Carbon Dioxide reduction as a driver for Regeneration

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Carbon Dioxide reduction as a driver for
Regeneration

• Nick Tune

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Context

• It is understood that in order to create a 2
  degree Celsius rise in temperatures all countries
  have to reduce their CO2 emissions to 450ppm
• In order to achieve this we will need to reduce
  emissions by 80!! The UK Government have set us
  that target by 2050 as well as a 38 reduction by
  2020

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Context

• How does this effect regeneration?
• Regeneration is about recreating wealth in our
  communities and improving living standards
• The reduction of CO2 can help achieve both of
  these objectives
• If Wales has a well planned energy and
  regeneration strategy then we will reduce carbon
  and create jobs!
• However some ways of reducing carbon create
  greater community and economic benefits than
  others

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The missed opportunities

• The redevelopment of areas without considering
  CO2 reduction and wider sustainability issues
• Buildings built to minimum government energy
  standards
• Fuel source imported fossil fuel
• Can you think of developments like these?

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The missed opportunities

• Currently the 1,500 you pay to heat and power
  your house goes to corporate shareholders and the
  countries that produce the gas, and oil etc
• That equates approximately to a city the size of
  Cardiff losing 150,000,000 out of its
  communities each year!!!
• a community heating and power scheme will mean
  that most of the profits from the ESCO stay in
  the area as opposed to going to major corporate
  businesses and countries like Russia, UAE

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Good Practice case studies

• Gussing Austria
• 1990s 70 of all people that lived there left
  the area to work in Vienna each week
• It was the poorest region in Austria
• Fuel poverty was high
• Relied on gas supply from Mr Putin

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Good practice case studies

• What was their aim?
• 1st they wanted fuel security
• 2nd they wanted to keep all the money they spent
  on fuel to stay in the area
• 3rd they wanted to create jobs and training by
  generating their own energy at source
• 4th become a centre of excellence in RD
• 5th bring pride back to their community

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Good practice case studies

• What did they do
• Reduce energy demand by up to 70 by insulating
  the properties
• Generate heat and power via the forests and crops
  they have in the area
• Develop a community ESCO to deliver/sell the eat
  and power and recycle the profits
• What has been the outcome
• 1100 new jobs for a town of only 5000!!!
• 50 new businesses
• Reduced fuel poverty
• Recognised centre of excellence in the world on
  biofuels

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Good practice case study

• Energy efficiency improvements in German Homes
  2001
• The German government funded the insulation and
  heating/renewable energy systems in 340,000 homes
  
• Cost 5bn
• Stimulated total investment of 20bn
• Government recovered 4bn in tax and savings in
  unemployment benefit and fuel poverty allowances
• Created 140,000 jobs
• Saved 2M tonnes of CO2 emissions

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What measures create the greatest job
opportunities for your pound?

• For each MW installed you will create on average
• PV
• Manufacturing 10 jobs
• Installation 33 jobs
• Wholesaling of systems 34 jobs
• Indirect supply 34 jobs
• Research 12 jobs
• Wind
• Manufacturing 11 jobs
• Installation 5 jobs
• Maintenance 0.33
• note of caution as the average cost per MW of
  installed large scale wind turbines is
  approximately 600,000 Whilst the average cost
  per MW of PV is 7M (estimated on 7k per KW
  installed)

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Time taken to install measures
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Welsh projects - ARBED

• WAG programme to fund energy efficiency measures
  and low carbon micro heat and power for housing
• Community based approach
• For bottom 25 LSOAs in the strategic areas
• Private and social housing
• Whole house approach

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Welsh Projects - ARBED

• If we invested 100M through the programme
• 4000 Solid Wall insulation systems _at_ 7k per
  property 28M
• Total no of man hours required 360,000
• 12000 Solar Hot Water panels _at_ 3k per measure
  36M
• Total No of man hours required 360,000
• 2000 (kw) PV systems _at_ 7k per systems (per Kw)
  14M
• Total No of man hours required 60,000
• 12,000 Cavity and loft insulation measures _at_ 750
  per house (after CERT contribution) 9M
• Total no of man hours required  144,000
• 2,000 air source heat pumps _at_ 6k 12M
• Total no of man hours required 120,000
• Total man hours 1,044,000

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Welsh Projects - Ebbw Vale

• Over 250 acres former Corus steel works
• All buildings will be low energy
• Local companies will be used
• Local job opportunities created
• The site will be heated via a district heating
  network
• Delivered by ESCO
• The site will have a train station
• Local facilities
• RD facilities innovation showcase
• A truly sustainable development The model we
  must all follow!

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Conclusion

• Dont just think about regeneration of CO2
  reduction as separate issues
• It is important that regeneration strategies are
  looked at holistically and capitalise on
  opportunities to reduce fuel poverty and create
  employment, while also seeking to meet carbon
  targets. Otherwise it may be sustainable from a
  carbon/ environmental point of view but may have
  missed out on social and economic aspects, which
  would go against the true concept of
  sustainability.

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Conclusions

• Use a community based approach where applicable
• Success needs to be measured based on whether a
  range of key parameters are met, i.e. employment
  and local wealth, rather than simply carbon
  emissions reductions.
• Engagement with the local communities are vital
  so that job opportunities are related and the
  community benefits financial from the scheme
• Need strong central and local government policy
  support