Exciting Energy

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Exciting Energy!
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Energy basics

• Energy is the ability to cause change
• Sunshine warming a surface
• Wind moving leaves on a tree
• Two major categories of energy potential and
  kinetic

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Kinetic energy

• Kinetic energy is energy of motion
• Sometimes it is abbreviated as KE
• It depends on velocity and mass
• If an object is rolling faster, then it has more
  kinetic energy
• If an object is more massive, then it has more
  kinetic energy

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Potential energy

• Potential energy is energy stored in an object
  because of its position or condition
• It is sometimes abbreviated as PE
• Elastic potential energy is stored in objects
  that can be stretched or compressed
• Gravitational potential energy depends on height

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Forms of energy

• Thermal total energy of particles in a
  substance or material
• Chemical energy stored in chemical bonds
• Electromagnetic energy that travels in waves
• Electrical moving electric charges
• Mechanical energy associated with the motion or
  position of an object
• Nuclear energy stored in nucleus of an atom

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Dont break the law!

• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that
  energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can
  only change form
• How could energy change from potential to
  kinetic?
• How might mechanical energy change to thermal
  energy?

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Imagine this
Mr. Flory

• You are a mountain biker resting at the top of a
  summit.
• What kind of energy exists at this moment?
• How might that energy change?
• Does the energy ever disappear?

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Kinetic to Potential

• As the ball leaves your hands, most of the energy
  is kinetic.
• As it rises, it slowly loses kinetic energy.
• The total energy of the ball has not changed
  because the loss of kinetic energy equals the
  gain of the potential energy.
• The energy has just changed form it never
  disappeared!

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Chemical to Mechanical

• As you paddle a kayak, chemical reactions occur
  in your muscle cells which, in turn, allow your
  muscles to contract which causes movement or
  mechanical energy.

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Chemical to Thermal

• As a compost pile ( a pile of plant matter such a
  grass clippings and leaves) decomposes, the
  chemical energy is converted to thermal energy.

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Multiple transformations
old fashioned iPod

• Music can transform from electrical energy to
  kinetic energy (vibrating speaker) which then
  travel to your ear.
• These waves then transfer mechanical and
  electrical energy through your ear drum to your
  hearing nerve.

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Energy and resource consumption

• My Ecological Footprint

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Sources of Energy

• Fossil Fuels Coal, Oil, Natural Gas these are
  nonrenewable resources resources that your used
  up faster than they can be replaced.
• Nuclear Energy (Uranium atoms split to create
  more energy than gas). This type of energy causes
  little air pollution, very little waste, and very
  few fossil fuels are needed.

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Sources of Energy continued

• Hydroelectricity Transforms potential mechanical
  energy of water that is trapped behind a dam
• This is pollution free but can disturb life cycle
  of aquatic animals.
• Geothermal energy Uses heat generated inside the
  Earth.
• This heat can be used to heat water to generate
  steam for electricity.

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Sources of Energy continued

• Ocean energy Uses high tide and low tide to
  provide energy through a dam-type system
• Wind energy Uses modern windmills
• Current topic of interest in Ohio

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How can you conserve energy?

• Reduce your consumption of energy and materials
• Turn off lights and appliances
• Keep doors and windows shut when cold or hot
• Make sure your home is properly insulated
• Carpool or ride the bus
• Reuse and recycle whenever possible