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ITU-Ts current situation and its
future Presentation by Houlin ZHAO Director,
TSB International Telecommunication Union,
Geneva at Informal Consultation meeting
Martigny, Switzerland, 27-28 February 2001
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Part I WTSA-2000 review Part II Review of
the results of the 1st Martigny meeting Part
III ITU-T situation and challenges Part
IV ITU Reform discussion Part V Frequently
Asked Questions (FAQs)
Structure of this presentation
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• Directors reports to WTSA-2000
• - Document 34 Overview, executive summary and
  future visions
• - Document 35 General statistics for
  1997-2000
• - Document 36 Report of TSB
• - Document 37 Add.1 Expenditures and budget
  issue
• - Document 119 Projects open to voluntary
  contributions

Part I Directors report to WTSA-2000
4

• Approval of reports of SGs and TSAG for
  1997-2000 activities including Recommendations
  presented to WTSA-2000 for approval
• Approval of a new set of working methods,
  including AAP, TAP, new working methods for SSG,
  EDH, etc. (Res.1, Res. 37,
• Rec.A.8, Rec. A.9, Res.32)
• Establishment of a new structure, SSG on
  IMT-2000 and beyond (Res.2)
• Appointment of Chairmen and Vice-Chairmen of SGs
  and TSAG ( Res.35)
• Delegation of more authority to TSAG (Res.22)
• Encouragement of reform discussions (Res.33,
  Res.36)
• Regional presence (Res.17)
• Voluntary contributions (Res. 34)
• Associates (Res.31).

Part I Main results of WTSA-2000
5
Part I - Approval of new and revised
Recommendations - Sequence of events (TAP)
6

• 752 Recommendations (revised or new) approved
  (including WTSA-2000 approval)
• Except for policy and regulatory,
  administrative-related texts,
• only 15 technical texts were delayed by one SG
  level meeting, K.46, K.47 (SG 5) Q.2941, X.641
  (SG 7) T.37/Amd.1,
• T.180 (SG 8) J.87, J.94, J.116, J.142 (SG 9)
  Q.2111 (SG11) G.691 (SG 15) G.729 Annex C,
  H.248, H.332 (SG 16)
• Delay of approval for technical reasons patent
  issues, alignment with IETF, or further
  improvement requested
• No single technical text was stopped by
  Administrations, neither by small company, nor
  by developing countries.

Part I Approval of ITU-T Recommendations during
1997-2000
7





(a)

3 weeks

4 weeks

LC

(b)



SG


Directors

Meeting

Announcement


(c)

and Posting

SG or

Edited

Directors


WP

Text

Announcement

Meeting

for LC

and Posting

3 weeks

(b)

for LC


(a)

AR



(b)



Approved

(a)

Comment

Directors


Resolution


Announcement

Directors

Edited

and Posting

Notification

Text

for AR



Available



LC

Last Call

AR

Additional Review

Part I AAP Sequence of Events
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• Very fast Approval if no comments within 4
  weeks of Last Call
• Very open Web consultation
• Member States and Sector Members comment on
  equal basis
• No translation required during the Last Call
• No consultation with Member States requested
  before Last Call.
• ITU-T has two tools to approve Recommendations
  of different categories
• (TAP and AAP)

Part I AAP advantages
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• consultation electronically to the maximum
  extent possible, teleconferences as much as
  possible
• paper copies only on request
• flexibility to arrange meetings, announce
  physical meetings with a minimum of one months
  notice through e-mail
• input documents accepted five working days prior
  to SG/WP level meeting
• normative technical specifications or interim
  Recommendations, under investigation (lesser
  status than Recommendations)

Part I Recommendation A.9 Provisional working
procedures for IMT-2000 and beyond
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• 1) Sector Members delegates appointed at several
  key positions
• - Vice Chairmen of the Assembly
• - Chairmen of Committees 3, 4, 5 and 6
• All working methods AAP, EDH, etc. were approved
  without difficulties
• Some discussions on Rec. A.9 (new) for Special
  Study Group (SSG) onIMT-2000 and Beyond
  (Project-oriented SG)
• 14 out of 15 Chairmen appointed are from Sector
  Members
• Encourage reform discussions
• Except voting by Sector Members, all major
  requests from Sector Members were met
• Some different opinions at WTSA-2000, unavoidable
  every four years.

Part I A good meeting for Sector Members
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• First Study Group Chairmen meeting in November
  2000
• - Agreement on AAP procedures
• - Agreement on meeting schedule for 2001-2004
• - Agreement on business management details
  (meeting efficiency, new initiatives,
  regional activities, promotion)
• First SSG meeting in December 2000
• AAP launched on 29 January 2001
• - Logistic preparation by TSB and other ITU
  services
• - E-mail contacts provided by Members 66
  replies by 15 January - no reply from many
  active Members (96 replies by 15 February)
• - Every 2 weeks an AAP Circular to be issued
• ITU-T Reform
• - discussed at the Chairmens meeting
• - prepare a second Martigny meeting
• Promotion to organize SG meetings in the
  region, and seminars/workshops on various
  subjects

Part I Main TSB actions after WTSA
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? Outputs were sent, as an attachment to the
Directors Report to the Chairmen meeting and to
the TSAG meeting in May 2000, to
the Council-2000, and to the WTSA-2000 ?
Input and output documents were on the website
immediately after the meeting ? Very well
received by ITU-T Members ? Very positive in
guiding and assisting the ITU Reform on
standardization ? Contributed to the success
of WTSA-2000 ? Good channel maintained
between the Group and the TSB.
Part II Review of the results of the 1st
Martigny meeting
13
Consensus views review ? Recognition of ITU-T
the only truly global organization exclusively
for telecommunications, and the important
intergovernmental role were highly
appreciated ? Clear separation between
technical work and regulatory/policy
related work AAP/TAP, equal voice ? Work
program optical, ATM, IP, wireless,
interconnectivity, interoperability, etc.
accepted ? Cooperation with IETF, ATM Forum,
3GPPs, etc. continued and enforced ? ITU-T
work should not be tied to the four-year cycle of
WTSA applied ? Flexibility to introduce a
forum model within ITU-T under
study. Personally, I support this proposal from
the TSAG meeting in April 1999
Part II Review of the results of the 1st
Martigny meeting
14
? Increase use of EDH enforced ? Reduce
reliance on face-to-face meeting I pushed it
hard, but the SG Chairmen resisted because of
their concern about the decreasing participation
of delegates ? Other means to reduce cost AAP
without translation, SG meeting opening plenary
without interpretation. ? Concrete proposals
from the participants and from the second
document Improvement of working structure and
implementation path did not receive sufficient
discussion. No unanimous agreements were reached
at the 1st Martigny meeting. Consequently, no
support from the TSAG and WTSA. Further study is
needed. Those proposals include to abandon SG
structure, to have WTSA every two years, to
establish a new product of technical
specification, etc.
Part II Review of the results of the 1st
Martigny meeting
15

• Extract from presentation to the first Martigny
  meeting
• Rapid development of new technology and
  convergence of services
• Rapid change of telecommunication environment
  liberalization, globalization
• Many standardization bodies Fora/consortia
  regional bodies, IETF, 3GPPs, etc.
• De-facto standards by SDOs/companies
• Limited resources, limited budget
• Poor classic image of ITU-T bureaucratic,
  very slow,
• and
• Companies restructuring and re-engineering

Part III Challenges (threats) to ITU-T
16
1981-1984 1985-1988 1989-1992 1997-2000
Recommendations in force by the end of the period 1,280 1,600 1,897 2,625
Total pages by the end of the period 11,600 (Red Books) 18,000 (Blue Books) 26,000 76,180
Note 1. Approx. 300 texts per year during
1997-2000 2. About 180 common texts
between ITU-T and ISO/IEC JTC 1 3.
ITU-T publishes handbooks and Operational
Bulletin
Part III Recommendations in force
17
1999 - Best selling texts (in the order of sales
number) H.323 H.225.0 G.723.1
G.703 G.711 V.90 Q.931 V.34
E.164 M.600 H.323 Annex
DX.208 X.209 G.704 H.245
X.680 X.25 X.690G.729
H.263 G.726 T.30 T.6
T.4 2000 - Best selling texts (in the order of
sales number) H.323 (09/99) G.703 G.723.1 Q.931
G.711 X.690 G.704 G.723 Annex
Adisk V.90 E.164 X.680 H.323 (02/98) G.692 H.26
3 G.729 G.826 G.957 H.225.0 G.729 Annex Adisk
V.34
Part III Best Sellers
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Part III Approval and publication time
ofRecommendations
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A.4(Communication with Forum) A.5 (Organizations to be referenced in ITU-T Recommendations) A.6(SDOs to cooperate with)
ATM-F ARIB ARIB
BINTERMS ATM Forum T1
DSL Forum T1 ECMA
EWOS (Open Systems) ECMA ETSI
FRF (Frame Relay) ETSI JCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association)
IMTC JCTEA (Japan Cable Television Engineering Association) IEEE
MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) Forum IEEE SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers)
MSF (Multi Switching Forum) ISOC/IETF TIA
TM Forum (Tele Management Forum) SCTE (Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers) TTC
OMG (Object Management Group) TIA
TINA-C (Telecom Information Networking Architecture) TTC
Part III Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6 relationship
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? All A.5 and A.6 relationships established
after 10/99 no delay ? ITU-T/IETF - Workshop
on ENUM, IP-related numbering and
routing, multimedia, etc. - Joint management
team (SG Chairs/Area Directors)
meeting, London, August 2001 ? MoU with
ICANN/IETF/W3C/ETSI on PSO, July 1999 ? MoU
with ISO/IEC/UN/ECE on E-business, March 2000 ?
MoU with ETSI on cooperation, June 2000 ?
Provide permissions to IETF, 3GPPs to post some
ITU-T documents on their Website for free
consultation ? to attend Joint President
Cooperation Group (JPCG) of ISO/IEC
for cooperation ? strengthen cooperation,
avoid duplication.
Part III Cooperation with other SDOs
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01/2001 01/2000 difference
Administrations 189 189 -
ROAs 168 161 7
SIOs 229 189 38
Associates 7 - 7
Others 42 40 2
Note About 100 Sector Members had never
participated in ITU-T meetings, and had never
requested documents in any form.
Part III ITU-T Members
22
Part III Request of documents by Sector Members
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Note Among meeting attendees 56 requested all
documents 20 requested no
documents 12 use Web only
Part III Attendance in 1998-2000
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• In Geneva 07/98 08/2000 6 091

Number of Members Number of delegates
Administrations 96 2 208
ROAs 87 1 783
SIOs 167 1 875
Satellite Organizations 3 41
Others
Total 6 091

• In Geneva 11/96 06/98 6 053
• Outside Geneva 11/96 - 08/2000
  3 208
• WTSA-2000 623
• Total 15 975

Part III Participation statistics
1997-2000(SG/WP level meetings)
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Administrations (96/2208) ROAs (87/1783) SIOs (167/1875)
U.S.A. 342 NTT 188 Lucent 16658
China 232 FT 184 Ericsson 1475
Germany 187 BT 148 Siemens 13617
France 106 DT 134 Nortel 9151
Russia 99 ATT 77 Alcatel 35234018
U.K. 95 KDDI 69 CSELT 69
Canada 63 Telecom Italia 65 NEC 47
Japan 63 Swisscom 65 Nokia 46
India 62 KT 59 Fujitsu 42
Ukraine 58 Telenor 58 Telecordia 36
Italy 56 Royal KPN 58 Motorola 278
Syria 53 Telia 46 OKI 32
Korea 50 Telekom Austria 37 ETRI 32
Total 1466 (66) Total 1188 (67) Total 1126 (60)
(Note Cisco 13)
Part III Top Members participation (07/98-08/00)
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Part III Structure of the entire ITU-T
Budgetwithin the ITU budget in 2000-2001
27
Part III Total language cost in the entire
ITU-T budget
28
Part III Statement of ITU-T Sector Members
contributions, sales, UIFN versus entire ITU-T
budget for 2000-2001
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Part III ITU Sector Members financial
contributions
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Note Figures are in Swiss Francs
Part III ITU sales by Sector
31
Part III ITU-T on line subscriptions
(06/99-06/00)
32

• Sector Member contribution on cost-recovery,
  voluntary, a minimum of½ unit is required for
  ITU-T.
• Sector Member contribution unit price is 1/5 of
  the Member States unit
• prices, currently, about 40,000 US /unit, ½
  unit i.e. 20,000 US.
• In the past, the majority paid a minimum of ½
  unit with exception of
• 35 cases 9x3 units, 1x2½ units, 4x2 units, 1x1½
  unit, and 20x1 units.
• In 2001 17 out of 35 will reduce their
  contributions (mainly from 3 or 2 units
• to ½ or 1 unit), a total reduction of 23 units
  is counted. (Some of them weredue to merging or
  splitting of companies.)
• 5. Some members provide voluntary contributions
  (cash), andinvite ITU-T meetings.

Part III Sector Members contributions
33
Contributor Amount received Year
T-NovaDeutsche Telekom 155 000 CHF 2000
Inmarsat 8 000 US 2000
British Telecom 94 500 CHF 2000

Announced amount
T-NovaDeutsche Telekom 155 000 CHF 2001
British Telecom 94 500 CHF 2001
Nortel Networks
Part III Sector Members Voluntary Contributions
34
IETF has no membership, but charge participation
fee the others arebudgeted through national
members/partners SDOs.
Part III Annual fees (Companies)
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Budget SDO Membership fees Note Annual fee(US)
(25,000,000 ) 40,000,000 SFr ITU-T choice minimum ½ unit (31,500 SFr) 20,000
20,275,000 (21,909,000 Euros) ETSI obliged turnover 45 units (5,000 Euros/unit) 211,050
IETF Depending on participation 350 /500 per meeting per person,3 meetings per year 1050/1500 x ?
1,200,000 ECMA Obliged 42,000 / 18, 000 / 10,000standards free 42,000
(18,300,000 )29,305,000 SFr ISO Through national members Shared by national members(five big members pay 9 of the budget) (individual company up to 50,000)
(11,900,000 )19,000,000 SFr IEC
(4,456,200 Euros)4,000,000 3GPP Shared by 6 SDOs Average500,000/SDO
1,840,000 3GPP2 Shared by 5 SDOs Average 360,000/SDO
W3C Obliged 50,000 / 5,000 , standards free 50,000
IEEE Obliged 5,000
2,870,000 ATM obliged meeting fees 14,000/5,000/3,500/1,500, 250/275 per meeting4 meetings/year, standards free 14,0001,000/1,100 x?
(Some SDOs receive secretariat support from their
members such expenditures are not counted in the
budget.)
Part III Companys dues to SDOs
36

• 1. A big vendor company has to follow 120-180
  SDOs, while a big operator
• has to follow 40-80 SDOs very expensive, very
  exhaustive.
• 2. In addition to the normal membership fee
  contributions, sponsorshipto support SDOs
  activities could be a very heavy financial
  engagement,and a hidden financial support to
  some SDOs included in hotel roomcharge to the
  participants, etc.
• 3. Company has its own financial problems.

Part III Problems for a big company
37
Intergovernment ITU-T
NGOsISO,IEC,IEEE, ETSI, ECMA
Task Force IETF
Forums Consortia 3GPP3GPP2ATMFW3C
Part III Organization Types
38
International legal ReferencesITU-T (Telecom
IT)ISO (IT )IEC (Electronic )
Market IETF (IP) 3GPP (3G) 3GPP2 (3G) ATMF
(ATM) W3C (WWW) IEEE (LAN, )
Region recognized ETSI (Telecom IT)
Part III User categories
39

• ITU needs reform
• Councils WGR met three times December 1999,
  April 2000 and November 2000.
• AHG 1 on Standardization
• 1st meeting in July/August 2000
• - from scratch approach
• - three models UK, Genuity, Canada
• - Inside ITU-T (Genuity/Canada) or outside ITU-T
  (UK)?
• - 16 criteria for an ideal entity
• - key-points identified, not discussed
• - useful to WTSA-2000
• (already reported to the Martigny group in
  August 2000)
• 2nd meeting in October/November 2000 (after
  WTSA-2000)
• - some key issues discussed, such as voting,
  budget, outputs
• - no agreements reached on key issues
• - first time a schedule three steps from now
  till 2002 with an entity started after PP-02

Part IV ITU Reform
40

• 3rd meeting in January 2001
• key issues
• - membership obligations and responsibilities
• - financing
• - output
• - decision-making process
• - impact on ITU/ITU-T
• No consensus had been reached on those items to
  establish ITU-TF
• - propose PP-02 to establish a pilot forum in
  ITU-T
• - Deutsche Telekom proposals for ITU-TF
• - modified stepped approach to reflect the
  request of pilot forum in ITU-T after PP-02, and
  further decision by WTSA-2004.
• AHG 1 Conclusion (see its report)
• WGR and AHG 1 no agreement on ITU Standard
  Forum
• AHG 1 no consensus reached
• A pilot Forum in ITU-T might be useful
• A number of participants consider WTSA-2000
  essentially modified
• ITU-T, wait further to see the results.

Part IV ITU Reform
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• Next events
• - TSAG meeting 19-23 March 2001
• - 4th meeting of WGR in Brazil 2-6 April 2001
• - ITU Council meeting 18-29 June 2001
• My observations
• - Very good spirit to push reform
• - very useful to contribute to the success of
  WTSA-2000
• - somehow lack of knowledge of ITU/ITU-T reality
• - two more years until PP-02 (too long to wait
  for)
• - push ITU-T reform through TSAG and SG
  management team before PP-02

Part IV ITU Reform
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Q.1 ITU/ITU-T is too slow A.1 No, it is
not. As a matter of fact, with TAP, ITU-T can
approve its Recommendations in 9 months, while
AAP can approve technical Recommendations in
less than 2 months. Such a speedy procedure can
challenge any SDO. Q.2 ITU spent a lot of
money on languages this is not wanted by
industry. A.2 According to the statistics, 1/3
of the entire ITU-T budget is spent
on languages. However, this expenditure is
covered by the ITU budget, noting that the
Sector Members contributions correspond to 1/3
of the entire ITU-T budget. Some saving measures
taken ? ITU-T has never provided
interpretation for any meeting lower than SG
level (except for SG 3) since 1997 ? For SGs,
only the closing plenary has interpretation as
from 2001 ? For TSAG, SG 3, and closing
plenaries of SGs, interpretation will not be
provided for those languages represented by less
than 3 delegates. (For example, 2 TSAG meetings
in 1999 did not have Chinese interpretation,
although the Chinese delegation was present.)

Part V Frequently Asked Questions
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? SG meetings outside Geneva did not have
interpretation ? Only those draft texts
identified for approval by SG meeting have been
translated. The other documents, including
meeting reports, normal contributions, delayed
contributions, not stable draft
Recommendations, etc. were not translated ?
Some ITU-T Recommendations were published in
English only, e.g. X-series proformas ?
Software part of Recommendations remain in the
original language only ? AAP does not
require texts translated into other languages ?
All efforts will be made to further save
money. Q.3 ITU/ITU-T has no place for different
technical solutions. A.3 It is ITU-Ts goal to
establish single global standards.
However, there are many cases where ITU-T
accommodates different technical solutions, such
as PCM (two systems), Videotex (4 systems),
etc. IMT-2000 Radio access has five options.
Furthermore, ITU-T Recommendations often provide
mandatory and optional facilities.
Therefore, possibility exists.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
44
Q.4 Industry does want power, but never
succeeded. A.4 How is power defined? True,
at PP, at Council, industry has no seats.
However, ITU has been working very hard to
improve the situation, including recognizing a
need to treat Sector Members as partners,
using the expression working together for
developing technical Recommendations, etc. As
far as standardization is concerned, industry
has enjoyed a lot of power, including the power
to hold a text at any time before approval so
that finally, Member States have nothing to
approve. The new AAP gives Member States and
Sector Members equal rights to comment on the
draft texts during Last Call. PP-98 Res. 82,
Convention 246A and 246B clearly stated that for
technical Recommendations, formal consultation
of Member States not required and that AAP.
may be approved by Member States and Sector
Members, acting together Voting should not
be considered the only means to judge Power.
On the other hand, power and dues are closely
related. A fundamental change to the whole ITU
structure and its mandate will be unavoidable if
voting by Sector Members is accepted.
Furthermore, there are many voting arrangements
weighted voting, equal voting, voting by simple
majority, voting by
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
45
absolute majority, etc. Another point who has
right to vote? Individual person (participant)?
Per delegation? Per membership? Per
country? Some more secret voting? Voting by
hand? Voting by letter ballot? More time is
needed to work on this issue.Q.5 Voting is a
key element for any SDO. A.5 Although all SDOs
have voting procedures, consensus is
always sought in most cases to approve their
standards. To use voting for technical
standards represents a failure rather than a
success. No SDO considers voting as their key
to success. ITU also has voting procedures.
ITU-T has never had a case of approving Recommend
ations by vote. Voting is a tool never-used
(power) by Member States. Although Sector
Members cannot vote directly, they can vote
through their national Administrations.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
46
Q.6 Some Sector Members have become a
multi-national force rather than a national
entity. How can ITU adapt to this
development? A.6 This is a Question for further
study. It is noted that a few big
operators/ manufacturers lead the world
markets, while in most countries, there are no
major manufacturers and their operators carry out
their activities within their national/regional
territories. Coordination for multinational compa
nies at national/international levels will have
to be reviewed. Q.7 Appointment of Chairmen and
Vice-Chairmen of SGs were still controlled by
Member States, not appreciated by Sector
Members. A.7 For the first time in ITU-T, I
introduced a transparent process to
appoint Chairmen and Vice Chairmen of SGs had
discussions in TSAG, issued a Circular-letter to
invite Members to propose candidates, several
round discussions with Members before the WTSA,
and with Heads of delegations during WTSA.
During the whole process, the competence was
always at the first place for consultations. The
result is 14 out 15 Chairmen of SGs are from
Sector Members and none from developing
countries. There are many things to be improved
in the process. More transparency will be
introduced in the future.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
47
Q.8 Can ITU provide its Recommendations free of
charge? A.8 No. It is not possible under the
current circumstances. The sale represents a
7-8 of the ITU Budget. ITU cannot afford to lose
this revenue. Externally, except IETF and a very
few SDOs where their budget system is based on
free deliveries, no SDOs can afford such a
loss. In their budget, the sales represent 7-8
for ETSI, 30 for ISO and IEC, etc. Starting
from January 2001, a trial of 3 free downloads of
ITU products per person will be welcomed by
students, researchers, ITU experts, and the
public. A free web access to ITU official
products will be provided to each ITU member
(not Associates). Other advantages
include special fees for universities, for the
LDCs, etc. ITUs sales policy will be further
reviewed. It is interesting to note that many
new players have disappeared after a free
service for a short period.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
48
Q.9 ITU has too many face-to-face meetings, and
it relays on their meetings only. A.9 Yes, for
ITU-T, meetings are very important. All important
decisions including approval of Recommendations
are made at the meetings. However, for many
years, ITU-T also uses electronic means,
e-mail consultations, etc. There is a lot of
progress, for example, all documents (Circular-le
tters, Collective-letters, reports,
contributions, liaison statements, temporary
documents, etc.), all Recommendations, Resolution
s are available on web Reflectors are provided
for SG/WP/ Rapporteurs to conduct their work on
a permanent basis submission documents by
several electric means (web, ftp, e-mail, etc.)
are arranged. AAP procedures are conducted by
e-mail only TDs available on web the next day,
pre-published Recommendations available in
a couple of days after its approval on-line
subscriptions, electronic bookshop, various TSB
database ITU-T home page has a lot
of information free to ITU-T Members paperless
meeting for some SGs already exist LAN
connection in the ITU meeting rooms
TSAG/WP3 dedicated to EDH WTSA-2000 encouraged
EDH etc.
49
Q.10 ITU is an intergovernmental organization.
Engineers/users, particularly young people, stay
far away from ITU. A.10 A lot of efforts has
been made to provide an easy access and a
friendly environment for new comers. For
example, TSB has recently prepared a guideline
for new comers. TSB staff will be pleased to
assist new comers for any enquiry. Actions to
promote ITU in the circle of young people are at
the top of the agenda. Tutorial
sessions/workshops/ seminars on ITU/ITU-T
environment will be organized in the market. ITU
will do its best to attract young people and new
comers.
50
Q.11 How do you see the future of IETF, 3GPPs
and other SDOs? A.11 ITU has a lot of things to
learn from them. ITU should not duplicate its
work. ITU should continue to cooperate with them
and other SDOs. A problem of surviving is
common to all SDOs, including ITU-T. Some
interesting points to note - for example, in
IETFs case, everything is open and free on
web, and there is almost no decision on
approval of RFCs during the IETF General
Assembly (GA), why are there always 2000-3500
participants for each GA, three times a
year? Can they continue their working methods
like this? - for 3GPPs, budget and meeting
expenditures become more and more
troublesome. I sincerely hope that both of them
will keep their momentum and they will find ways
to go forward.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
51
Q.12 How do you see the proposal to establish
technical specification? A.12 For the time
being, ITU-T Recommendation is the only
official output of standards. The term draft
Recommendation does not provide distinctions to
the various steps of the draft text, which could
be the very first draft from the scratch, or a
very stable draft ready to be approved. In some
cases, the industry would like to start
the implementation of a draft Recommendation at
their own risk. In case a formal approval of
this text as Recommendation will be not
possible in the near future, to provide a new
product, which has lower status than
Recommendation, would be useful to satisfy the
request from exceptional cases. Such a product
could be called technical specification, or
Working Party supported draft Recommendation,
or any other name. Anyhow, further discussion is
needed. It is noted that ETSI has three
categories of outputs, and ISO has Technical
Report at a lower level and has a formal
definition for draft International Standards
(DIS) at the last stage for ballot.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
52
Q.13 Do you support a new entity independent
from ITU-T? A.13 As Director of TSB, I will
certainly promote the internal Reform to make
the ITU-T more attractive. The discussions on an
independent new entity by the last AHG1
meeting in January 2001 have now reached a
proposal of a pilot forum within ITU-T after
PP-02 and WTSA-04. It should be noted that, at
the 1st Martigny meeting, the industry
leaders clearly supported a forum model to be
established by ITU-T. In my opinion, ITU-T has
a good possibility to establish such a
forum, because the rules and guidelines in ITU-T
Rec. A.7 on focus group are similar to those
for fora, and a strong will to push ITU-T
reform will facilitate this action.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
53
Q.14 In your opinion, ITU remains the best
place. Why does it have a bad image? A.14 It
is a classic image. It is a perception problem.
It is very difficult to change this image. I put
promotion very high on my agenda as from the
beginning of 1999. Promotion is a complicated
process which involves effective cooperation of
all partners.Q.15 What actions have you done
for promotion? Any progress? A.15 I have taken
many measures, including 1. Renamed a TSB
Department by adding Promotion to its title
and pushed this Department to take
actions. 2. Sent TSB engineers to conferences,
seminars to promote ITU. 3. Created a post of
Communication and promotion, insisted
on promotion as an integral part of the
title. 4. Reacted to the wrong criticisms from
the journalists and some VIPs to defend ITUs
position.
Part V Frequently Asked Questions
54

• 5. Enhanced cooperation with the ITU Press
  Service. 6. Encouraged SG press release
  actions. 7. Change the responsibility of one P4
  staff to take care of promotion. 8. Always put
  promotion high on my agenda, presentations. 9.
  Organize ITU-T activities in the regions,
  organize workshops, seminars.
• However, the progress is very limited. We have to
  work more.
• Q.16 What should ITU-T do?
• A.16 Before PP-02, there are two major tasks to
  promote ITU-T and
• to improve its efficiency further.
• We have to promote
• 1. ITU-T in the company of the current ITU-T
  members,
• particularly among companys young engineers in
  Business Units and leaders at different levels.
• 2. ITU-T activities in the regions, by
  organizing SG meetings, seminars, workshops in
  the regions.

Part V Frequently Asked Questions
55

• 3. ITU-T proactively in the market to attract
  new industry members.
• 4. ITU-T in the universities.
• 5. GOAL to make ITU-T Impressive, Attractive,
  Dynamic and Energetic (IANE).
• To improve efficiency, ITU-T can do a lot of
  things before PP-02.
• Q.17 What do you expect from industry?
• A.17 I have the impression that neither fora nor
  SDO could survive if there
• was no support from big companies and that
  they have problems in following up on all
  existing and ever-increasing SDOs. It is in
  the interest of both industry and ITU to work
  together to make the best use of the very
  limited resources of experts and money. I
  therefore hope industry
• ? to have a positive image of ITU-T the
  best place for industry, and to promote it

Part V Frequently Asked Questions
56

• ? to strengthen ITU-Ts position by
• - contacting always ITU-T first for any new
  initiatives
• - informing ITU-T of the bad thing for ITU-T
  to tackle
• - providing support to ITU-T.
• Q.18 For ITU-T reform, what can you propose?
• A.18 1) Some proposals to further recognize and
  strengthen Sector Members position
• 2) Budget reform. The current system should be
  changed, because
• ? not much flexibility
• ? no direct linkage between Sector Members
  contributions and
• Sectors budget
• ? no incentive to encourage Members to pay
  more than the minimum ? Sector Members
  fee is not a heavy burden for big companies,
  but it does not encourage operators from
  developing countries and small companies to
  join ITU Associates fee very high for
• Universities

Part V Frequently Asked Questions
57

• ? use registration fee for universities and
  small industry
• to attend ITU-T meetings.
• 3) ITU-Ts main task is telecommunications with
  its major work on
• public network aspects. I would propose to
  enlarge its scope to cover telecommunications
  plus information technologies
• 4) Proposal to PP-02 to give more power to the
  Sector Members to manage their work in ITU-T
• 5) Allow a new category of products of
  technical specifications at a level lower
  than Recommendation for special cases (start
  with TSAG)
• 6) Some arrangements to encourage the members to
  attend meetings.
• For example, establish a mechanism to encourage
  active Members
• who have attended two consecutive meetings
  (could start with TSAG).
• 
  

Part V Frequently Asked Questions