Pensacola Linux User Group

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Pensacola Linux User Group

• www.pcolalug.org

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Brett Hoff Open Source Enterprises

• www.open-sourceenterprises.com

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Welcome to Intro to Linux

• Presented By Brett Hoff
• Owner Open Source Enterprises
• What is Linux and why the Penguin.
• Where did it come from and where is it going.
• The main players in Linux.
• A run down of the top 10 Distros.
• Live Cds.
• Alternatives what Linux is all about.
• Running windows in Linux.

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What is Linux?

• Linux is a free open-source operating system
  based on Unix. Linux was originally created by
  Linus Torvalds with the assistance of developers
  from around the globe.

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What is Linux? cont.

• After the Linux kernel was released to the public
  on 17 September 1991, the first Linux systems
  were completed by combining the kernel with
  system utilities and libraries from the GNU
  project, which led to the coining of the term
  GNU/Linux. Quoted Linux wikipedia

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GNU Project

• The GNU Project, with the goal of creating a
  UNIX-like, POSIX-compatible operating system
  composed entirely of free software, had begun
  development in 1984, and a year later Richard
  Stallman had created the Free Software Foundation
  and wrote the first draft of the GNU General
  Public License.

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Interoperability

• Linux aims for interoperability with other
  operating systems such as (but not limited to)
  Microsoft Windows and Apple OS X, and by
  extension the software that runs on Linux aims
  for interoperability with other Linux and
  non-Linux software.

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Portability

• While the Linux kernel was originally designed
  only for Intel 80386 microprocessors, it now runs
  on a more diverse range of computer architectures
  than any other operating system from the
  hand-held ARM-based iPAQ to the mainframe IBM
  System z9, in devices ranging from supercomputers
  to mobile phones.

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Community

• Linux is largely driven by its developer and user
  communities. In many cities and regions, local
  associations known as Linux Users Groups (LUGs)
  seek to promote Linux and by extension free
  software. They hold meetings and provide free
  demonstrations, training, technical support, and
  operating system installation to new users.

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My thoughts

• Linux is a remarkable free operating system. It
  offers total control over the complete code.
  Allowing you to tweak and modify to your hearts
  content.
• It has everything you could want and more and the
  ability to run faster on older equipment than
  windows.

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My thoughts cont.

• Have an old 386 or 486 lying around.
• Make a file server, Print server, firewall, phone
  system, web server, cluster or any thing else you
  can envision!
• This is the power Linux gives you!!

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This is Linux

• From the kernel that Linus developed to the GNU
  that Stallman founded and the countless groups
  and developers that support and educate. To the
  awesome power it gives you to create from your
  Imagination
• This is Linux!!!

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Development

• A 2001 study of Red Hat Linux 7.1 found that this
  distribution contained 30 million source lines of
  code. Using the Constructive Cost Model, the
  study estimated that this distribution required
  about eight thousand man-years of development
  time. According to the study, if all this
  software had been developed by conventional
  proprietary means, it would have cost about 1.08
  billion dollars (year 2000 U.S. dollars) to
  develop in the United States.

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Development cont.

• In a later study, the same analysis was performed
  for Debian GNU/Linux version 2.2. This
  distribution contained over fifty-five million
  source lines of code, and the study estimated
  that it would have cost 1.9 billion dollars (year
  2000 U.S. dollars) to develop by conventional
  means.

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Where is it all going?

• with numerous studies specifically examining
  Linux. The Linux market is growing rapidly, and
  the revenue of servers, desktops, and packaged
  software running Linux is expected to exceed
  35.7 billion by 2008.

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Growing Up

• With the advent of products like WINE to run
  Windows apps in Linux and VMware and QEMU for
  virtual servers running full install of windows
  and Linux versions like Crossover Linux. Linux is
  going to get it's full market share of the
  desktop market.

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Why the Penguin?

• According to Jeff Ayers, Linus Torvalds had a
  "fixation for flightless, fat waterfowl" Torvalds
  was looking for something fun and sympathetic to
  associate with Linux, and a slightly fat penguin
  sitting down after having had a great meal
  perfectly fit the bill.

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Linux Players

• Linus Torvalds
• Creator of Linux

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Linux Players

• Richard Matthew Stallman
• Founder of GNU

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Linux Players

• Jon maddog Hall
• Grandfather of Linux

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The Big 5

• Corporations that have established business
  models that involve selling, supporting,
• and contributing to Linux and free software.
• These include IBM, HP, Sun Microsystems, Novell,
  and Red Hat.

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1 Distro

• First announced in 2004, he project was created
  by Mark Shuttleworth, a charismatic South African
  multimillionaire, a former Debian developer and
  the world's second space tourist
• It created an excellent web-based infrastructure
  with a Wiki-style documentation, creative
  bug-reporting facility, and professional approach
  to the end users. And thirdly, thanks to its
  wealthy founder, Ubuntu has been able to ship
  free CDs to all interested users.

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2 Distro

• The beginnings of open SUSE date back to 1992
  when four German Linux enthusiasts -- Roland
  Dyroff, Thomas Fehr, Hubert Mantel and Burchard
  Steinbild -- launched the project under the name
  of SuSE Linux. it wasn't long before SuSE Linux
  became an independent distribution with the
  launch of version 4.2 in May 1996
• Introduced YaST, an easy-to-use graphical system
  administration tool. Frequent releases, excellent
  printed documentation.

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3 Distro

• Although Fedora was formally unveiled only in
  September 2004, its origins effectively date back
  to 1995 when it was launched by two Linux
  visionaries -- Bob Young and Marc Ewing -- under
  the name of Red Hat Linux. The company's first
  product, Red Hat Linux 1.0 "Mother's Day". In
  1997.
• Revolutionary RPM package management system with
  dependency resolution.

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4 Distro

• Debian GNU/Linux was first announced in 1993. Its
  founder, Ian Murdock, envisioned the creation of
  a completely non-commercial project developed by
  hundreds of volunteer developers in their spare
  time. in less than a decade, it became the
  largest Linux distribution and possibly the
  largest collaborative software project ever
  created!
• It is developed by over 1,000 volunteer
  developers, its software repositories contain
  more than 20,000 packages (compiled for 11
  processor architectures).

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5 Distro

• Mandriva Linux was launched by Gaël Duval in July
  1998 under the name of Mandrake Linux. At first,
  it was just a re-mastered edition of Red Hat
  Linux with the more user-friendly KDE desktop,
• Added various user-friendly touches, such as a
  new installer, improved hardware detection, and
  intuitive disk partitioning utility.

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6 Distro

• PCLinuxOS was first announced in 2003 by Bill
  Reynolds, better known as "Texstar". In 2003 he
  decided to build a new distribution, initially
  based on Mandrake Linux, but with several
  significant usability improvements.
• Beginner-friendly, have out-of-the box support
  for proprietary kernel modules, browser plugins
  and media codecs, and should function as a live
  CD with a simple and intuitive graphical
  installer.

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7 Distro

• MEPIS Linux was first announced in 2003 by Warren
  Woodford and his company, MEPIS LLC. The idea was
  to turn the Debian unstable branch into a
  beginner-friendly distribution, complete with
  automatic hardware configuration, support for
  popular media formats, and latest software
  packages.
• MEPIS Linux pioneered the concept of an easily
  installable live CD - a user could simply boot
  the CD, investigate the content, and then install
  it to a hard disk with just a few mouse clicks.

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8 Distro

• The first public release of KNOPPIX was made in
  early 2003. This was the first Linux live CD that
  required no manual configuration. The KNOPPIX CD
  was meant to be placed in the CD-ROM drive and a
  few minutes after boot, the computer would run a
  full-featured, graphical Linux operating system
  with thousands of applications.
• All without the need to install anything on the
  computer's hard disk.

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9 Distro

• Slackware Linux, created by Patrick Volkerding in
  1992, is the oldest surviving Linux distribution.
  Forked from the now-discontinued SLS project,
  Slackware 1.0 came on 24 floppy disks It quickly
  became the most popular Linux distribution, with
  some estimates putting its market share to as
  much as 80 of all Linux installations in 1995.
• Slackware Linux still remains a much-appreciated
  operating system among the more
  technically-oriented system administrators and
  desktop users.

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10 Distro

• The concept of Gentoo Linux was devised in around
  the year 2000 by Daniel Robbins, a former
  Stampede Linux and FreeBSD developer. It was the
  author's exposure to FreeBSD and its "autobuild"
  feature called "ports", which inspired him to
  incorporate some of the FreeBSD software
  management principles into Gentoo under the name
  of "portage".
• Allows users to compile the Linux kernel and
  applications from source code directly on their
  own computers.

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Distros Cont.

• Presently there are more Distros than you can
  count and more coming out each day. To keep an
  eye on them I have provided a link to
  Distrowatch.
• http//distrowatch.com/dwres.php?resourcemajor

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Trying without installing!

• This will be the easiest slide )
• All that is required to start using Linux without
  the hassle of installing it is simply use the
  disk supplied to you by me or download any number
  of Live Distros. All that is required is a
  computer with a CD-ROM and atleast 96mb ram. It
  will not install anything to your computer
  harddrive.

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Trying without installing 2!

• 1. download and burn your favourite Live Distro.
  Knoppix, PcLinux etc...
• 2. load CD into CD-ROM drive of your computer.
• 3. Boot from CD-ROM and your set.
• 4. The CD will find all the paths to you
  equipment and set up in ram a temp operating
  system.

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Knoppix screenshot 1
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Knoppix screenshot 2
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PcLinux screenshot 1
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PcLinux screenshot 2
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Graphical Window Managers

• There are many window managers out there to
  choose from as there are Distros. You do not
  always need all the bells and whistles and there
  is something for everybody's needs.
• I have captured a few screen shots from the 2
  most popular. KDE and Gnome.
• If you are interested in seeing what else is out
  there I have included a link to the Windowmanger
  for X web site.
• http//xwinman.org/

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Linux GUI Desktop Gnome
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Linux GUI Gnome cont.
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Linux GUI Gnome cont.
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Linux GUI KDE
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Linux GUI KDE cont.
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Linux GUI KDE cont.
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Windows Alternates.

• I have put together a few of the most common
  tools you use and listed some alternates. I hope
  this gets you thinking and maybe you can start on
  the way to using Linux.
• For Instance Thunderbird email client has one of
  the most intuitive Spam filters out there and
  Firefox web browser is the most secure to date.

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Outlook---Thunderbird
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I.E.---Firefox
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Microsoft officeOpen office
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Microsoft officeOpen office
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Development

• Every major development language is available on
  Linux for free and is quite easy to install and
  get going. Need Ruby, PHP, ASP, Python, PERL,
  HTML, Java, JavaScript, C, C...etc..
• They are all here. This is where the developers
  are. New stuff comes out and it is usually
  ported to Linux almost the next day. One note
  .NET is not supported yet due to it's nature but
  is quickly gaining ground with the Developers
  that wish to use it.

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Servers!

• How much do you pay for your IIS Server License?
  Your SQL or Oracle database license? Firewalls?
  Print servers? File servers?
• The list goes on and on...
• All of these plus many more are available for
  nothing! And are more widely accepted and being
  used than Microsoft products.
• Not to mention more secure!

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Servers

• There is Apache Web server the most versatile and
  secure web server in the world! It has
  approximate 80 of the world Web server market.
• There is also MySQL for Database needs and Qmail
  and Sendmail for your mail server needs.
• Samba and NFS file servers are all compatible
  with Microsoft clients.

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Photo Editing

• For Photo Editing you have a very powerful tool
  in almost every Linux distro by default. GIMP!
• This is a Photoshop Alternative that is gaining
  support with main stream Editing community.

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Other Apps. !

• No matter what your Internet connection is DSL,
  Cable, Dial-up, Frame relay, Satellite, or T1
  Linux is ready.
• Every conceivable application you could want is
  installed or can be installed very easily. Mail,
  IRC, Browsing, FTP, Messenger, or Video
  Conferencing.

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Other Apps. cont.

• Finances, Writing, Advanced math, HAM Radio,
  Video and Audio Playing and Editing....Basically
  anything you want to do there is software out
  there to help you enjoy it better.
• Want to aim you telescope, measure a signal,
  Build a cluster or work in Virtual environment
  Linux has it.

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Accessing Linux from Windows.

• Forget the old days of Telnet from box to box.
  Now we have SSH a secure encrypted tunnel to work
  through. Consist of a SSH server and a SSH
  client.
• There is a windows client called Putty. That will
  let you access your Linux boxes from anywhere and
  more secure than the alternatives. There is also
  a winscp client that will let you copy files
  quickly between windows and Linux.

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Putty and Winscp

• Putty
• WinSCP

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Windows In Linux

• If you want to run those Windows applications
  that have yet to be ported to Linux you have
  several options available to you.
• 1. You could contribute and build a replacement
  Application to replace it.
• 2. Use Wine it is a Windows Emulator that allows
  you to even run the entire Windows Environment
  inside Linux.

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Windows in Linux cont.

• 3. You can also run Windows inside a Virtual
  Container using QEMU the Open Source Virtual
  Engine.
• 4. There is VMware another Virtual engine
  allowing you to an entire Windows system running
  along side your Linux at the same time.
• 5. There is a Linux Distro called Win4Lin that
  actually loads Windows into Linux and allows you
  to run your apps.

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Windows in Linux cont.

• VMware is available at the VMware Website
• http//www.vmware.com/
• Win4Lin is available at the NeTraverse Website
• http//www.netraverse.com/
• Wine is available at the Wine Website
• http//www.winehq.com/
• The Wine HOWTO is available at
• http//www.la-sorciere.de/wine/index.html

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Wine!

• you can run many of the most popular Windows
  programs on Linux. That includes games like World
  of Warcraft and Diablo II as well as business
  applications like Microsoft Office 2003, Quicken,
  and Internet Explorer.

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Wine cont.
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CrossOver Linux

• There is a commercial Linux Distro which strives
  to get as many Windows applications running in
  Linux as Possible.
• It is called CrossOver Linux and can be found
  here along with a list of supported Applications.
• http//www.codeweavers.com/products/
• An Application list.
• http//www.codeweavers.com/compatibility/browse/ra
  nk/

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Linux Games

• original open source games.
• Battle for Wesnoth a turn-based strategy game.
• Nethack and ZAngband text-based role-playing
  games
• Nexuiz is a first-person shooter
• Tux Racer is a 3D racing game featuring Tux.
• Vega Strike is a space flight simulation game.
• Tremulous is a 3D aliens vs humans FPS/RTS game.
• Warow is a Quake-like fast paced FPS.
• Sauerbraten is a 3D FPS.
• OpenArena is a standalone Quake III Arena like
  game

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Linux Games cont.

• Remakes
• FreeCiv, a remake of Civilization II.
• OpenTTD, a remake of Transport Tycoon.
• Frozen Bubble
• Scorched 3D, adaptation of Scorched Earth
  Ur-Quan Masters.
• various remakes of Doom, Wolfenstein 3D, and
  Quake based on the engines.
• two different remakes of Wing Commander Privateer

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Linux Games cont.

• LINUX PORTS
• id Software together with Raven Software ported.
• Doom 3, the Quake series, and Return to Castle
  Wolfenstein.
• Bioware released Neverwinter Nights.
• Epic Games released Unreal Tournament 2003 and
  Unreal Tournament 2004.
• Croatem released the Serious Sam
• icculus.org has ported Aliens versus Predator,
  Duke Nukem 3D, Medal of Honor Allied Assault,
  and Rise of the Triad.

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Linux Games cont.

• Special mention Linux Ports
• Loki Software was the first such company, and
  between 1998 and 2002 ported Descent, Heretic II,
  Heroes of Might and Magic III, Myth II
  Soulblighter, Railroad Tycoon II, Rune, Sid
  Meier's Alpha Centauri, Sim City 3000, Tribes II,
  and Unreal Tournament.
• Linux Game Publishing was founded in 2001 in
  response to the impending demise of Loki, and has
  brought Cold War, Postal 2, and X2 The Threat to
  Linux.

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Linux Games cont.

• Game system Emulation
• Wine for Windows games
• Snes9x and ZSNES for the Super Nintendo
• ePSXe and PCSX for the Playstation
• Mupen64 for the Nintendo 64
• VisualBoy Advance for the GameBoy Advance
• ScummVM for LucasArts adventures
• DOSBox for MS DOS
• UAE for the Amiga
• Frotz for Z-Machine text adventures

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Conclusion!

• Well I know it is a lot to Digest! But there is a
  lot to Linux we have only scratched the surface
  and I hope with this presentation and the Cds I
  have passed out that you will look into Open
  Source Solutions for your Business needs.

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Free as in Beer!

• I know we are hyping free free free,
• But I urge you that if you find an application
  that helps you that you donate to that project.
  That is how we all got to this point in history
  where we have this wonderful free Operating
  System. Even five dollars can help promote code.