Welcome to Christines Webfolio

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Welcome to Christines Web-folio Learning
Tutorial
Unit I- Lifes Building Blocks
Unit II-Energy Matter for Life
Unit III-Continuity of Life
Unit IV-Interactions Interdependence
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Unit I-Site Map
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Topic 1-Simple Organisms
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Key Ideas-Topic 1
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Key Idea 1- Organisms Possess Many Similarities

• - All living organisms have DNA (genetic code for
  life)
• - All living organisms are part of a food chain
• - All living organisms are made up of cells
• - All living organisms carry out the same basic
  life functions otherwise known as metabolic
  activities (nutrition, excretion, respiration,
  transport)
• - All living organisms have a niche (a role in
  the environment)

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Key Idea 2-Simple Organisms lack a cellular
organization and can either be prokaryotic or
eukaryotic.

• Prokaryotic
• - Have a very primitive cell structure.
• - Lacks certain cell organelles.
• - Examples- Kingdom Monerans (bacteria blue
  green algae)

• Eukaryotic
• - Cells that have a nucleus with DNA inside and
  other cell organelles.
• - Examples- One celled organisms such as the
  paramecium ameba (Kingdom Protista)

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Antibacterial Soaps

• Do they really work?

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Antibacterial Soap-Introduction

• In this lab you will conduct an experiment to
  see which type of soap kills bacteria better.
  There are 3 dishes, you will be setting up,
  (called culture dishes), the control, one with
  pink soap (variable), and one with white soap
  (variable). The control will not have any soap on
  it, just soil, or just rub your hand on it as the
  source of bacteria. The dish with pink soap will
  have some pink soap spread onto the soil, or the
  bacteria from your hand. The other dish will have
  white soap.
• While doing this experiment you will learn which
  culture dish killed bacteria better, the culture
  dish with out soap (control), the dish with pink
  soap in it, or the dish with white soap in it.

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Applying the Scientific Inquiry Process
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Problems to Investigate

• Which soap, pink or white, is better at killing
  bacteria growth?
• Will the bacteria form an antibiotic resistance
  to the antibacterial agents in the soaps?
• Will there be many different species growing in
  each culture dish and will they compete for
  resources?

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Background Information1-Research

• Research on Antibacterial Soaps
• - Bacteria are simple organisms that are made of
  Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells.
• - Bacteria are from the Kingdom Monera.
• - Antibiotic resistance is when bacteria develop
  a resistance to the antibiotic and the
  antibiotic cannot kill it.
• - Bacteria are easy to observe changes in because
  they reproduce very fast and in a short period of
  time.
• - DNA is genetic information that determines what
  or who an organism is, and what characteristics
  they will have.

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Background Info2-Prior Experiments

• - Different types of bacteria formed in the
  dishes because of antibiotic resistance.
• - Once another bacteria is formed it takes over
  the whole dish.
• - Regular hand soap is better at killing bacteria
  than antibacterial soap bought at a store.
• - More bacteria forms in the culture dish with no
  soap in it at all.
• - Many bacteria are found on hands.
• - Bacteria grows better in a temperature a little
  bit above normal room temperature.

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Hypothesis

• Based on the background information, the white
  soap will work better at killing bacteria growth
  because it seems to be more natural, no chemical
  coloring was added.
• I also think that the bacteria in both culture
  dishes will develop a resistance to both of the
  soaps
• Therefore, I think we will see many different
  species growing and competing for resources.
• What do you think?

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Experimental Design

• Materials
• Procedures
• Controls Variables
• Safety Precautions- follow safety instructions
  given by teacher.

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Materials

• 3 culture dishes (made with Jell-O and Slim
  fast)
• 2 different types of antibacterial soaps (select
  2 different soaps- I used white soap from the
  girls bathroom and pink soap from the boys
  bathroom)
• Bacteria source (soil or your own hands-I used
  soil)
• Q-tips (cotton swab)
• Plastic wrapping
• Rubber bands
• Labels

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Procedures

• 1- Make the 3 culture dishes (using Jell-O and
  Slim fast, follow the instructions on the Jell-O
  packet but substitute chocolate slim fast for
  juice).
• 2- Take the Q-tip and put it in the soil
• 3- Rub the Q-tip on each culture dish.
• 4- Put one culture dish aside, this is your
  control.
• 5- Label each culture dish (one with the words
  pink soap, one with the words white soap, and the
  one you set aside is labeled the control).

• 6- Put the pink soap in the dish labeled pink
  soap and the white soap in the dish labeled white
  soap. Do not put anything in the dish labeled
  control.
• 7- Cover all 3 culture dishes with the plastic
  wrapping and put a rubber band around them so the
  plastic wrapping does not come off.
• 8- Put all the culture dishes to the side but
  keep track and write down the results of what
  happens during a 7 day period.

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Controls Variables

• CONTROL
• Culture Dish- All of the bacteria were exposed to
  the same growth medium.
• Source of Bacteria- Each dish was filled with
  soil from the same plant (If you use your hands
  as the source of bacteria- make sure you use the
  same hand for the source of bacteria for each
  culture dish).
• Temperature

• VARIABLE(s)
• Soaps- There were two different soaps on two
  different culture dishes.

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Data ObservationsTable 1 Surface Area
Population Growth
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Data ObservationsTable 2 of Species
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Data ObservationsTable 3Species Competition
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Conclusions- Graph 1 Surface Area Population
Growth

• My Hypotheses was not correct. The white soap
  was not better at killing bacteria growth.
• The pink soap seems to be better at killing
  bacteria growth.
• Bacterial growth began to occur on day 2.
• Some possible reasons why bacteria did not grow
  until the second day is because the soap was
  working, but then after the first day the
  bacteria developed a resistance to the soap.
  Also, there could have been not enough soap in
  the culture dish. There also could not have been
  enough soil in the culture dish.
• I think the bacteria did form a resistance to
  the antibacterial agents, but I cannot tell this
  unless I add more soap to the dishes and watch to
  see if the bacteria spread more, then I could
  conclude that the bacteria was resistant to the
  antibacterial agents.
• Natural selection is when nature decides what
  lives and what does not live. Antibiotic
  resistance is an example of natural selection
  because the bacteria must adapt to the resources
  in nature, where it is, this is done by forming
  and antibiotic resistance.
• Natural selection is easily observed in
  bacteria, by it it evolves over a short period of
  time, rapidly and in clusters, so it is easy to
  observe.
• I would define evolution as a change in an
  organism based on this lab, because the lab
  showed how bacteria changes rapidly and in
  clusters.

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Conclusions- Graph 2 Number of Species

• In the pink soap culture dish, 2 species were
  observed. In the control and white soap culture
  dishes there were 3 different species in each.
• Bacteria are able to reproduce so rapidly,
  because they adapted to their environment and
  they reproduce asexually, which is usually
  faster.
• Sexual reproduction produces more of a genetic
  variation.
• Genetic variation occurs in asexually
  reproducing organisms, according to theories in
  modern genetics, by they have adapted over time
  and formed gene mutations which have helped them
  change to live in their environment.

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Conclusions- Graph 3 Species Competition

• 3 different species were present in the white
  soap culture dish.
• The foam species was most abundant on the first
  day that all species were observed.
• The foam species was most abundant on the last
  day that all species were observed
• I think that there was competition between
  species, but I cannot tell this unless I study
  the species for a few more days.
• I predict that all populations will stop
  growing when there is no more oxygen and no more
  room to grow.

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Repeated Trials

• View similar experiments by returning back to
  our student showcase and exploring other
  web-folios.

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Related Topics on Bacteria

• 5-Customizing Bacteria -Genetic Engineering
• 6-Bacteria in Animal Nutrition Digestion
• 7-Using Bacteria for Environmental Problems

• 1-The Process of
• Evolution
• 2-Unity Diversity A System for Classification
• 3-Bacteria
• Natural Selection
• 4-Ecological Significance of Bacteria

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Topic 1- The Process of Evolution
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Evolution Defined

• Evolution is the process of how living things
  change over time. Charles Darwin is the person
  who gave the theory of evolution. The theory of
  evolution explains how many living things on
  Earth have changed from their ancestors over the
  billions of years on Earth. The theory of
  evolution brings all the ideas in biology
  together. The theory of evolution explains how
  come the Earth is populated by many different
  living organisms, with supporting scientific
  evidence.

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Competition

• Competition is a struggle to survive. The Earth
  is not big enough for every single living
  organism to survive or live on Earth. The reasons
  for this are very simple. One, there is not
  enough food on Earth to support all the living
  organisms in on Earth. Two, there is also not
  enough space on Earth to support all the living
  organisms on Earth. Many organisms compete for
  food and space in order to survive, which is why
  there is competition for food and space on Earth.
  This theory was discovered by Charles Darwin.

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Genetic Variation

• Genetic variation is the difference in offspring
  that gain characteristics. When two organisms
  reproduce characteristics are passed on from the
  parents to the offspring (or baby). Various
  characteristics that are passed on from one
  generation to another through reproduction are
  hereditary traits. Differences in the offspring
  (or baby) that inherit characteristics is called
  genetic variation.

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Topic 2- Unity Diversity A System for
Classification
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Genus Species

• The first part of an organisms name is Latin and
  is called Genus. The second part of an organisms
  name is Latin and is called Species. A species is
  a group of organisms that are similar in
  structure and can mate and produce fertile
  offspring. Closely related species that most
  recently evolved from a common ancestor, are
  placed in Genus.

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Kingdoms of Life
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Topic 3- Natural Selection
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NATURAL SELECTION DEFINED
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Examples of Natural Selection

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• -

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Key Ideas of Natural Selection

• -
• -
• -
• -
• -

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Topic 4- Ecological Significance of Bacteria
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Recycling of Materials
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Bacteria as Decomposers
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Topic 5- Genetic Engineering of Bacteria
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Genetic Engineering
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Recombinant DNA
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Examples of Using Recombinant DNA to Customize
Bacteria

• -
• -

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Topic 6-Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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The Importance of Nutrition Digestion
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Bacterias Role in Nutrition Digestion
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Topic 7-Bacteria to Solve Environmental Problems
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Bio Remediation
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Uses of Bio-Remediation
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Unit II- Energy for Life

• Coming Soon!

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Unit III- Continuity of Life

• Coming Soon!

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Unit IV- Interactions Interdependence

• Coming Soon!