info day 29997 MELARI NANO

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Brain Computer Interfaces Workshop 2nd August
2006 Julian Ellis
Future Emerging Technologies (FET) DG
Information Society and Media European
Commission
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Future and Emerging Technologies

• FET is the IST Programme nursery of novel and
  emerging scientific ideas through FET-OPEN and
  Proactive Initiatives.
• It promotes research that is of a long-term
  nature, and handles proposals for research in any
  area related to ICT
• It aims to open new possibilities and set new
  trends for future research programmes in
  Information Society Technologies.
• http//cordis.europa.eu/ist/fet/areas.htm

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Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) in FET

• Research on BCI in FET can be broadly classified
  in 2 areas
• Non-invasive EEG, EMG
• Simple to connect and remove
• One-way information flow
• Invasive using direct interfaces to neurons
• Connection involves surgical procedure
• Little end-user validation
• Longevity issues
• Potentially bidirectional
• Trend is towards RTD using invasive techniques

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Brain Computer Interface research in FET

• 3 clusters of projects related to BCI
• PRESENCE advanced virtual reality
• BCI used to design better VR and control virtual
  environments
• Advanced Robotics Neuroprosthetics
• Development of artificial limbs
• Neuro-IT How does a brain process information?
• Bio-I3 Bio-Inspired Intelligent Information
  systems

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PRESENCE research

• PRESENCE research includes the study of
  neurophysiological phenomena to improve the
  feeling of being there in artificial
  environments.
• PRESENCIA www.cs.ucl.ac.uk/research/vr/Projects
  /Presencia/
• Maia www.maia-project.org/
• PRESENCCIA www.presenccia.org/
• EYE-to-IT cogs.nbu.bg/eye-to-it/

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PRESENCE - PRESENCIA

• R. Leeb et al, Navigation in Virtual Environments
  through Motor Imagery. 9th Computer Vision Winter
  Workshop, CVWW'04, 4-6 February 2004, Piran,
  Slovenia.

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PRESENCE - MAIA

• MAIA aims at developing non-invasive prosthesis.
  A brain-computer interface recognizes the
  subjects voluntary intent to do primitive motor
  actions on the order of milliseconds and conveys
  this intention to a robot that implements the
  necessary low-level details for achieving complex
  tasks.
• Kauhanen, L. et al, EEG and MEG brain-computer
  interface for tetraplegic patients, IEEE
  transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation
  Engineering, 14 (2006)
• Classification accuracies obtained with dynamic
  classifier were better, at 75, 89, and 91 in
  different subjects

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PRESENCE - PRESENCCIA

• Aims to deliver presence in wide area distributed
  mixed reality environments using BCI.
• Integrated project started January 2006.
• Mind power allows disabled to take a virtual
  stroll Jo Revill, The Observer, Sunday July 2,
  2006

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Advanced Robotics research

• Robotics research includes work on hybrid bionic
  systems which are closely coupled to the nervous
  system.
• Cyberhand www-arts.sssup.it/Cyberhand/
• Neurobotics www.neurobotics.info/

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Advanced Robotics CYBERHAND

• Development of new kind of hand prosthesis that
  could be controlled in a very natural way by
  processing neural signals

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Advanced Robotics NEUROBOTICS

• Multidisciplinary collaboration of
  Neuroscientists, Roboticists and Technologists to
  design robotic systems inspired by nature.
• Navarro, X., et al. A critical review of
  interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for
  the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic
  systems. jour. of Peripheral Nervous System 10
  (2005), 229-258.

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Neuroinformatics research

• Neuro-IT research studies the processing of
  information in collections of neurons, and
  interfacing these to external devices.
• 3 groups of projects
• Interfacing to neurons
• Communications between neurons
• Information processing by neurons

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Neuroinformatics research

• Interfacing to neurons
• GOLDEN BRAIN (www.imec.be/ovinter/static_rese
  arch/BioHome.shtml)
• NACHIP www.biochem.mpg.de/mnphy
  s/europroject/project.html
• Communications between neurons
• SPIKEFORCE www.spikeforce.org/
• SENSEMAKER isel.infm.ulst.ac.uk/sensemaker.
  html
• ALAVLSI alavlsi.ini.unizh.ch/
• CAVIAR www.imse.cnm.es/caviar/
• Information processing by neurons
• DAISY daisy.ini.unizh.ch/
• FACETS www.facets-project.org/

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Neuroinformatics research NACHIP
Optimization of electrical coupling in both
directions, from excited mammalian neurons to
transistors and from stimulation areas on the
chip to the cells.
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Neuroinformatics research - SENSEMAKER
Sensemaker modelled aspects of the brain's neural
processes, which capture sensory data from eyes,
ears and touch, and then combines these senses to
present a whole picture of the scene or its
environment
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Neuroinformatics research - FACETS
FACETS is working to better understand
information processing in the brain, by dveloping
models of brain activity and testing them in a
supercomputer and specialised VLSI hardware.
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FET contacts for BCI

• Ralph . Dum _at_ec.europa.eu (complex systems)
• David . Guedj _at_ec.europa.eu (nanotechnology)
• Pekka . Karp _at_ec.europa.eu (robotics, Neuro-IT)
• Anna . Katrami-Bezirtzoglou _at_ec.europa.eu
  (Bio-I3 , Presence)
• Walter . Van-de-Welde _at_ec.europa.eu (Presence)
• Julian . Ellis _at_ec.europa.eu (Neuro-IT, Bio-I3)