Title: Wisconsin Fish Families Part I
1Wisconsin Fish Families Part I
2Remember
- The Becker keys can provide you with a more
detailed explanation of species differences and
identification
3Petromyzontidae (Lampreys)
4Petromyzontiformes - Petromyzontidae
- 41 species worldwide, 6 species found in
Wisconsin - Sometimes parasitic
- The sea lamprey contributed to the collapse of
the Great Lakes lake trout fishery
5Chestnut Lamprey (Ichthyomyzon castaneus)
- Connected Dorsal
- Close supraoral lamina teeth
6American Brook Lamprey (Lamperta appendix)
- wide supraoral teeth
- broken dorsal fin
- (gap between)
7Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
- Separated dorsal fin
- Close supraoral teeth
8Acipenseridae (Sturgeons)
Shovelnose Sturgeon
Lake Sturgeon
9Acipenseriformes - Acipenseridae
- 23 species worldwide, 2 found in Wisconsin
- Most species are endangered
- Feed on benthic invertebrates
- Sought after gamefish
White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) dont
have to know
10Lake Sturgeon
11Shovelnose Sturgeon
12Polyodontidae (Paddlefishes)
- 2 species worldwide
- A living plankton net
- Are listed as Threatened
- Found only in Mississippi and Wisconsin rivers
- No scales
- Sensory organs on rostrum
- Heterocercal tail
13Lepisosteidae (Gars)
- Only 7 species worldwide, 2 found in Wisconsin
- Piscivorous
- Ganoid Scales
Longnose gar (Lepistosteus osseus)
Shortnose gar (Lepistosteus platostomus)
14Longnose Gar
Shortnose Gar
15Amiidae (Bowfins)
Amia calva
16Amiiformes - Amiidae
- Only 1 extant species (Amia calva)
- Cycloid scales
- Voracious predators
- Fairly widespread
- Swim bladder doubles as rudimentary lung
Bowfin (Amia calva)
17Anguillidae (Freshwater Eels)
American Eel
18Anguilliformes - Anguillidae
- Approximately 622 species, mostly marine
- Only 1 species in Wisconsin (Anguilla rostrata)
- Eats primarily zoobenthos, but some fish as well
- Undercut banks, logs, and boulders
American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)
- Continuous dorsal,
- caudal, and anal
- fins
19Hiodontiade (Mooneyes)
20Osteoglossiformes - Hiodontidae
- Only representatives of Osteoglossiformes in
Wisconsin
Mooneye (Hiodon tergisus)
21Cyprinidae (Minnows)
Common Carp
Creek Chub
Longnose Dace
Goldfish
Fathead Minnow
Some Manner of Shiner
22Cyprinidae
Notropis rubellus
Notemigonus crysoleucas
- Largest family of freshwater fishes
- Largest family of vertebrates
- 210 genera, 2010 species
- Occur in North America, Africa, Eurasia
Phoxinus eos
Cyprinus carpio
23Cyprinidae Characteristics
Semotilus atromaculatus
Ctenopharyngodon idella
Abdominal Pelvic Fins
Cyprinus carpio
24Cyprinidae Characteristics
- Schreckstoff alarm substance
- Weberian Apparatus
- 4-5 modified vertebrae connecting swim bladder to
inner ear - Provides an accute sense of water pressure (and
thus depth) and sound
Nuptial or Breeding Tubercles
25Range of cyprinid sizes
Paedocypris progenetica Mature at 8 mm
Ptychocheilus lucius Max. size 1.5 m Piscivorous
26Common Carp(Cyprinus carpio)Barbels on either
side of mouth and stout spine on dorsal fin
27Fathead MinnowPimephales promelas
No distinct caudal spot
Diffuse lateral stripe
28Bluntnose Minnow(Pimephales notatus)
Shortened first dorsal ray
29Spottail ShinerNotropis hudsoniusProminent
spot at base of caudal finUsually 8 anal fin
rays (compared to 7 on bluntnose minnow)
Faint dorsal stripe
30Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides)Prominent
silver lateral stripe (does not extend to
opercle).Terminal mouth.No spot at base of
caudal fin.
31Golden Shiner(Notemigonus crysoleucas)
Strongly decurved lateral line
32Common ShinerLuxilus cornutus
- Vertically elongated, diamond shaped scales-
Anterior portion of scales have dark pigment
33Spotfin ShinerCyprinella spilopterus
Pigment between last three dorsal rays
34Creek ChubSemotilus atromaculatus
Spot at anterior base of dorsal fin
Terminal mouth, extends to center of eye
35Largescale stonerollerCampostoma oligolepis
Scattered dark scales
Subterminal mouth
36Northern redbelly dace(Phoxinus eos).
Lower jaw slightly ahead of upper jaw
37Longnose daceRhinichthys cataractae
38Blacknose dace (Western Blacknose
Dace)Rhinichthys atratulusFormerly Rhinichthys
obtusus
39Cottidae (Sculpins)
Mottled Sculpin
Slimy Sculpin
40Slimy Sculpin (Cottus cognatus)
2 dorsal fins connected
CPL/PODgt1
Found in Lakes
3 pelvic rays
41Mottled Sculpin (Cottas bairdii)
2 dorsal fins connected
CPL/PODlt1
Pelvic
4 pelvic rays
Found in rivers and streams
42Centrarchidae
Ambloplites
Micropterus
Pomoxis
Lepomis
43Micropterus
Largemouth bass
Maxilla beyond eye
Maxilla to middle of eye
Smallmouth bass
44Lepomis spp
Green Sunfish
Orangespotted Sunfish
Less deep bodied More deep bodied
Bluegill
Pumpkinseed
45- Green Sunfish
- Less deep bodied
- Maxilla extents to mid orbit
- Pectoral doesnt extend beyond eye
- Orangespotted sunfish
- Less deep bodied
- Entire edge of earflap lightly colored
- Pectoral extends beyond eye
46Pumpkinseed- More deep bodied- Pectoral
extends beyond eye- Earflap has red spot on
edge (light spot on preserved
specimens)- diffuse irregular spots on
posterior dorsal
Bluegill- More deep bodied- Pectoral extends
beyond eye- Earflap dark to edge- Dark blotch
on posterior dorsal
47Pomoxis spp
48Ambloplites rock bass
Solid, no light margin
Rounded pectoral
49Percidae 5 genera, 8 species
Sander
Perca
Percina
Etheostoma
50Sander
Walleye(Sander vitreum)
White tip
- White spot bottom of caudal
- Big sharp teeth
- Maxilla extends beyond mid orbit
More mottled
51Yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
- Vertical stripes
- No canine like teeth
- Maxilla extends to mid-orbit
52Johnny darter
Darters
- X, Y, Z blotches
- Gap between dorsal
Rainbow darter
-Vertical bars posterior bars extend to
stomach -Gap between dorsal
Fantail darter
- Vertical lines on caudal
- No scales on
- belly
53Logperch (Percina caprodes)
- 15 to 25 vertical bars
- Conical protuberance on snout
- AKA Michael Jackson face
- -Enlarged toothed scales on belly