conceptual and
analytical)
NATIONAL, SUBNATIONAL AND COMMUNITY LEVEL
HOUSEHOLDS
INDIVIDUALS
Socio-economic, political, civil, institutional,
natural and cultural Environment
Food Economy
HOUSEHOLD LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES, ASSETS
ACTIVITIES
FOOD AVAILABILITYdomestic production import
capacity food stocks, food aid
PopulationEducation Macro-economy including
foreign tradePolicies and lawsNatural resources
endowmentBasic servicesMarket
conditionsTechnologyClimateCivil
strifeHousehold characteristicsLivelihoods
systemsSocial institutionsCultural attitudes
and gender
FOOD CONSUMPTION Energy intakeNutrient intake
HOUSEHOLD FOOD ACCESS
CARE PRACTICESChild careFeeding
practicesNutritional knowledgeFood
preparationEating habitsIntra-household food
distribution
STABILITY weather variability price fluctuations
political factors economic factors
NUTRITIONAL STATUS
FOOD UTILISA-TION BY THE BODYHealth status
ACCESS TO FOODpoverty purchasing power,
income Transport and market infrastructure
HEALTH SANITATIONHealth care
practicesHygiene, SanitationWater qualityFood
safety quality
5
conceptual frameworks
Cambodia food security conceptual
framework www.foodsecurity.gov.kh
Nutritional Status
6
food security dimensions
four dimensions of food security
availability access
stability utilization

• domestic production
• import capacity
• food stocks
• food aid

• poverty
• purchasing power
• transport and market infrastructure
• food distribution

• weather variability
• price fluctuations
• political factors
• economic factors

• care and feeding
• food safety quality
• clean water
• health sanitation

7
food security and nutrition dimensions

• availability
• stability
• access
• utilisation
• care and feeding
• sanitation
• disease prevalence (health services)

food security dimensions
determinants of good/poor nutrition
8
FIVIMS conceptual framework indicators
How could one measure food insecurity and
vulnerability?
/ ref FIVIMS Tools and Tips Selecting
Indicators for National FIVIMS
9
FIVIMS conceptual framework indicators
How could one measure food insecurity and
vulnerability?
/ ref FIVIMS Tools and Tips Selecting
Indicators for National FIVIMS
10
what do we mean by vulnerability or being at
risk of food insecurity?
Vulnerability refers to the full range of
factors that place people at risk of becoming
food-insecure. The degree of vulnerability of
individuals, households or groups of people is
determined by their exposure to the risk factors
and their ability to cope with or withstand
stressful situations. vulnerability f
(exposure to risk ability to cope)
11
what do we mean by vulnerability or being at
risk of food insecurity?
what are the risk factors?

• Groups of main risk factors
• Environmental/natural (drought, floods,
  earthquake, desertification)
• Socio-economic (poverty, marginalization,
  unemployment, illiteracy)
• Political (ethnic tensions, civil strife,
  conflicts)

Dealing with vulnerability through appropriate
risk management can (will) prevent future hunger
or food insecurity
12
Info System Components
Food security information and analysis for what
purpose? (objective)

• data collection
• data/info management
• analysis - for what purpose?
• presentation of info/analysis format?
• dissemination/communication medium?

People and Institutions
Methods and tools?
For what purpose(s)?

• early warning (for food insecurity)
• emergency needs assessment response
• vulnerability analysis
• HH food security/nutrition monitoring (medium
  term)
• Market transparency
• FS/poverty policy and programme formulation
• Policy/programme monitoring and evaluation

13
What is information used for?

• The analysis generated and communicated by FIVIMS
  is used for different purposes, including
• policy formulation (poverty, hunger, food
  security)
• prioritisation of investment and interventions
• prevention of emergencies risk management
• monitoring of development targets
• advocacy