Generic Sensor Platform for Networked Sensors

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Generic Sensor Platform for Networked Sensors

• Haywood Ho

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Introduction

• Goals for summer
• Longer-term goals
• Developing generic sensor platform jointly with
  civil engineering students to write applications

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Introduction

• Smart Dust
• TinyOS
• Generic Sensor

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Smart Dust

• MICA
• ATMEL ATMEGA103 4MHz processor
• A/D converter
• Network reprogramming
• Battery
• Radio (916 MHz)
• EPROM, Program Memory, Data Memory

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Overview of TinyOS

• Tiny, Microthreaded, Operating System
• Designed specifically to meet constraints of
  sensor networks
• Robust operation
• Low computational power
• Low power
• Little memory

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Tiny OS The Software

• Component based model
• Abstracts hardware specifics from application
  programmer
• Capable of maintaining high levels of concurrency
• Services Provided Include
• RF messaging protocols.
• Periodic Timer Events.
• Asynchronous access to UART data transfers.
• Mechanism for Static, Persistent Storage.
• Complete applications fit in 4KB of ROM and 256B
  RAM

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Generic Sensor Platform

• Currently, three types of messages
• A network discovery packet
• Data packets
• Generic Sensor command packets

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Generic Sensor Overview

• Matlab front-end to allow application developers
  to control motes (mostly developed by Kamin
  Whitehouse, graduate student in TinyOS group)
• Integrates many pre-existing applications to
  allow motes to be programmed with Matlab instead
  of TinyOS code (abstraction)
• No need for network reprogramming
• Library of data analysis tools in Matlab

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Architecture
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Network Discovery Radio Cells
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Network Discovery
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Network Discovery

• Simple routing algorithm to form routing tree
• No cycles
• Too many rebroadcasts
• Unstable tree
• Can pick bad links

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OSCOPE Data Packets

• Routed back to the base station using route from
  network discovery
• Data can then be captured and visualized in
  real-time in the Matlab environment

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Demonstration
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Conclusions

• Generic Sensor platform allows faster deployment
  of sensor networks
• Allows application programmers to abstract away
  from lower-level details of TinyOS

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Further Work

• Log and Sleep
• Simultaneous sensing from different data channels
• Time synchronization issues between motes
• Robustness
• Alternative ad-hoc routing alogirthms