The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

1
ÓȾÂÌÏÈÓÁ
From Genome Chips to Computer Chips
Bat Sheva Workshop Doron Lancet
10 October 2002

Doron Lancet, The Weizmann Institute
ÂÂÔϾˆËÓÎÂÔÂȈÓÔÏÓÚ
The Department of Molecular Genetics
ÓÎÊÏÁ¾ÂÌÌÚÂÔ
And the Crown Human Genome Center
The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot,
Israel
2
Two types of genomes
Sequential genome
DNA the order of bases is information
Compositional genomes
The count of objects is information
Transcripts Proteins Ribosomes Mitochondria Golgi
vesicles Centrioles
3
Metabolic networks
Transcription control networks
Expression patterns
The era of compositional Genomes is here!
4
A large-scale compositional genome
technology Expression intensity for each gene in
a genome
Analysis of arrayed genes the affymetrix
photolithography DNA array technology
5
Project 40 looking at 60,000 genes (Affymetrix
set of 5 human chips, A,B,C,D,E) in 40 human
tissues
Distributions in different tissues are
surprisingly similar!
Different colors indicate different tissues
6
Color indicates gene expression intensity
Five different tissues
Gene group with similar tissue vectors
Project 40 Cluster analysis Genes identified
by compositional tissue vectors Unexpected
relations uncovered by vector similarities
7
An alternative to DNA/RNA For Lifes beginning
Prebiotic compositional genomes
?
RNA/DNA worlds Prebiotic naked sequential
genomes
Lipid World Amphiphile assemblies
8
Amphiphile assemblies have compositional
information
(n1 n2 n3 . nk) Composition vector
n 3
9
Homeostatic growth splitting compositional
replication
Random passive fission
Growth with time-invariable concentrations
Homeostatic growth may be mediated by mutually
catalytic networks!
10
Composomes
The Graded Autocatalysis Replication Domain
(GARD) model
C1 C2 C3 C1
High similarity
Low similarity
Time autocorrelation
Life-like properties in lipid assemblies Variatio
n, mutations, selection, evolution!
Our Origin of Life web page http//ool.weizmann
.ac.il
11
Compositional Genomes the wave of the future!
Tissue level
Species level
Individual organism level
Chromosomal cluster level
Prebiotic level
12
Panel Naaman Kam Weizmann
Institute Martin Kupiec Tel
Aviv University Elisha Haas
Bar Ilan Iniversity
13
Some topics for discussion 1) The role and
significance of in silico biology 2) The
significance of large scale models 3) Is
biological complexity unique, or just more of..
4) Emergent global properties 11 gt 2 5) What
can large scale methods (e.g. arrays) tell us 6)
Redundancy and pleiotropy a guiding biological
principle? 7) The significance of probabalistic
approaches 8) Abstraction methods in biology 9)
Functional organization in biology Shall we ever
decipher?