Meaning of catalyst:

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15.4 Catalyst

• Meaning of catalyst
• Change the rate of reaction but chemically
  unchanged at the end of reaction.
• Classification of catalyst
• Positive catalyst and negative catalyst
• Homogeneous catalyst and heterogeneous catalyst

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Homogeneous catalyst Catalyst that is in the
same phase with reactants and products.
Everywhere in same phase will have same
composition.
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How catalyst work?

• Provide another pathway for the reaction.
• Change the activation energy, Eact.
• Change the rate.
• K Ae-Eact./RT

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Application of catalysts

• Increases the rate of reaction.
• Reduce the energy consumption.

Example of industrial uses

• N2 3H2 ? 2NH3 (catalystFe(s))
• 2SO2 O2 ? 2SO3 (catalystV2O5(s))
• Making Margarine (Catalyst Ni(s) or Pt(s) or
  Pd(s))
• 4.Making town gas (Catalyst Ni)
• Catalytic converter(Catalyst Pt/Ni/Pd)
• Fermentation (Catalyst yeast)