Pesticide Application Equipment Page 78 General Manual

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PesticideApplication EquipmentPage 78General
Manual
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To Enhance Safety and Benefits and to Get the
Most From Any Sprayer

• Select the right equipment.
• Set it up correctly.
• Use proper operation procedures.
• Perform proper maintenance.

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Reference Materials

• The pesticide label
• Spray equipment
• BLM and Extension guidelines

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All Sprayers Should Be

• Durable
• Convenient to fill
• Convenient to operate
• Easy to clean

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Three Basic Functions of a Sprayer

• Distribution Metering
• Determine the volume or weight that application
  equipment will apply to a known area under a
  given set of conditions.
• Storage and transport

CALIBRATION
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Types of Spray Equipment
Hand sprayer
Knapsack (LOK)
Battery powered
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Low pressure hydraulic
High pressure
ULV
Chemigation or injection
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Tanks

• Fiberglass
• Stainless steel
• Galvanized steel
• Aluminum
• Polyethylene

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Lock Opening

• Large Openings
• Strainer For Filling

• Agitation Device

Large Drain
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Agitation
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12 GPM for Boom50 GPM for agitation62 GPM total
pump requirement
Agitation

• Agitation Requirement5 of tank volume(5
  gallons for each 100 gallons)

1000 gallon tank Pump - 50 GPM just for agitation
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Strainers

• Tank opening
• Basket Strainer (16-80 mesh)
• In-line (40-50 mesh)
• Nozzle screen (50 - 100 mesh)

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Pumps Must Provide

• Gallons per minute (GPM) required by all nozzles
• Tank agitation (5 - 6 of tank volume)
• Twenty percent (20) reserve for wear

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Pump Types

• Roller
• Centrifugal
• Gear
• Turbine
• Diaphragm
• Piston

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Positive Displacement

• General Purpose
• Wide range
• Output
• Pressures
• Herbicides
• Rollers can wear

Roller Pump
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Positive Displacement

• High Pressure
• Volume depends on RPMs
• Insecticides
• Dry Formulations
• Part can wear

Piston
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Positive Displacement

• High Pressure
• High Volume
• Insecticides
• Herbicides
• Dry Formulations
• Part can wear

Diaphragm
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Non-positive Displacement

• Continuous Flow
• High RPMs
• Low Pressures
• Durable
• Easy to Maintain
• Dry Formulations

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Pump requirement (GPM)

• Desired GPA x Boom Width x MPH495

For Boom Flow only
Add 5 GPM for every 100 gallons of tank page 78
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Example

• 30 GPA x 40 feet x 5 MPH495
• 12 GPM

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Pressure

• Least desirable to adjust GPA
• 4 x pressure to double GPA
• 20 GPA at 30 psi
• 40 GPA at 120 psi

Small droplets DRIFT

• Minor tweeks!

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Find New Pressure (psi)page 82
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40 GPA20 GPA
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35 psi X
35 X 2
35 X 4
New Pressure 140 psi
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Hoses

• Flexible (non-collapsible if suction hose)
• Durable
• Resistant (sunlight, oil, chemicals, abrasion,
  twisting)
• Sufficient Pressure Rating
• Correct size

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• GPA Gallons per Acre (GPA)
• Total sprayer output, delivery rate, volume
  appliedad nauseum
• GPM Gallons per Minute (GPM)
• Nozzles and pump output
• Diluent dilutes formulation at applicatoin
• Carrier dilutes active ingredient at manufacture

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Comparison of Micron Sizes(approximate)

• 2000 ?m - 2 Pencil lead
• 850 ?m - paper clip
• 420 ?m staple
• 300 ?m - toothbrush bristle
• 150 ?m - sewing thread
• 100 ?m - human hair

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Whats a good GPA?
Very Fine to Fine Droplet Low Volume (GPA)
Medium to Coarse Droplets
Very Coarse High Volume
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Read them labels!!
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Three Functions of a Nozzle

• Metering - GPA
• Atomization Liquid to drops
• Pattern dispersal

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MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE

• Nozzle materials
• Stainless steel, brass and plastic are the most
  common.
• Stainless steel is probably the best choice

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Nozzles Wear vs Cost
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VOLUME OF PESTICIDE SOLUTION APPLIED DEPENDS UPON

• NOZZLE TIPS
• PRESSURE
• SPEED
• NOZZLE SPACING

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TeeJet nozzle tip examples
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NOZZLE TIP DESIGNATIONSSPRAYING SYSTEMS CO.

• HSS8002E
• HSS 80 02 E
• HSS HARDENED STAINLESS STEEL
• 80 80 DEGREE SPRAY ANGLE
• 02 0.2 GALLON PER MINUTE AT 40 PSI
• E EVEN FLAT FAN PATTERN FOR BAND APPLICATION

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Nozzle Coding- Spraying Systems

• XR means eXtended Range
• 80 means 80o pattern
• 03 means 0.30 GPM at 40 psi
• VS means Stainless Steel withVisiFlo color coding
• SS Stainless Steel
• VP Polymer, etc

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Atomization (Droplet Size) is Dependent On

• Nozzle type and orifice size
• Pressure higher pressure small drops
• Liquid characteristics

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Nozzle Types
Flat fan - regular
Flat fan - extended range
Twin flat fan - good for dense foliage
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MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE
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Nozzle Orientation
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Nozzle types
Even flat fan - band applications
Flooding flat fan
Hollow cone
Full cone
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Flood Jet
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MAXIMIZING SPRAYER PERFORMANCE

• NOZZLES
• Nozzle types
• Flat fan is best for broadcast application of
  herbicides

Flat fan
Even fan
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BOOM BUSTERSPRAY NOZZLES THAT WORK WITHOUT BOOMS

• FEATURES
• All nozzles machined from solid stainless steel. 
  All have replaceable industrial grade nylon
  diffusers. (Tests have shown that this nylon will
  outlast stainless steel.)

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Roadside Spray Boom
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Boom Buster (cont)

• Extra wide spray pattern.
• Excellent pattern and distribution.
• All models spray chemicals and fertilizers.
• All nozzles have standard pipe threads.

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Boom Buster (cont)

• USES
• Row Crops, Grain and Pastures
• State and County Right-of-Ways
• Orchards and Vineyards
• Forestry and Utility Right-of-Ways
• Lawn and Turf
• Roads, Hedge Rows and Fence Rows

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Rule of Thumb

• An 8004 nozzle will deliver 40 gpa when used at 3
  mph with 40 psi.
• Likewise an 8002 will deliver 20 gpa under the
  same conditions.
• An 8001 will deliver 10 gpa.

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CHOOSING THE RIGHT NOZZLE SIZE

• GPM GPA x MPH x Nozzle spacing in inches
  5940
• GPM Gallons per minute per nozzle
• GPA Gallons per acre
• MPH Miles per hour

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EXAMPLE

• GPA 30
• MPH 4
• Nozzle spacing 20
• GPM 30 GPA x 4 MPH x 20 in 5940
• GPM 0.40

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HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT

• NOZZLES
• Best for large changes in output

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HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT

• Pressure
• Only feasible within a limited pressure range
• Pressure must be increased by a factor of 4 in
  order to double the flow
• 10 GPA at 20 PSI
• 20 GPA at 80 PSI

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HOW TO CHANGE SPRAYER OUTPUT

• SPEED
• Only feasible within a limited range of speeds
• Double ground speed will decrease output by 50
• 1/2 ground speed will increase output by 50

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Ground Speed Page 100

• Linear relationship

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Verifying SpeedPage 95

• Make a test strip to verify MPH
• Feet x 60 .Seconds x 88
• Feet per second x 0.682
• At 1 MPH, it takes 1 minute to travel 88 feet

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Speed - Example

• Test Strip Distance 5,280 feet
• Seconds to travel strip 48 seconds

(5,280 / 48 seconds) x 0.682
75 MPH
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Speed 2

• Test Strip Distance 200 feet
• Seconds to travel strip 27 seconds

(200 / 27 seconds) x 0.682
5 MPH
So What!
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Speed Effects on GPA

• Current GPA x Present MPH New GPA
• New GPA
• Page 100 for example

20 GPA x 3 MPH 60 6 MPH 10 GPA
10
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ROW Manual Pg 15

• New GPA Current GPA x Current MPH
  New MPH

25 GPA x 5 MPH 125 17.8 or 18 GPA
7 MPH 7
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Don't Be Scared!