Week 10 Total Quality Management

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Week 10 Total Quality Management

• QC, QA, TQC, CWCQ, TQM, 6S Japanese concepts,

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Evolution of Quality Approaches

• QC, QA, TQC, CWCQ, TQM, 6S

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Evolution Quality Control (QC)

• Earliest term used
• Focused on inspection of parts and products, and
  later on processes
• Relied on
• Measuring
• Comparing to specification
• Acceptance sampling
• Statistical process control (SPC)

4
Evolution Quality Assurance (QA)

• Attempt to raise awareness of quality
• Relates to guaranteeing quality of the product
• Put additional emphasis on design
• DFMEA
• Concurrent engineering
• Process improvement
• Reliability testing

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Evolution Total Quality Control (TQC)

• Asserted that entire organization should be
  involved in improving quality
• Term coined by Armand Feigenbaum
• Three step process
• Quality leadership
• Quality technology
• Organizational commitment
• 19 steps

6
Evolution Company-wide Quality Control (CWQC)

• Concept from Kaoru Ishikawa
• Emphasized involvement of all employees in
  improving quality
• Supported by the 7 Ishikawa tools

7
Evolution Total Quality Management (TQM)

• Recognition that control wasnt enough
• Planning
• Organizing
• Leading
• Controlling
• Became prominent approach in the 1980s

8
Evolution Six Sigma (6S)

• Developed in the 1990s
• Recognized that 3 standard deviations was not
  good enough
• Utilized organizational, process, and statistical
  tools
• Will be the focus of the last 3rd of the course

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Japanese Concepts

• Kaizen, Hoshin, Hoshin Kanri, Jidoka, Poka-Yoke,

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Kaizen

• On-going improvement
• Incremental
• Continuous
• Covers equipment, materials methods, and people
• If it aint broke, dont fix it becomes
• Just because it isnt broken doesnt mean it
  cant be improved

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Hoshin

• Systematic planning methodology
• Key long-term objectives
• Often referred to as breakthrough objectives
• Example Improve quality by a factor of ten in
  three years
• Hewlett-Packard has been a major user

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Hoshin Kanri

• The deployment of the quality plan
• Focuses on how you will achieve Hoshins

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Jidoka

• Also know as autonomation
• Automatic detection of defects
• Can be used with machines or people
• Two steps
• Detecting defects
• Method for stopping production
• Frequently found in lean operations

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Poka-Yoke

• Also referred to as
• Fail-Safing or
• Mistake-Proofing
• Contribution by Shigeo Shingo
• Examples
• Back-up battery in smoke alarm or clock radio
• Guide pin in fixture for metal part machining
• Gas filler cap
• Bathroom sink overflow