cerebrum

1
????? ?????
???? ????????. ??????? ????
2
????????????? ???? ????????
??????????? ?????? Corona radiata ???????????
?????? Corpus callosum rostrum, genu, trunkus,
splenium Commissura anterior Commissura
fornicis ??????????? ?????? Fibrae arcuatae
breves Fibrae arcuatae longi
3
??????????? ??????
5
5
3
1
1
4
2
1. Fasciculus longitudinalis superior 2.
Fasciculus longitudinalis inferior 3. Cingulum 4.
Fasciculus uncinatus 5. Fibrae arcuatae brevae
4
??????????? ?????? (????????? ??????????)
1. Fasciculus longitudinalis superior 3.
Fasciculus uncinatus 2. Fasciculus
occipitofrontalis 4. Fasciculus
perpendicularis inferior occipitalis
5
??????????? ?????? (???????? ??????????)
1. Cingulum 4. Fasciculus occipitofrontalis
superior 2. Fasciculus uncinatus 5.
Fasciculus perpendicularis occipitalis 3.
Fasciculus longitudinalis inferior
6
??????? ???????? ? ?????
7
(No Transcript)
8
??????????? ??????
Corpus callosum ????????? ??????? ??
??????????? splenium, corpus, genu,
rostrum Commissura anterior ????????? ??????
?????????? ????????
Commisssura posterior ?e?? ? ????? ????? ??
tectum ? tegmentum mesencephali Commissura
fornicis ?????? (????? ??? ?????) ?????
????? ????????
9
Corpus callosum - forceps minor - forceps
major - tapetum Commissura anterior - pars
anterior - pars posterior
Commissura anterior (????????? ????)
10
??????????? ??????

• Corpus callosum 3. Forceps minor
• Commissura anterior 4. Forceps major

11
????????????? ?? ?????????
12
Split brain - ???????
?. ?????????? ????????? - ?????????? ??
??????? ?. ???????????? ????????? - ?????????
?? ??????? ?. ?????? - ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???????
????? ?????? ???? ?. ??????? ? ?????? ????????
?????? ?. ???? - ???????? ???? - ???????
???????? ???, ?? ??????? ????
13
??????????? ??????
14
Capsula interna

• 1. Crus anterior
• ????? nucl. caudatus ? nucl. lentiformis
• - ????????? ???? ????????
• 2. Genu
• 3. Crus posterior
• Pars thalamolentiformis
• ????? thalamus ? nucl. lentiformis
• Pars retrolentiformis
• Pars sublentiformis

1
2
3
15
Capsula interna
1. Tractus corticonuclearis 2. Tractus
corticospinalis 3. Fibrae corticothalamicae 4.
Fibrae thalamocorticales 5. Radiatio acustica 6.
Radiatio optica
14. Fibrae corticorubrales
16
???? ??????? ???????? (????????? ????)
1. Corpus callosum 2. Capsula interna 3.
Fasciculus occipitofrontalis superior 4.
Fasciculus longitudinalis superior 5. Fasciculus
occipitofrontalis inferior 6. Cingulum 7.
Fasciculus uncinatus 8. Fasciculus
longitudinalis inferior
17
??????? ????
18
????????????

• ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????????? ?????
• a. ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??
  ???????????.
• ?. ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????
  (capsula interna, capsula externa, capsula
  extrema)

19
A
?
20
??????? ????
??????????

?????????? ?? ????????? ???? Corpus
Striatum Striatum ----- Caudate Nucleus
Putamen Pallidum ----- Globus Pallidus
(GP) Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta (SNc)
Pars Reticulata (SNr) Subthalamic Nucleus
(STN) Ventral Striatum ? Ventral Pallidum
Nucleus Accumbens Septi ?????????????? ????
?? Substantia Innominata
21
??????? ????
??????????

STRIATUM Nucleus
Caudatus Caput, (Corpus), Cauda
????????????????? ???????? ????
???????? Putamen Striatum Ventralis Nucleus
Accumbens (Septi)
22
??????? ????
??????????

?????? ?? Striatum
(???????? ??? ??????? ???????????) 1.
????????? (?????) - 10-20 ?? ?????? ????
- ????? ????????? ?? acetylcholinesterase (AchE)
- ?????? ?? substance P (SP), neurotensin
(NT), tyrosine hydroxylase - ????? ?????????
?? D1 dopamine receptor - ????? ?? opiate
receptor 2. ??????? - ?????? ????????? ??
acetylcholinesterase (AchE) - ??????
????????? ?? somatostatin (SRIF) - ?????
????????? ?? D2 dopamine receptor
23
??????? ????
????


??????????? ????????? ??
????????? ???? Corpus Striatum Caudate
Nucleus Lenticular Nucleus Putamen
Globus
Pallidus Paleostriatum Pallidum Corpus
Amygdaloideum
Archistriatum
Neostriatum Striatum
24
????????? ??????
1. Putamen 2. Cauda nucleus caudatus 3.
????????????????? ???????? ???? ???????? 4.
Corpus amygdaloideum 5. Thalamus
25
1. Caput nucleus caudatus 2. Corpus nucleus
caudatus 3. ????????????????? ???????? ????
???????? 4. Putamen 5. Cauda nucleus caudatus 6.
Globus pallidus pars externa 7. Globus
pallidus pars interna 8. Corpus amygdaloideum
9. Nucleus accumbens septi
???????? ??????
26
??. ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????

• Nucleus caudatus (striatumneostriatum)
• Globus pallidus (pallidum paleostriatum)
• Nucleus accumbens
• Nucleus accumbens (?????????
• subst. perforata anterior ????????)
• Putamen Globus pallidus (nucl. lentiformis)

Corpus striatum ????????? ????
Subthalamus ????????????? ????
Nucleus ventralis anterior Nucleus ventralis
lateralis Nucleus centromedianum
Nucleus subthalamicus Zona incerta
Nucleus ruber Substantia nigra Formatio
reticularis
27
?????????? ?? ????????? ????
Putamen Globus pallidus pars externa
pars interna Nucleus Subthalamicus Substantia
nigra Capsula Interna
28
??????? ????
??????

????????? ????
STRIATUM (Nucleus
Caudatus Putamen)
????????? ???? 1. PALLIDUM (Globus Pallidus)
2. SNr (Substantia Nigra, Pars Reticulata)
29
?????? ?? ????????? ????

• ?. Striatum (nucl. caudatus putamen)
• 1. ?????????
• ?. ?????? ?????? ??????? (Golgi I) pallidum,
  substantia nigra
• b. ?????? ??????? (Golgi II) ??????????
  ????????????
• 2. ???????? ??????
• ?. ???? (???????????? gyrus paracentralis)
• b. Thalamus nucl. centromedianum, NVL, NVA
• c. Substantia nigra
• d. Nuclei raphe
• 3. ????????? ??????
• a. Pallidum ????????????????
• b. SN ???????????????

30
?????? ?? ????????? ????
B. Globus pallidus (pallidum) 1. ?????? ?.
?????? ???????????? ??????? b. ????? ????
????????????? ?????? ?????? 2. ????????
?????? ?. Striatum (???????????????? ??????) b.
Nucleus subthalamicus (fasciculus
subthalamicus) c. ????????????? ???? d.
Substantia nigra e. Nuclei raphe 3. ?????????
?????? a. ??? ????? ??? ?? ????????? ???? ???
???????? b. Ansa lenticularis, fasciculus
lenticularis, fasciculus subthalamicus
31
?????? ?? ????????? ????
32
?????? ?? ????????? ????
33
??????? ???? (?????? ??????? ??????)
???????????? ??????? ???? (SMA)
STRIATUM (Putamen)
???????? ??????? ???? (M I)
????????? ???
ansa lenticularis
THALAMUS (VLo, VApc, CM)
PALLIDUM (GPi)
fasciculus lenticularis
LMN
34
???????????? ????

• ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????
  ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ? ?
  ??????
• ?????? ???? ? ???????? ?? ??????????
• ???????? ????????? ????? ? ?????? ????
• ???????? ????????? ? ???????? ????????

35
???????????? ????
36
?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ????

• 1. ???????? ? ????????????, ???????? ?????????? ?
  ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????
• 2. ????????? ?? ?????????, ????? ????????????
  ??????? ??????????
• 3. ???????? ???????? (????????????) ??????,
  ??????, ???????, ?????, ???????, ????????

37
??????? ????
???????????? ????

???????????? ???? 1.
????? ?? ???????????? (???????) ??????????
??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ----
????????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ??
????? -------- Akinesia ? Hypokinesia
?????? ???????? ----------- Hyperkinesia 2.
??3???????? (?????????) ?? ?????????? ????????
???????????? ?? ??????? ??????????
????????? ? ?????????? ??????????
??????? ?????????? ???????? ------
?????????? ?????????? ????????
38
????? ?? SYDENHAM
???????? ??????
- ?????????? ?? ?????????? - ????,
?????????????? ???????? ?? ??????????,
?????? ? ????? - ??????????? ?? ????????
????????? - ????????? ?? ?????????? ???
?????? ???????? - ????????? ????????? ?? 1 - 4
??????
??????? ?????? Corpus Striatum
39
????? ?? HUNTINGTON
???????? ??????
- A???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????
?????? ? ??????? ???? (??? ????????? 4) -
?????????? ?????? ??? 40-50 ?. - ????????
???????? ? ???????? - ????? ???????? ?
??????????? ???????????? - ???????? ??????? ?
????? dysarthria, ??????????? ????????.
??????? ?????a Corpus Striatum (nucleus
caudatus) ? Cortex Cerebri
40
????? ?????

• ???? ????????. ??????? ????