Implementation of Transportation Management Plans (TMPs)

1
Implementation of Transportation Management Plans
(TMPs)

• Presented by Tracy Scriba
• Federal Highway Administration
• AASHTO Design Meeting
• July 15, 2008

2
Agenda

• Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule
• TMP Basics
• What Role do Designers Play in Developing TMPs?
• State of the Practice for TMPs
• TMP Development Resources

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Work Zone Safety and Mobility Rule

• Published Sept 9, 2004 in Federal Register (69
  FR 54562)
• Updates and Renames 23 CFR 630 Subpart J
• Effective Date of Oct 12, 2007
• Establishes requirements and guidelines for
  consideration and management of WZ impacts
• Requires development and implementation of TMPs
  for all Federal Aid highway projects (among other
  things)

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TMP Basics What is a TMP?

• A document that lays out a set of coordinated
  transportation management strategies and
  describes how they will be used to manage the
  work zone impacts of a road project

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TMP Basics Why TMPs?

• Traffic management efforts beyond temporary
  traffic control (TTC) plans are needed to deal
  with the increasing traffic volumes using the
  same roads on which agencies need to perform
  maintenance and rehabilitation
• Has affects on
• Safety
• Mobility
• Constructability
• TMPs more comprehensive approach to managing WZ
  impacts

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Basics TMP Components

• A TMP may be a single document, or several
  documents/plans compiled together
• Must always include a Temporary Traffic Control
  Plan (TTC)
• For significant projects, TMPs must also contain
  a traffic operations (TO) component and a public
  information and outreach (PI) component

Simply stated, a significant project is a project
that the agency expects will cause a relatively
high level of disruption.
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Basics When is a TMP Developed?

• TMP development should begin during systems
  planning and progress through design
• Conducting TMP analyses early in project
  development helps ensure
• Systems planning and preliminary engineering TMP
  development and implementation costs are included
  in the project budget
• Design Agencies consider WZ impacts in
  evaluation and selection of design alternatives ?
  For some projects it may be possible to choose a
  design alternative that alleviates many WZ
  impacts
• Final TMP development occurs during DESIGN

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TMP Development Process (from Developing and
Implementing TMPs for Work Zones)
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What Role do Designers Play in Developing TMPs?
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During Design

• Final assessment of WZ impacts is done, which
  should affect the choice of
• Best construction/staging option(s)
• Most suitable design and contracting approach
• Most appropriate WZ traffic management strategies

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TMP Strategies to Manage WZ Impacts
Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) Strategies Public Information (PI) Strategies Transportation Operations (TO) Strategies
-Traffic control/design approaches -Traffic control devices -Project coordination, contracting, and innovative construction -Public awareness -Motorist information -Demand management -Corridor/network management -WZ safety management -Traffic/incident management enforcement

• Designers are encouraged to consider these
  strategies early on in the process for all
  projects, even if they arent included in the TMP

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Traffic Control/Design Approaches

• Construction phasing/staging
• Night work
• Weekend work
• Work hour restrictions for peak travel
• Full roadway closures
• Lane shifts or closures
• Reduced lane widths to maintain of lanes
• Lane closures to provide worker safety
• Reduced shoulder width to maintain of lanes
• Shoulder closures to provide worker safety
• Lane shift to shoulder/median to maintain of
  lanes

• One-lane, two-way operation
• Two-way traffic on one side of divided facility
  (crossover)
• Reversible lanes
• Ramp closures/relocation
• Freeway-to-freeway interchange closures
• Pedestrian/bicycle access improvements
• Business access improvements
• Off-site detours/use of alternate routes

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Identification of TMP Strategies

• Should be based on
• project constraints
• construction phasing/staging plan
• type of work zone
• anticipated WZ impacts
• Some agencies use strict lane closure
  policies/strategies or permissible lane closure
  times that must be followed
• Agencies may use analysis tools to predict
  delays, queues, and impacts of detours and
  compare these for various strategies

14
Decisions During Design Impact TMPs

• Design-level decisions can influence the choice
  of WZ management strategies
• As specific decisions are made, WZ management
  strategies should also be reassessed to determine
  if they still apply and whether they adequately
  mitigate the WZ impacts of the project

Example Preliminary engineering assessments may
result in the identification of 2 alternate
"construction and WZ management approaches" 1)
night work with a basic TMP, and 2) daytime work
option with a more complex TMP. As design
progresses, more information may become available
on the feasibility of each of the approaches,
leading to the elimination of the night work
option. Therefore, the day option would be chosen
and TMP strategies such as signal retiming and a
traffic incident management plan might be used.
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Decisions During Design Impact TMPs

• Detailed quantitative analysis during design may
  be the best way to get a clear understanding of
  the expected WZ impacts of a project
• Most project decisions are finalized during
  design as the project design/construction team
  gains the best understanding of how exactly the
  project will be built

• A quantitative analysis conducted during design
  can
• Yield the best estimation of the magnitude,
  location, duration, and costs of the WZ impacts
• Help identify the management strategies that
  best mitigate the impacts
• Help avoid omission or oversight of WZ safety
  and mobility issues prior to final design
• Help identify and address issues that may lead
  to a work stoppage during the construction stage
  (e.g., queue lengths or delays in excess of
  agency policy)

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Decisions During Design Impact TMPs

• During detailed design, quantitative analysis is
  more detailed and will lead to the development of
  the final design and TMP for the project

Example Early WZ impacts analysis done during
preliminary engineering using a sketch-planning
tool may indicate that traffic diversion to the
designated alternate route for the project would
be significant, leading to a preliminary decision
to upgrade and re-time the traffic signals on the
alternate route. In design a more detailed
analysis using a micro-simulation tool is
conducted to estimate actual diversion patterns,
the volume of traffic expected to divert to the
alternate, and the intersections that would be
affected. This analysis may then be used to
identify the number of traffic signals that need
to be upgraded and the exact nature of the
upgrades, and to develop the signal timing plans
and estimate the costs.
17
Caltrans I-15 Devore PCCP Reconstruction
Closure Schedule, Cost, Delay Comparison
Construction Scenario Schedule Comparison Schedule Comparison Cost Comparison (Millions) Cost Comparison (Millions) Cost Comparison (Millions) Cost Comparison (Millions) Max. Delay (Min)
Construction Scenario Total Closures Closure Hours User Delay Construction Traffic Handling Total Max. Delay (Min)
72-Hour Weekday 8 512 5.6 10.5 2.1 18.2 75
55-Hour Weekend 10 550 14.2 12.5 2.6 29.3 196
1 Roadbed Continuous 2 400 6.9 8.9 1.0 16.8 196
10-Hour Night-time 220 2,200 4.9 19.1 1.3 25.3 36
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TMP State of the Practice
19
TMP Beginnings

• Idea for TMP provision in WZ Rule came from
  Caltrans
• Caltrans began requiring TMPs in 2000 for all
  planned activities on the State highway system
• Implementation of TMPs in California has helped
  to significantly reduce delays in work zones

In Caltrans District 7, on the I-10 Long-Life
Pavement Project, the TMP helped reduce traffic
demand by an estimated 57 percent, queue lengths
to 2 miles from the originally projected 44
miles, and projected delays from an estimated
1,000,000 to 16,000 total vehicle hours of delay.
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TMP Findings - 2007 WZ Self Assessment

• TMPs are still a developing area
• Has the agency established a policy for the
  development of TMPs to reduce WZ congestion and
  crashes?
• Average score for this item increased by 14 in
  2006 and by 20 in 2007
• Average score was 8.5, indicating agencies are in
  the execution stage of adopting TMPs into their
  WZ practices
• Two-thirds (67) of agencies are implementing a
  policy for developing TMPs

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Caltrans TMP Fact Sheet

• Provides information about Caltrans TMP
  Development Process
• Discusses TMP categories, roles and
  responsibilities, and lessons learned for Caltrans

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Caltrans TMP Development Process
23
Caltrans TMP Levels
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What Worked for Caltrans?

• Encourage design and project staging that
  minimizes potential traffic impacts
• Have District Traffic Manager and TMP Manager
  sign off on TMP just prior to bid to make sure
  strategies reflect current traffic conditions -
  especially for "shelved" projects
• Produce standardized forms for blanket and minor
  projects
• Produce a brief, standardized report for each
  major project
• Standardize practices for monitoring the
  effectiveness of TMPs in the field

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Missouri DOT TMP Strategies Database
The TMP Database is meant to be used at the very
beginning of WZ planning to choose the most
effective methods from the start, with
re-evaluation occurring in the design stage.
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Virginia TMP Requirements

• VDOT has extended TMP requirements to all WZ
  activities within State right of way and on all
  streets and highways that have been accepted into
  the State Highway System - regardless of funding
  source
• VDOT TMP Guide
• Provides guidelines for acquiring the information
  to develop TMPs
• Contains guidance on each Project Team member's
  role and responsibilities in the development of
  TMPs
• Applies to Project Managers, Roadway Designers,
  Traffic Engineers, WZ Safety Coordinators, Public
  Affairs Managers

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Virginia TMPs Design Role

• The Roadway Designer
• Preliminary Field Inspection
• Incorporates the recommended TMP into the
  projects initial roadway plans
• Public Hearing Meeting
• Incorporates all recommendations/corrections into
  the preliminary TMP prior to the Public Hearing
• Field Inspection Meeting
• Completes TMP for review by Project Team during
  the Constructability Review stage for the Detail
  Roadway Design and Roadway Design phases of
  Concurrent Engineering Process (CEP)
• Incorporates into the TMP all accepted
  recommendations/corrections submitted by Project
  Team
• Pre-Advertisement Conference
• Completes final TMP for review by
  Constructability Review Team during
  Constructability and Bidability Review stage of
  CEP
• Incorporates all recommendations/corrections
  submitted by Project Team into final TMP prior to
  proceeding to the next phase

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Pennsylvania Sample TMP

• PennDOT includes a sample TMP in its Traffic
  Engineering Manual

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WisconsinTMP Process

• Process
• Work Zone Impacts Assessment
• Determine Type of TMP
• Prepare Initial TMP
• Update, Implement, Monitor
• Evaluate After Project

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Wisconsin TMP Components

• Type 1
• Traffic Control Plan
• Public Information and Outreach
• Type 2, 3, 4
• Traffic Control Plan
• Public Information and Outreach
• Transportation Operations
• Incident Management

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When are TMPs developed in Wisconsin?
TMP
TMP
TMP
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North Dakota TMP Development

• NDDOT has TMP development guidelines in its WZ
  policy
• For significant projects, NDDOT compiles a TMP
  team to develop and implement the TMP
• Has members from Planning and Programming
  Division, Maintenance and Engineering Services
  Division, Construction Services Division, Design
  Division, District, FHWA, local municipality, and
  others as necessary
• For non-significant projects
• Reconstruction project the Project Designer,
  Design Division, and District will develop the
  TMP
• Other than reconstruction projects - Project
  Designer will consult with Design Division and
  District

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Considerations

• Agency WZ policies
• E.g., Maximum WZ queue lengths/delays allowed
• Lane Closure policies/charts that specify when a
  lane closure is permitted
• Analytical/modeling tools used by the agency

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Colorado Region 6 Lane Closure Strategy
Scenario State Highway 121 (Wadsworth
Boulevard), Northbound Direction, Milepoint 22.0,
weekday. Solution Referring to the Decision
Tree, Wadsworth is an arterial facility.
Following the right side of the chart, the
appropriate schedule may be found in the table.
Look up SH 121 in the left-most column and
locate MP 22.0 between 84th Avenue and 100th
Avenue. The weekday schedule indicates that a
lane may be closed at night between 700pm and
800am and during the midday between 1000am and
200pm.
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TMP Development Resources
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Tips for Developing TMPs

• Estimate and budget for TMP development and
  implementation early in project development
  (update as appropriate throughout project)
• Include funding for monitoring traffic conditions
  during construction to track TMP effectiveness in
  case strategies need to be modified and for
  future WZs
• Consider and address WZ impacts from a broader
  transportation management perspective, rather
  than solely a traffic control perspective
• Balance constructability and construction staging
  requirements with WZ management strategies
• Coordinate phasing/staging with other strategies
  in TMP (TTC, TO, and PI plans)
• Coordinate with other key parties to jointly
  identify WZ impacts issues to account for and
  management strategies to address them
• Preliminary engineering - Design team should work
  with other technical specialists, including
  construction, traffic engineering, and public
  outreach/relations personnel
• Designers/construction engineers - Develop
  phasing and staging plans in consultation with
  safety experts, traffic engineers, other
  technical specialists
• Construction - Maintain close coordination with
  local agencies on detours and signal timings

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Tips for Developing TMPs (cont.)

• Use strategies that keep lanes open, especially
  during peak traffic times
• E.g., narrowing lanes or using shoulders to
  maintain number of lanes contract
  incentives/disincentives lane rental damages
  for late lane opening night work
• Use "Triggers" - e.g. when 75 of max delay is
  approached, lane(s) are opened to accommodate
  traffic
• Consider using extended closures or full closures
  versus numerous night closures
• Use strategies that facilitate decision-making by
  the public to avoid the WZ (e.g., public
  awareness, advance signage in locations prior to
  key motorist decision points) these tend to be
  highly effective
• Update the TMP, as needed, throughout project
  development and implementation
• TMP training is important for all divisions
  involved in TMPs
• Management support is needed for effective TMP
  efforts

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TMP Resources

• Caltrans TMP Resources Web Site -
  http//www.workzones.ucdavis.edu/index.php?titleT
  MPMain
• Fact Sheet Caltrans TMPs Reduce WZ Congestion
  http//www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/practices/factsheet
  s/factsheet11.htm
• Virginia DOT TMP Requirements -
  http//www.extranet.vdot.state.va.us/locdes/electr
  onic20pubs/iim/IIM241.pdf
• Missouri DOT TMP Strategy Database -
  http//www.modot.org/Safety/TMPStrategyMatrixVer6j
  .mdb
• Presentation on Californias TMP Development
  Process - http//www.ntoctalks.com/webcast_archive
  /to_feb_17_05/to_feb_17_05jg.ppt
• Presentation on Virginias TMP Development
  Guidelines - http//www.ntoctalks.com/webcast_arch
  ive/to_mar_19_07/to_mar_19_07_pk.ppt

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TMP Resources

• WZ Safety and Mobility Rule Web Site -
  http//www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/resources/final_rul
  e.htm
• Contains sample TMPs, presentations, and TMP
  development resources
• Developing and Implementing TMPs for Work Zones -
  http//www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/resources/publicati
  ons/trans_mgmt_plans/index.htm
• Contains a TMP Checklist and matrix of TMP
  strategies
• Advanced Work Zone Management and Design Course
  (NHI) - http//ops.fhwa.dot.gov/wz/outreach/nhi_wz
  _courses.htm