Participation presentation

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Participation presentation

• PV Brokerage event, Tallinn 2007

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Targets ECN research

• Transform energy generation and use, by
• efficiency improvement
• generation of renewable energy
• clean use of fossil fuels

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Portfolio approach ECN Solar
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2005
silicon wafer technology
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thin films
module price (/watt-peak)
2010
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2020
organic solar cells
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new concepts
gt2030
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0 5 10 15 20
25 module efficiency / electricity yield per
m2 ()
free after W. Hoffmann
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Focus areas in ECN Solar

• (Crystalline) Silicon PV
• Thin film PV
• Thin film Silicon
• Organic solar cells
• CIGS-related research
• PV Module technology

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Crystalline silicon PV

• Solar grade silicon
• Carbothermic reduction of pure quartz with carbon
  black
• Characterisation and testing of feedstock
• Cell processing (thus far 13.7 on n-type)

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Crystalline silicon PV

• Ribbon-growth-on-substrate technology
• Development of direct casting process, thin
  ribbons
• Cell processing on ribbons (efficiency thus far
  13)
• Design construction production prototype (Spring
  2007)

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Crystalline silicon PV

• Cell processing and design
• Industry-compatible cell processing (17 on
  mc-Si)
• Acidic texture etching, passivation,
• gettering, high-ohmic emitter
• Processing of thin cells
• Development new cell designs

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Thin-Film Photovoltaics

• Thin-Film Silicon
• R-2-R deposition of (nip) silicon on foils
• Development of thin-film Si tandems
• Target an 0.3x1 m2 PV module with ?12 at
  0.8/Wp

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Pilot production line for film Si solar cells on
foil under development
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Thin-Film Photovoltaics

• Organic solar cells
• Dye Sensitized Oxides (DSC)
• efficiency and stability issues
• manufacturing technology (cells and modules)
• Polymer PV
• Basic research, device fabrication and optical
  modelling of polymer based solar cels
• Reliable performance measurements
• and durability testing

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Thin-Film Photovoltaics

• CIGS-related research (development support CuInS2
  at Scheuten)
• Characterization and modelling on flat layers and
  glass beads
• (Cd-free) buffer layer on flat substrates and
  glass beads

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PV module technology

• Interconnection process for back-contact cells
• Interconnection process for thin and fragile
  cells
• High-throughput lamination

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Concept of a 100MWp production line for the
assembly of back-contact solar cells
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Future projects

• Plans for the following topics
• Innovative PV manufacturing processes
• Thin film PV
• Modules
• Dye sensitized PV solar cells
• Environmental aspects of photovoltaics
• Alternative approaches for crystalline silicon
  PV
• Hetero-junctions
• Ribbons

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Thank you for your kind attention
Floriade (2.3 MWp PV)
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Thin-Film Photovoltaics

• Innovative PV manufacturing processes
• (COOP-ENERGY-2007-2-TREN)
• High density PECVD ?
• Vacuum free R2R application of defect free
  barrier layer (?)
• Innovative encapsulation processes
• Innovative laser scribing (ps/fs lasers, ...)
• Innovative printing (inkjet printing,...)

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Organic-based PV

• Dye sensitized solar cells proposal under
  preparation with key partners in Europe
• (FP7-ENERGY-2007-1-RTD)
• ECN history in EU projects on DSC
• Coordination of Indoor Dye PV, LOTS-DSC and
  Nanomax
• Partner in Molycell

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PV Module technologie

• Innovative PV manufacturing processes
• (COOP-ENERGY-2007-2-TREN)
• Development and demonstration of new equipment
• systems for high handling yield of thin wafers
• systems with high throughput of thin wafers
• equipment for novel manufacturing technologies.