Climate Change Adaptation

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Climate Change Adaptation

• Developing institutions and communities ability
  to adapt and respond to
• climate variability and long
• term climate change
• Taito Nakalevu
• South Pacific Regional Environment Programme

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Presentation Format

• Climate change - peoples perspective
• Impacts - Financial Implications
• Adaptation
• CIDA funded and SPREP executed project
• Gaps

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Climate is Changing

• Climate impacted positively negatively on
  PICs since time immemorial
• Influences how plan, built grow
• Impacted on crop yields and ocean harvest
• It has impacted on the basic livelihood of the
  people of the Pacific.

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Climate is Changing

• Anecdotal information - general consensus that
  climate is changing
• Frequency severity of storms, increasing
• Not a very clear distinction of dry-cold-winter
  vis-à-vis hot-wet-summer

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Impacts of a changing climate

• Drought of 1997 1998
• Fiji overall impact equivalent to 3 GDP
• Tonga - squash seriously affected
• PNG aid money approx A30 million
• Marshall severe water shortage, led US to bring
  in desalinization machines reduce water shortage
• FSM crops water supply severely affected

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Impacts of a changing climate

• Kiribati flooded
• 13-14th December 2001
• on 28th February
• 1st March 2002
• October 5th 7th 2002
• (Sea Level prediction at the time 2.8mm but due
  to storm surges SL level rose to 2.9mm )
• Flooding, sea wall collapse agricultural crop
  damages could cost millions of dollars
• Frequency Intensity no longer abstract

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Impacts of a changing climate

• Letua village in the Torres Group of Islands in
  Vanuatu is silently facing sea water inundation.
• People suffered, and suffered in silence
• How much is the cost ?

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Estimated Average Annual Incremental Costs of
Climate Change in Viti Levu, Fiji, 2050 (in the
absence of adaptation)
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Estimated Average Annual Incremental Costs of
Climate Change in Tarawa Atoll, Kiribati, 2050
(in the absence of adaptation)
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Financial Implications

• Increase in of budgets spent on increased
  unplanned unbudgeted events
• Changes to scenic aesthetic values - it might
  affect tourism industry pressure for govts to
  increase expenditure on natural systems
• Increase overall expenditure on maintenance
  damages to infrastructure (e.g. coastal
  infrastructure, fresh water supply etc.)
• Unaccounted costs - increased financial leakage

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PICs have adapted overtime

• Overtime people have adapted - e.g. relocate
  dwelling houses due to sea level rise and
  erosion
• Experimented with ways of harnessing water during
  droughts
• "I've cemented the bottom and sides of this pit
  to prevent the seawater coming up," he explained.
  "Now, with this kind of method, you can grow
  pulaka anywhere in the islands."
• Limited resources - need for adaptation to be
  addressed at a higher level than the community.

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Regional Response

• Pacific Island Climate Change Assistance
  Programme (PICCAP) UNDP GEF
• Pacific Island Framework for Action
• Climate Change Round Table
• Assist PICs in regional and international
  negotiations
• Assist PICs to develop 1st National Communication
  
• Develop in collaboration with PICs project
  proposals

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CBDAMPIC PROJECT

• CIDA funded initiative to carry out adaptation
  work in the Pacific
• Donor CIDA
• Executing Agency - SPREP
• PROJECT Implemented in 4 Countries
• Cook Is., Fiji, Samoa and Vanuatu

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What is SPREP?

• SOUTH PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME
• Intergovernmental organisation
• Responsible for environmental matters in
  Pacific Islands region
• Members-Govts and Administration of 21 PICs
  and territories and four 4 developed countries.

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CBDAMPIC Project

• Project has 4 main components
• Capacity Building
• Policy Adaptation Strategy Development,
• Awareness Material Development,
• Seminar Material Dev.
• Methodology Development
• Community V A
• Pilot projects
• Mainstream Implement
• Regional linkages

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THE NEED - PICs

• Capacity Building
• Technology Transfer
• Adaptation Financing

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE

• Questions