Emission Reduction Provisions for Airports

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Vision-100 FAA Reauthorization (P.L. 108-176)

• Emission Reduction Provisionsfor Airports

Office of Airports Community and Environmental
Needs Division
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Voluntary Airport Low Emission Program
Meet CAAregulations withclean technology
Airport emission credits to spurearly action
More Federal to improve air quality
Greaterairport and project eligibility
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The Vision-100 Approach

• Use best achievable EPA low emission
  standards
• Rely mainly on alternative domestic fuels
• Emphasize deployment of commercially viable
  technology
• Coordinate with Federal, State and local
  agencies

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Vision-100 Program is Based on the Inherently Low
Emission Airport Vehicle (ILEAV) Pilot Program

• JFK
• LGA

• ORD

• SMF

• SFO

• BWI

• DIA

• ATL

• DFW

• BTR

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ILEAV 1,500 Vehicles Planned
50Infrastructure
50 Vehicles
1/3 GAV
1/3 CNG
2/3Electric
1/3 GAV
2/3GSE
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National GSE Fleet is Approximately 72,000
Other
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Airline-owned 75
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Airline GSE by Fuel Type (55,000 units with
average age of 9.4 years)
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Areas of Expanded Project Eligibility from Pilot
Program

• National scope
• Commercial service airports located
  in Nonattainment or Maintenance Areas (150 of
  510 airports, including most of busiest)
• More alternative fuels
• Also hybrids that meet low emission standards
• Greater Federal share (75-100)
• Infrastructure and facilities
• Vehicles (incremental costs)

Eligibility
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New Provisions EliminatePrevious Procedural
Barriers(AIP Order 5100.38B)

• Mobile sources not specified
• any construction, reconstruction, repair,
  improvement, or purchase of capital equipment for
  the airport.
• Early documentation hard to get
• State implementation plans or other
  documentation shall be obtained to justify the
  project.
• Emission credits not guaranteed

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Four legs of Vehicle Eligibility
Airport dedicated
Low emission standards
Ownership conditions
Allowable fuel types
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Best AchievableLow Emission Standards

Viable commercial technology
EPA standardsby vehicle class
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Eligible Infrastructure Examples

• Conversions of airport power plants,
  generators, and other combustion sources to
  cleaner fuels

Replaced by...
Tanker Trucks
Fuel Carts
Fuel Hydrants

Reduced by...
Auxiliary Power Unit
Pre-conditioned Air
Ground Power
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Vehicles Must BeAirport Dedicated

• Aircraft ground support equipment (GSE)
• On-road vehicles

No cars, taxis super shuttles limousines
Security vehicles Parking lot shuttles and buses
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Two Major AirportFunding Programs
Airport Improvement Program (AIP)3 Billion/Year
Funding
300 million for Noise Air Quality
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70
Entitlements
Passenger FacilityCharges (PFC)2 Billion/Year
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Eligibility by Funding Source

• AIP
• New vehicles
• Airport-owned
• Alternative fuels

• PFC
• New and retrofit vehicles
• Airport and non-airport owned
• Alternative and cleaner conventional fuels

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Funding Only With EPA/State Credit Guarantee

• Emission credits to airports can be used to
  meet future requirements
• General Conformity
• New Source Review
• Credit requirements
• Nationally consistent approach
• Provided on a timely basis
• Based on existing CAA criteria quantifiable,
  surplus, permanent, enforceable, SIP consistent
  
• ILEAV projects credited retroactively

Emissioncredits

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Program Guidance
Emission Credits
EPA
FAA
Airport emission credits to spur early action

• All

National Credit Guidance
New AIP/PFC Eligibility Guidance and GSE Pilot
Program
Technical Report
State Local Air Quality Agencies
Airports
Organizations Documents Actions
Airport Program Application Begins
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AIPGSE Retrofit Pilot Program

• For GSE retrofits using conventional fuels
• 10 commercial service airports in NA/MA
• Each grant up to 500,000
• Selection criteria
• Cost effectiveness based on the remaining life
  of the vehicle
• Only emission control technologies certified or
  verified by EPA
• Priority for airport owned GSE
• EPA/State assurance of emission credits

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Looking Ahead
Clean airaround airports

• Federal and State coordination
• EPA low emission standards
• EPA/FAA airport emissions credit guidance
• DOE alternative fuels information
• Eligibility guidance
• New EPA air quality standards
• Cost-effectiveness (leading edge technology)
• Public access to refueling stations
• GSE retrofit pilot program
• Modeling enhancements